13 Fotos que hicieron Historia

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16 ?st?????? f?t???af?e?
S??t?µ? pe????af? t?? 16 f?t???af??? p?? ?µe??a?
st?? ?st???a.
2
? pe??f?µ? f?t???af?a t?? Ernesto Che Guevara
? ?se p?? pe?????feta? sa? ?
a?t??t?? ???a? eµfa???eta? µe µa??? µpe?? ?a
???t??e? st? ß???? se µ?a f?t???af?a t?? Alberto
Korda st?? 5 ?a?t??? t?? 60. ? ?se G???eß??a, 31
?????? t?te, pa?e???s??ta? se µ?a ??de?a t??
??µ?t?? ap? ?????? st? Coubre. ? f?t???af?a
d?µ?s?e?t??e 7 ?????a a???te?a. ??
??st?t??t? t????? t?? ?????a?t (???) t?? ???µase
t?? p?? d??s?µ? f?t???af?a ?a? ??af??? e????a
t?? 20?? a???a. ????µat?, ? f?t???af?a a?t?
?????f???se p????? f???? st?? ??sµ? ?a? ?e??e?ta?
sa? ??a ap? ta 10 ?a??te?a p??t??ta ???? t??
ep????. ???a? ??a pa???sµ??
s?µß??? t?? e???e?s?? ??a t?? a????p??e? a??e?
e???t?a st?? ????????? ad???a.
3
? Omayra Sanchez ?ta? ??a ????ts???
p?? p??a?e ?at? t? d????e?a t?? ??????? t??
?fa?ste??? Nevado del Ruiz, ? ?p??a ?at?st?e?e
t?? p??? t?? Armero st?? ????µß?a, t? 1985. ?
Omayra e??e ?????se? ??a t?e?? µ??e? st? ??sp?,
t? ?e??, ta pt?µata t?? s???e??? ?a? t??
s??t??µµ??? ap? t? sp?t? t??. ?ta? 13 et??.
?? d?as?ste? d?ap?st?sa? ?t? ?ta?
ad??at? ?a t? s?s???, ??at? ?a ?p?epe ?a t??
a???t????s??? ta p?d?a. ? ???? ep????? ?ta? ?a
???s?µ?p???s??? µ?a a?t??a-t???µp??a ??a ?a
ap????f?s??? t?? ?????d? ??sp?. ? µ??? d?a??s?µ?
a?t??a ?ta? p??? µa???? ?a? se ???? ???s?.
? Omayra ?ta? d??at? µ???? t?? te?e?ta?a
st??µ? t?? ???? t??. S?µf??a µe t??? d?as?ste?
?a? t??? d?µ?s?????f??? p?? ?ta? µa?? t?? ??a
t?e?? ?µ??e?, s?eft?ta? t?? ep?st??f? t?? st?
s???e?? ?a? t? p??asµa e?et?se?? t??. ???? st??
f?t????f? Frank Fournier, ? e????a t?? Omayra
ta??de?e se ??? t?? ??sµ? e???t??ta? t??
ad?af???a t?? ????µß?a??? ??ß????s?? st???
ap????, ?p????? ????µß?a???? (? ?p??a ad?af???a
de? ??e? a????e? p??? µ???? s?µe?a).
? f?t???af?a d?µ?s?e????e ?????? µ??e? µet? p??
p??a?e ? ?ea?? ??p??a. ?????? ß??p??? a?t? t??
e????a t?? 1985 ?? t?? a??? a?t?? p?? s?µe?a
ap??a???µe pa???sµ??p???s? t?? a????a?.
? a????a t?? Omayra
4
T??at?? st?? p??ta t?? pa??de?s??
??a f?t???af?a p?? t?aß??t??e
ap? t?? ?spa?? f?t????f? ?a? t?µ?µ??? µe ß?aße??
?????t?e? Javier Bauluz. ?e???e? d??
?spa???? t????ste? se µ?a pa?a??a ?a ???t????? t?
????? s?µa e??? ?a???µeta??st?. ?
e????a ?ta? µ???? µ?a? ???es?? s?et??? µe t??
e?s?d? pa????µ?? µeta?ast?? µ?s? t?? a?t?? t??
??t???? ????p??. ?ata?????e? t??
ad?af???a t?? p???t?? ??a t?? t?a??d?e? t??
?????. ?et? t? d?µ?s?e?s? t?? st?? La Vanguardia
?a? st??? New York Times, ???t???? ?a? s????a
?at????sa? t?? ?spa??a.
5
? µ???? ??p??a ap? t? ??et??µ
St?? 8 ??????? t?? 1972, ??a
µa??t??? ae??s??f?? t?? ??? ß?µß??d?se t??
p????sµ? t?? Trang Bang st? ??et??µ µe ?ap??µ. ?
Kim Phuc ?ta? e?e? µe t?? ???????e?? t??. ?e ta
????a t?? ?a ?a????ta?, t? e????????? ????ts?
?t?e?e µa????, µa?? µe ???a pa?d??. Se ??p??a
st??µ?, ta ????a t?? ????a?. ? f?t???af?a a?t?
t?aß??t??e e?e??? t? st??µ? ap? t?? d??s?µ?
f?t????f? Nick Ut.   ? Kim ?µe??e
st? ??s???µe?? 14 µ??e?. ?p?ß?????e se 17
e??e???se?? ??a t?? pa?a???? µ?s?e?µ?t??
d??µat??. ?p???? ß??pe? a?t? t? f?t???af?a µp??e?
