Colorado Rural Electric Operations and Engineering

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Colorado Rural Electric Operations and Engineering

• The Future of Fault Detection and Location
  April 7, 2009

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Utilities are facing significant challenges

• Issues
• Aging of electric grid stressed by increasing
  electricity demand
• Retiring of utility skilled workforce (Linemen
  and Protection Engineers)
• Increasing scrutiny of power outages and service
  restoration

• Drivers of Automation
• Reliability - outage prevention and restoration
• Productivity - operational and asset productivity
• Energy Efficiency grid efficiency and demand
  management

Electric Utilities are looking for automation
solutions to improve reliability, productivity,
and energy efficiency
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Unifying Integration, Automation, and Renewable
Energy
Smarter Grid
Previously independent projects now under the
umbrella of SMART GRID. Crystallized by 2007
Energy Independence Act and the 2009 Economic
Stimulus Bill. With this new view of previous
disparate projects, utilities are looking to the
coordinate the common themes that draw these
initiatives together, namely communications.
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Driving Smart Grid Investment
2 way Communication, IED/sensors and backend
software applications are enabling better data
management and improved grid performance
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Fault Detection, Location and Restoration

• Why Automate?
• Fault Detection Methods
• FCI/sensor provides wireless detection of
  Fuse/Recloser operation
• Fault Location
• Data from IEDs
• Fault Isolation and Restoration
• Sectionalize using Distributed Intelligence
• Sectionalize using Centralized Intelligence

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Fault Detection, Location and Restoration

• How do you impact duration?
• Find the Fault
• Isolate the Fault to smallest section of the
  affected line
• Restore faulted line
• Automation enablesdoing this Quickly
• - within cycles
• - within minutes
• Depends on communications

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Feeder Automation Enables Self Healing Grid
Our definition of the Self Healing Grid a
system comprised of sensors and controls,
communications, and advanced software that uses
real-time distribution data to detect and isolate
faults and to reconfigure the distribution
network to minimize the customers impacted

• Three solutions that offer different levels of
  self healing capabilities
• Protect critical loads - automatic source
  transfer provides 2 sources of power for a
  specific customer (e.g., hospitals, process
  industrials)
• Premium power quality services high speed,
  coordinated protection with multiple power
  sources for commercial and industrial parks
• Distribution network reconfiguration software
  configured system that reconfigures multiple
  feeders and adjusts for real-time system loading
  and protection plans

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Protect Critical Loads
Normal power from one source
Instantly switched to alternate source
Controls connected by fiber optics
Automatic source transfer improves key customer
reliability with standard packaged solution
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Premium Power Quality Services
Normal power from one source
Instantly switched to any alternate source
Controls connected by fiber optics
Turn key custom programmed solution improves
reliability for commercial and industrial
customers
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UtiliNet Radio
Master
SCADA
GE D-25 Data Concentrator
Data Concentrator
DNP 3.0 via RS232
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Yukon Feeder Automation

• Primary objectives
• Reduce CAIDI (Customer Average Interruption
  Duration Index)
• Reduce SAIDI (System Average Interruption
  Duration Index)
• Save on manpower field expenses
• Leverage existing infrastructure (if any)
• Secondary objectives
• Feeder Automation maybe used for cost
  justification of larger SmartGrid directive.
• Engineer predefined rules for distributed
  generation instead of burdening operators with
  increased system complexity.
• Pilot and field trial new emerging technology

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Feeder Reconfiguration
Master/Slave Configuration using SMP16

• Automation software/logic resides on SMP16
  automation processor
• Flexible solution can use multi-vendor IEDs
  (non-proprietary protocols)
• Configured for Autonomous Reconfiguration and/or
  SCADA control
• Multiple communication channel choices (RF,
  Cellular and Fiber, etc.)
• Secure Access to non-operational data from the
  back office with IED Manager, Passthrough
  Manager, and Event Manager SW options

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Yukon Feeder Automation

• Features
• Configurable software (no need for custom
  programming)
• Human Machine Interface, HMI (graphical display)
• Configuration Simulator (tests software setup)
• Event trace (provides detailed summary of events)
• Integration to DMS, SCADA
• Functionality
• Fault, isolation and reconfiguration
• Loss of source voltage reconfiguration
• Setting profile management for multiple
  configurations
• Miscoordination correction on isolation
• Flexible communications
• Centralized and de-centralized offering
• SMP de-centralized solution (control of localized
  feeders)
• Server software solution (control of broad area
  feeders)

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Feeder Automation Functionality

• Device Integration
• Integrate nearly any existing control (IED) into
  automation that supports a standard communication
  protocol without need for additional hardware or
  protocol converters. Ensure compatibility with
  next generation of controls.

