Linking the NC process to the development and implementation of adaptation strategies, policies and

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• Linking the NC process to the development and
  implementation of adaptation strategies,
  policies and projects
• Albania case
• Ermira Fida, MBA
• Prof. Eglantina Bruci
• Uzbekistan, Tashkent, October 2005

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Content of presentation

• Where do we stand with National Communication
  process and the VA
• VA under INC, TNA, SNC
• Some highlights from the VA studies
• Efforts to mainstreaming adaptation
• Steps towards an adaptation project under the GEF
  SPA
• Project baseline and GEF alternative scenario
• Objectives, outcomes, outputs of the project
• Status of the project
• Conclusions

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Update on NCs of Albania

• INC completed on July 2002
• Launched at COP8, India
• Technology Needs Assessment completed on November
  2004
• SNC under preparation
• SNC project started on March 2005
• Stocktaking exercise completed

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Institutional capacity for NCs

• Relies upon the responsibility of the Climate
  Change Unit/Program
• Based under the Ministry of Environment, Forests
  and Water Administration of Albania
• Responsible for managements and implementation of
  UNDP-GEF portfolio for energy and climate change
• Responsible for implementation of the UNFCCC and
  Kyoto Protocol.

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Institutional framework for NCs

UNDP-GEF NCSP
UNDP-RBEC
Ministry of Environment, F WA.

Manager of UNDP-GEF Climate Change Program
UNDP Albania
Technical teams
Institutions, NGO, Ministries
MEI
Hydromet
INSTAT
Inventory
Abatement
VA
CDM
MoAF
EEDS
others
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UNDP-GEF climate change portfolio
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VA under CCEAs
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Boundaries of the VA under INC, TNA, SNC
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VA main findings

• Annual temperature increase
• up to 1 0C, 1.8 0C, 3.6 0C respectively by 2025,
  2050, 2100
• Annual precipitation decrease
• up to 3.8, -6.1, -12.5 respectively by
  2025, 2050, 2100
• Sea level rise
• Up to 20-24 cm by 2050 and
• 48-61cm by 2100

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Main findings from FNC Vulnerability
Adaptation
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Cross-sectorial assessment of VA under the FNC

from hydro sources
Impact to water resources
hydroelectricity generation alternative
scenario
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Adaptation technology selection criteria under
TNA

• Development benefits (achieving some of the
  Millennium Development Goals)
• Job wealth creation for the poor - G 1
• Food security - G 1
• Health improvement- G 4,5,6
• Capacity building (human, physical,
  environmental)
• Ensure environmental sustainability- G 7
• Economic and industrial efficiency improvement
• Gender equality and empower woman- G3
•   Social acceptability and suitability for
  country conditions
• Market potential
• Capital and operating costs relative to
  alternatives
• Commercial availability
• Replicability and potential scale of utilization
  
• Contribution to climate change
• GHG emission reduction potential- G7
• Adaptation potential- G7

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Evaluation of adaptation technology options under
TNA
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Priority adaptation options under TNA
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Stocktaking/SNC VA scope and boundaries
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Efforts to mainstreaming adaptation

• Linking the NC process to adaptation programming
  
• The work done on VA under the INC, TNA and SNC
  has been instrumental to build capacities and
  advancing the previous attempts in terms of
  adaptation programming.
• GEF Strategic Priorities for Adaptation (SPA)
  funds has been defined as an option to enable
  further actions on adaptation programming at
  community level
• A GEF PDF_Block A under SPA has been developed
  Identification and implementation of adaptation
  response measures in the Drini-Mati River Deltas
• The project focuses on DMRD ecosystems VA
• The PDF A objective was to develop an MSP subject
  of GEF funding under SPA to support
  identification and demonstration of
  implementation examples in DMRD that both address
  local adaptation needs which in turn generate
  global environmental benefits (climate and
  biodiversity focal areas)

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Steps towards adaptation project formulation

• Defining of the project boundaries
• Drini-Mati River Delta (map)
• Stakeholder identification and analysis
• Identification of co-funding sources because GEF
  provide incremental cost only to an SPA Project
• MSP formulation and finalization
• Project scoping
• A rough assessment of current vulnerability to CC
  for the selected area of Drini-Mati River Deltas.
  
