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Hydro-electric power plant

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Hydro-electric power plant. Presented by:- 21. Kunal Kaklij. 22. Ritesh Kedare. 23. Kuldeep Kharjul. 24. Salman Khatik. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Hydro-electric power plant


1
Hydro-electric power plant
  • Presented by- 21. Kunal Kaklij.
  • 22. Ritesh
    Kedare.
  • 23.
    Kuldeep Kharjul.
  • 24. Salman
    Khatik.

2
What is Hydro-electricity?
  • Hydroelectricity is the term referring
    to electricity generated by hydropower the
    production of electrical power through the use of
    the gravitational force of falling or flowing
    water. It is the most widely used form
    of renewable energy.

3
History
  • In the mid-1770s, French engineer Bernard Forest
    de Belidor published Architecture Hydraulique
    which described vertical- and horizontal-axis
    hydraulic machines. In 1878 the world's first
    hydroelectric power scheme was developed at in
    Northumberland, England by William George
    Armstrong. It was used to power a single light
    bulb in his art gallery. The old Schoelkopf Power
    Station No. 1 near Niagara Falls in the U.S. side
    began to produce electricity in 1881.

4
Advantages and Disadvantages of Hydroelectricity
  • Advantages
  • The major advantage of hydroelectricity is
    elimination of the cost of fuel.
  • Reservoirs created by hydroelectric schemes often
    provide facilities for water sports, and become
    tourist attractions themselves.
  • In some countries, aquaculture in reservoirs is
    common.
  • Multi-use dams installed for irrigation support
    agriculture with a relatively constant water
    supply.
  • Large hydro dams can control floods, which would
    otherwise affect people living downstream of the
    project.

5
Disadvantages
  • Hydroelectric power stations that use dams would
    submerge large areas of land due to the
    requirement of a reservoir.
  • Hydroelectric projects can be disruptive to
    surrounding aquatic ecosystems both upstream and
    downstream of the plant site.
  • Generation of hydroelectric power changes the
    downstream river environment.
  • Water exiting a turbine usually contains very
    little suspended sediment, which can lead to
    scouring of river beds and loss of riverbanks.
  • Another disadvantage of hydroelectric dams is the
    need to relocate the people living where the
    reservoirs are planned.

6
Images Related to Hydro-electricity
Turbines row at L0s Nihuiles Power Station in
Mendoza, Argentina.
7
Hydro-electric Dam
Cross section of a conventional hydroelectric dam.
8
A typical turbine and generator
9
Sizes and capacities of hydro-electric facilities
The Three Gorges Dam is the largest operating
hydroelectric power station, at 22,500 MW.
10
The Hoover Dam in the United States is a large
conventional dammed-hydro facility, with an
installed capacity of 2,080 MW.
The Gordon Dam in Tasmania is a large hydro
facility, with an installed capacity of 430 MW.
11
Koyna Dam
  • The Koyna Dam is one of the largest dams in Mahara
    shtra, India. It is a rubble-concrete dam
    constructed on Koyna River which rises in
    Mahabaleshwar, a hill station in Sahyadri ranges.
    It is located in Koyna Nagar, Satara district,
    nestled in the Western Ghats on the state highway
    between Chiplun and Karad.
  • The main purpose of dam is to provide hydroelectri
    city with some irrigation in neighboring areas.
    Today the Koyna Hydroelectric Project is one of
    the largest hydroelectric project in India having
    a total installed capacity of 1,920 MW. Due to
    its electricity generating potential it is
    considered as the 'life line of Maharashtra'

12
  • The dam has contributed to earthquakes in the
    recent past, including the devastating 1967
    Koynanagar earthquake, resulting in the dam
    developing some cracks. After the
    disaster Grouting of the cracks was done. Also
    internal holes were drilled to relieve
    the hydrostatic pressures in the body of the dam.
  • In 1973 non overflow portion of the dam was
    strengthened followed by strengthening
    of spillway section in 2006. Now the Dam expected
    to be safe against any future earthquake even of
    more intensity than that of 1967.

13
  • The catchment area dams the Koyna river and forms
    the Shivasagar Lake which is approximately 50 km
    (31 mi) in length. It is one of the largest civil
    engineering projects commissioned after Indian
    independence. The Koyna hydro-electric project is
    run by the Maharashtra State Electricity Board.

Koyna Dam
14
World hydroelectric capacity
Country Annual hydroelectricproduction Installedcapacity Capacityfactor of totalcapacity
China 652.05 196.79 0.37 22.25
Canada 369.5 88.974 0.59 61.12
Brazil 363.8 69.080 0.56 85.56
United States 250.6 79.511 0.42 5.74
Russia 167.0 45.000 0.42 17.64
Norway 140.5 27.528 0.49 98.25
India 115.6 33.600 0.43 15.80
Venezuela 85.96 14.622 0.67 69.20
15
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