The Age of And

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The Age of And Are Community Colleges
Fulfilling their Missions? JULY 2008
Center on Education and the Workforce July 30th
2008
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What is a community college?

• Community Colleges tend to be AND institutions,
  not OR institutions.
• How can Community Colleges be defined by AA
  degrees or BA degrees that only go to a minority
  of its students?
• Community Colleges are difficult to define by
  degrees.

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Community Colleges Have One Budget and at Least
10 Missions

• Second-chance high schools providing a
  remediation on-ramp to postsecondary education
  and training,
• Partnering With Early College, Career Academies
  and other CTE programs for high school students
  who have met core standards,
• The Junior College that provide the first few
  years of college and transfer to four year
  institutions,
• Career and technical education (CTE) providers,
• The Community College that serves geographic
  and demographic communities,
• The Professional College that provides
  occupational and professional BAs ,
• Incumbent worker training,
• Education and training for industry and
  occupational clusters targeted on Economic
  Development Clusters,
• Adult basic education (ABE) and training
  providers for unskilled workers,
• And the preferred provider for retraining
  dislocated incumbent workers.

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Entering the Age of And In Community College
History

• The Simultaneous Growth of the Noncredit Shadow
  Postsecondary System and the BA is Dawning of
  The Age of And In Community Colleges
• Democratic and Meritocratic Values
• Globally Competitive and Locally Responsive
• Internally Coherent and Externally Responsive
• Teaching and Research
• Occupational, Liberal Arts and Professional
• Teaching and RD
• University and Corporate Governance Models

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Supporting Trends

• Alignment Between Economic and Education Demand
• Shortages In Key Occupations, Professions and
  Areas Underserved by BA Centered Colleges and
  Universities (e.g. education, healthcare,
  uniformed services, public administration)
• Credential and Skill Escalation Among
  Place-bound, Non-traditional and Underserved
  Working Families (the rising middle class)
• K-16 and Labor Market Alignment and Transparency
• Secondary and Postsecondary Vertical Integration
• Postsecondary Horizontal Integration (centered on
  multi-campuses in four year institutions in the
  East and Community Colleges going South and West)

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• Community Colleges cant perform all these
  missions
• with capped FTE aid
• a one size fits all cost structure
• and without substantial institutional aid for
  missions that are not market driven

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There is a growing revenue gap between Community
Colleges and other postsecondary institutions
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The Future of Community Colleges Will be
Driven by College for All and a Host of
Non-education Policy Dialogues

• WIA and Trade Adjustment,
• Infrastructure,
• STEM,
• Energy and Environmental Policy,
• State and Regional Economic Development,
• Income Maintenance (EITC) and Welfare,
• Military Recruitment and Veterans Adjustment,
• Disability and Vocational Rehabilitation,
• Education and Training in the Criminal Justice
  System,
• Immigration and ESL,
• Healthcare and Homeland Security.

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Valuing Community College Credentials and Courses

• Credentials that lead to family sustaining
  earnings
• PSE gate-keeper courses (basic skills, transfer
  and occupational)
• Test-based certifications
• Certificates
• AAs
• BA
• BA

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In a number of cases, the combination of AAs and
Certificates equals or surpasses the number of
BAs.
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The average certificate takes 1.7 years to
complete and are evenly split between those taken
less than a year and those being completed in 3
or less years.
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Valuing Credentials

• Average Earnings Data Conceals Hidden Gems
• Conventional Wisdom
• The higher the degree, the higher the earnings
• In real life
• Not all education is created equal
• e.g. Some certificates out-earn 2 and 4 year
  degrees
• Targeting high-value non-degree credentials
• Adds new pathways to family sustaining earnings
• Small steps are easier for the school-averse
  individuals to take

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Conventional Wisdom
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In Real Life
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In Real Life
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In Real Life Earnings are not only a function of
post-secondary attainment levels
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In Real LifeGenerally, working in your field is
better than working out of it but some
out-of-field credentials are better than others
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Awards conferred by Title IV institutions by
gender 1996-1997
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Awards conferred by Title IV institutions by
gender 2005-2006
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Success is Family-Sustaining Earnings Getting
There Means Creating Career Entrepreneurs who
can Surf the US Labor Market on Their Own
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Understanding the Highly Volatile US labor
market- the Most Dynamic in the World.

• In every quarter, 8 million jobs are added and 7
  million jobs are lost.
• Every year 1/3 of the labor-force changes jobs.
• Every year more than 30 million Americans are
  working in jobs that did not exist in the
  previous quarter.
• We need immediate access to this information
• one job at a time.

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Ongoing SuccessCareer Entrepreneurs

• Ultimate success is a family-sustaining job
• On-going access to current labor market
  information shows what jobs, skills and
  credentials are hot
• On-going access to current job openings gives
  ways to connect with employers
• Access to information leads to career-related
  learning
• Real time data gives on-going access to a
  sustaining support network

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Building a Real-Time Learning and Career
Management Information System

• Replaced Americas Job Bank
• Jobs directly from 2,500 Employers
• Jobs from State Employment Services
• Partnered with Community Colleges

• Job flow can form the basis for a real time
  demand analysis
• Resume flow can form the basis for a real time
  supply analysis

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Real-Time Learning and Career Management
Information System
Individual
ONet Knowledge Skills Abilities Interest Values C
ontext Tasks Activities
Resume
Job Listings
Wage
Parsing Tools
Data Repository Monitoring, mapping and
projecting
Full Information Real Time Qualifications Skills
and Experience
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Electronic Learning and Career Exchange
CareerBook
My CareerSpace
Individual
Career Management Tool
Resume Writing Tool
Learning Exchange Tool
Gap Analysis Tool
Full Information Real Time Qualifications Skills
and Experience
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