• Stocktaking the current ongoing projects/programs
  relevant to adaptation
• Engagement and consultation with a key
  stakeholders group for project development
  purposes
• Developing a broader list (matrix) of
  stakeholders to get engaged under the MSP
  implementation phase
• Draw on other countries experiences in
  formulation of GEF adaptation projects
• Developing the baseline scenario and GEF
  alternative scenario (incremental part)

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Boundaries of the adaptation project
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Background information on DMRD

• DMRD is an area of priority from the development
  point of veiw (MDG Regional Report of Lezha)
• DMRD is found to be a vulnerable area from
  ecosystem point of view
• DMRD harbors significant biodiversity values
• Three main types of habitat (i) marine, (ii)
  wetlands and (iii) non-wetland habitats
• DMRD provides wintering ground for
• globally endangered species pygmy cormorant
  (Phalacrocorax pygmaeus) and
• over 70 species of waterfowl and water-bird with
  a total population of 180,000 individuals
• Internationally recognized area
• Important Bird Area (IBA)
• Patok lagoon is known as feeding area of
  endangered loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) 

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Project baseline

• Anthropogenic threats to the ecosystems of the
  DMRD
• unplanned development of the territory and
  illegal construction of buildings within
  sensitive areas, sewage and solid waste
  pollution.
• Climate related threats
• Vulnerability due to extreme weather events
  (heavy precipitation, strong winds and extended
  droughts)
• Reduction of number and/or loss of some species
• fragmentation and/loss of habitats
• Baseline programming
• Several projects/programs
• None of them takes into account climate related
  threats
• Barriers and gaps
• Lack of capacities (human, financial, technical)
  to assess climate impact at a smaller resolution.
  
• Lack of awareness among stakeholders on climate
  change and its negative impacts

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Sea intrusion in the project area
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GEF alternative scenario

• The proposed project strategy is to take an
  adaptive capacity approach aiming at increasing
  the capacity of the DMRD ecological system to be
  resilient to climate change.
• This will be achieved by addressing the
  information, awareness, and technical capacity
  barriers
• The long-term development goal of this medium
  size project is to assist Albania in beginning a
  process by which strategies to moderate, cope
  with, and take advantage of the consequences of
  climate change are enhanced, developed, and
  implemented.
• The specific objective of the project is to build
  adaptive capacities in the DMRD in order to help
  vulnerable ecosystems and local livelihoods to
  adapt to climate change. This will be done by
  first identifying, and then integrating climate
  change response measures into development
  programming in the DMRD.
• A set of outcomes, each of which will draw on APF
  guidance, will contribute towards the achievement
  of the project objective.

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Project Outcomes

• Outcome 1
• Building capacities to monitor and respond to
  anticipated climate change in the DMRD at the
  institutional and community levels
• Outputs
• A system for monitoring climate change and its
  impacts on DMRD ecosystems is in place
• Local capacities to analyze data on climate
  variability and associated ecological impacts and
  integrate this into decision making are in place
• Community capacities to understand the impacts of
  climate fluctuations and expected changes on
  natural ecosystems and local livelihood are build
  up.

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Project Outcomes (Cont)

• Outcome 2
• Regional development programs, plans and policies
  consider climate change concerns in the DMRD
  through incorporation and implementation of
  specific measures
• Outputs
• A package of amendments to relevant programmers,
  policies, and plans to integrate adaptation
  measures is prepared and implementation is
  initiated with involvement of local community and
  authorities, NGOs, and other interested groups
• Mechanisms for community involvement under VA
  and decisions on adaptation measures established.
  

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Project Outcomes (cont)

• Outcome 3
• Build a learning management system generated by
  the implementation experience of the project
• Outputs
• Communication strategy, and knowledge products
  are developed

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Status of the project

• PDF A started on march 2006
• MSP drafted and ready for submission for GEF
  review
• Has undergone a review process from UNDP regional
  office based in Bratislava.

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Conclusions

• NC process can serve not only for reporting to
  the UNFCCCC but as a tool for integrating climate
  change concerns into national planning and
  development
• NC process helps to build capacities not only to
  conducting VA but to extending it up to the
  mainstreaming level
• NC process helps in raising public awareness and
  engage stakeholders which is critical to the
  success of climate change adaptation
  mainstreaming

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• Thank you
• For more information visit
• http//www.ccalb.org