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Comparison of Intel Microprocessor 8086, 386, 486, Pentium II

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Computer technology has made incredible progress in the past half century. ... computer designers became largely dependent upon integrated circuit technology. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Comparison of Intel Microprocessor 8086, 386, 486, Pentium II


1
Comparison of Intel Microprocessor8086, 386,
486, Pentium II
Rivier College, CS699A Professional Seminar Fall
1999
  • by Hong Li

2
Introduction
  • Computer technology has made incredible
    progress in the past half century. In 1945, there
    were no stored-program computers. Today, a few
    thousand dollars will purchase a personal
    computer that has more performance, more main
    memory, and more disk storage than a computer
    bought in 1965 for 1 million. During the first
    25 years of electronic computers, both forces
    made a major contribution but beginning in
    about 1970, computer designers became largely
    dependent upon integrated circuit technology. The
    late 1970s saw the emergence of the
    microprocessor.
  • What is a microprocessor ?

3
The Intel 8086 Microprocessor
  • It is a 16-bit microprocessor chip available in
    speeds of 8MHz, 10MHz, and 12MHz.
  • It can address 1 Mb of data with only 16-bit
    address. This is accomplished by segmenting
    memory into separate 64K groups of data. Hardware
    and instructions integral to the 8086 control
    each 64K group.

4
The Intel 8086 Microprocessor (continued)
  • Memory Structure
  • Data storage in 8086 memory
  • Paragraphs
  • Program Segmentation and Segment Registers
  • Hardware Registers
  • Flags
  • Input/Output (I/O) Structure

5
Intel 386 Microprocessor
  • It is an entry-level 32-bit microprocessor
    designed for single-user applications and
    operating systems such as MS-DOS and
    Windows.Base Architecture the Intel 386 consists
    of three major components
  • a central processing unit (CPU)
  • a memory management unit
  • -- segmentation unit -- the paging mechanism
    the Intel has two modes of operation Real
    Address Mode
  • (Real Mode), and Protected Virtual Address
    Mode (Protected Mode).
  • a bus interface

6
Intel 386 Microprocessor (continued)Registers
7
Intel 386 Microprocessor (continued)
8
Intel 386 Microprocessor (continued)
  • Instruction Set
  • The instruction set is divided into nine
    categories of operations
  • Addressing Modes
  • The Intel 386 provides a total of 11 addressing
    modes for instructions to specify operands
  • Memory organization
  • I/O Space
  • Real Mode Architecture
  • Protected Mode Architecture

9
Intel 486 microprocessor
  • The Intel 486 CPU offers the highest
    performance for DOS, OS/2, Windows, and UNIX
    system V/Intel 386 applications. Its 100 binary
    compatible with the Intel 386 CPU.
  • Architectural Overview
  • Real Mode Architecture.
  • Protected Mode Architecture
  • On-Chip Cache

10
Pentium II Microprocessor
  • The Pentium II processor features and benefits
    can enhance users computing experience
  • Introduction, Product Highlights,Dynamic
    Execution Technology, Intel MMX Technology,
    Thesting and Performance Monitioring Features.
  • Introduction
  • Product Highlights
  • Testing and Performance Monitoring Features

11
Summary
  • The Intel 8086 It is a 16-bit architecture, with
    all internal registers 16 bits wide.
  • The Intel 80386 were included a 32-bit data bus
    structure and the ability to address up to 4GB of
    memory.
  • The Intel 80486 was a 32-bit data bus structure,
    and the ability to address up to 64GB of memory.
  • The Pentium II processor was a 7.5
    million-transistor, it incorporates the Pentium
    pro and the Intel MMX technology, which is
    designed specifically to process video, audio and
    graphics data efficiently.

12
References
  • --http//www.tasc.com/products/horizonmaster/HTML/
    irm/in/intel/init/html/intel486.htm
  • --http//www.tasc.com/products/horizonmaster/HTML/
    irm/in/intel/init/html/intel386.htm
  • --http//www2.eng.cam.ac.uk/dmh/d7/resource/intro
    /tsld012.htm
  • --http//www2.eng.cam.ac.uk/dmh/d7/resource/intro
    /tsld013.htm
  • --http//developer.intel.com/design/processor/futu
    re/roadmap.htm
  • --http//developer.intel.com/design/processor/futu
    re/overview.htm
  • --http//intel.com/pentiumii/xeon/home.htm
  • --http//intel.com/PentiumIII/Xeon/home.htm
  • David A. Patterson John L. Hennessy, "Computer
    Architecture a Quantitative Approach, 2nd
    edition, pp. 1-3, pp. D1- D14.
  • "Intel Microprocessor Volume I", 1994, Pg
    1-1---1-66, Pg 3-1---3-30.
  • "Intel Microprocessor Volume II", 1994, Pg 2-2,
    Pg 2-2---2-85.
  • Robert S. Lai, "Writing MS-DOS Device Drivers",
    2nd edition, The Waite Group, pp. 461- 474.
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