• Cooper Power Systems Form 6 Recloser Control
• Cooper Power Systems Form 6 Triple Single
  Recloser Control
• Schweitzer Engineering Labs SEL-351 Distribution
  Relay
• Schweitzer Engineering Labs SEL-351R Recloser
  Control
• SC 5801 Automatic Switch Control
• More on Demand!

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Feeder Automation Functionality

• Communications agnostic
• Initially supported solutions are
• Licensed radio
• Unlicensed radio
• Fiber
• Serial

One system can combine several communication
methods.
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Feeder Automation HMI
Drag Drop HMI Display
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Feeder Automation Configuration
Configurable Topology Editor gives control of
system to Utility and Distribution Engineer
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Feeder Automation Simulation and HMI
Use Simulator to validate configuration and as
training tool
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Feeder Automation Logic Trace

• Time/Stamp of Events
• Synchronize events with protection devices
• Review decision making process of automation
  based on available data
• Optimize system performance by reviewing events
  and adjusting configuration or communication
  parameters

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Flexible and Scalable Solution
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Distribution Network Reconfiguration
Automation logic resides on substation grade
automation processor
Automation tracing for auditing
Configurable software support multi-vendor
controls
Simulator for testing pre-deployment
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Other Feeder Automation Characteristics

• SCADA Connect with same solution.
• Flexible and Scalable
• from one to dozens of feeders
• from one to hundreds of switches
• Simplified engineering, commissioning and
  trouble-shooting
• Configuration only. No scripting!
• Graphical configuration tools
• Graphical simulation tools
• Complete logging of all activities and
  decisions.
• Future Proof and Scalable Solution
• Vendor/equipment independence
• More feeders/switches/zones/constraints/ can be
  added over time
• More automation functions will be added (eg
  Volt-VAR control).
• Automation can be monitored/controlled from
  central or regional HMI positions
• Cost Effective Solution

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GridAdvisor
Field Sensors
Enterprise Applications
Yukon Grid Server
Secure Utility Network
OutageAdvisor
Outage Management
Engineering
Sensor History Live Sensor Values Alarms and
Trends New Device Recognition Protocol Conversion
VARAdvisor
DMS/SCADA
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Faulted Circuit Indicators with communications
reduce time to detect and locate a fault


Existing FCI apparatus
Communications
Smart FCI
Overhead
Yukon FCI image
Underground
Radio board (Licensed Spectrum Unlicensed
Spectrum Cellular)
Software interface (OMS,SCADA or Webhosted)
Fault locations communicated to utility
operations center and crews dispatched directly
to trouble location
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Operation Algorithm

• Minimum pickup (trip value) exceeds 350A (load
  fault current)
• di/dt 100A within 6 cycles
• Loss of current
• 60-second delay (recloser operations)
• Test for power (255 60Hz pulses)
• Yes momentary fault
• No permanent fault
• Momentary Fault update count registry
• Permanent Fault send alarm
• Power Restoration send alarm

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Reporting

• What gets reported
• -Fault Condition Normal/Fault
• -60 Hz Current Present
• -Battery Level Low Battery Indication
• -Customer-Specified Location
• -Last Status Update Date/Time
• -Momentary Outage Count

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OutageAdvisor Fault Detection Location Solution

• Benefits
• Outage Management
• Accurate Reliable Data
• Reduce Patrol Time / Reduce Outage Time /
  Improve Customer Satisfaction
• Vegetation Management
• Locate momentary outages
• Plan and prioritize OM spending
• Recloser Maintenance
• Track operations of hydraulic reclosers
• Plan prioritize OM spending
• Value
• Greater Reliability
• Lower Operation Maintenance Costs
• Simple yet sophisticated solution
• Detect Locate permanent momentary fault
  location
• Leverage existing processes, systems
  infrastructure
• Provides data where customer wants it
• Eliminates current fault-chasing methods

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Outage Advisor
Grid Server
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Email/Text Message
The value of FCI0008C - 30000150 - Saiau / Fault
Status is now Normal. Alarm Time Thursday,
November 8 1055 AM GMT Condition
Normal Category FCI Category Abnormal
true Acknowledged true Point Type
Status Notification Group HECO Fault
Notifications Log on at
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Outage Advisor
Grid Server