?a de? t?? ??tas? t?? ape?p?s?a? ?a? t??
a????p???? p???? p?? d?µ?????e?ta? ap? t???
p???µ??? (p?? a??µa µa????ta? st? ?f?a??st??, t??
?setse??a, t?? ????µß?a, t? ??????, t? ????, t??
?ate??µe?? ?a?a?st??? ?a? t? S?µa??a), ?d?a?te?a
t?? ep?pt?se?? sta pa?d?? ?a? t?? ???a??e?.
S?µe?a, ? Pham Thi Kim Phuc, t? µ????
????ts? st? f?t???af?a, e??a? pa?t?eµ??? µe d??
pa?d??. ?e? st?? ?a?ad?, ?p?? p??ed?e?e? st?
?d??µa Kim Phuc t?? ?p???? ap?st??? e??a? ?a
ß????se? ta pa?d?? ??µata t?? p???µ??. ???a?
ep?s?? p??sße??a t?? UNESCO. 
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??t??es? st?? Sa?????
? s??ta?µat????? s??t?se t??
??at??µe??. ??? s??t?sa t?? s??ta?µat???? µe t?
f?t???af??? µ?? µ??a??, e?pe ? Eddie Adams, ?
f?t????f?? t?? p???µ?? p?? t??ß??e a?t? t?
st??µ??t?p?. ? f?t???af?a de???e?
t?? e? ????? d???f???a e??? a?t??t? ??et?????
st?? 1 Feß???a???? 1968 ap? t?? ep??efa??? t??
ast???µ?a? t?? Saigon. ?a ????a t?? ??et?????
?ta? deµ??a p?s? ap? t?? p??t? t?? ?ta?
p???ß??????e ap? ???t??? ap?stas?.
? Adams, ? ?p???? ?ta? a?tap????t?? se 13
p???µ???, ???d?se ??a ??aße?? ?????t?e? ??a a?t?
t?? e????a. ?p??e?s???e t?s? s??a?s??µat??? ap?
t? ?e?????, p?? ???a?e ep???e?µa.
7
? ?f?a?? ??p??a
? Gharbat Gula f?t???af????e ?ta?
?ta? 12 ap? t? f?t????f? Steve McCurry, t??
?????? t?? 1984, st? st?at?ped? p??sf???? Nasir
Bagh t?? ?a??st?? ?at? t? d????e?a t?? e???e?s??
e???t?a st? s?ß?et??? e?sß???. ?? p??t??t? t??
?ta? e??f???? t?? National Geographic t?? ??????
t?? 1985, ???? t?? e?f?ast???? p??s?p?? t?? µe ta
p??s??a µ?t?a. Ost?s?, e?e??? t?? ep???, ?a?e??
de? ??e?e t? ???µa t?? ????ts???.
? f?t????f?? p??ase 17 ?????a ??????ta? ??a t?
????ts?. ??a?e p???? ta??d?a st?? pe????? µ????
p??, t?? ?a??????? t?? 2002, t?? ß???e. ?ta? 30
et?? pa?t?eµ??? ???a??a µe t??a pa?d??. ?e????
a?a?????e t? ???µ? t??. ? Gharbat Gula ep?st?e?e
st? ?f?a??st?? t? 1992, ?p?? ?e? se ??a
ap?µa???sµ??? ?????. ?a?e?? de?
t?? f?t????f?se p?t? p??? t?? McCurry ?a? de?
??e?e ?t? t? p??s?p? t?? e??e ???e? d??s?µ?. ?
ta?t?t?ta t?? ???a??a? ep?ßeßa?????e ?at? 99,9
µ?s? t?? te???????a? a?a?????s?? p??s?p?? p??
???s?µ?p??e?ta? ap? t? FBI ?a? ?????? ap? t??
s?????s? t?? ???da? t?? µat??? st?? d??
f?t???af?e?.
8
??a f??? st?? Times Square
? ?p??a??et?ste t?? p??eµ?
f?t???af?a, t?aß??t??e ap? t?? Victor Jorgensen
st?? Times Square t?? ??a? ??????, st?? 14
?????st?? 1945. ?p????µe ?a d??µe ??a? ?µe???a??
?a?t? ?a f???e? µe p???? µ?a ??s???µa. ??t??eta
µe a?t? p?? p?ste???? p?????, ta d?? a?t? ?t?µa
de? ???????ta? µeta?? t??? a??? ?ta? pe?ast????
?a? ap??? s??a?t????a? e?e? p??a . ?
f?t???af?a, ? e????a, de???e? t?? a?ta????as?
t?? e????s?asµ?? ?a? t?? p????? t?? ep?st??f??
st?? pat??da (st? sp?t?) µet? ap? µ?a µa???
ap??s?a, ?a? ? ?a?? p?? ????a??e? st? t???? t??
p???µ?? .
9
? ????st?? epa?ast?t??
? ????st?? epa?ast?t?? ?ta? t?
pa?ats????? p?? d????e st?? a????µ? ??d?a p??
????e d?e???? ???st?? ??a t?? f?t???af?a t??
µp??st? se µ?a f??a??a a?µ?t?? µ???? ?at? t?
d????e?a t?? e???e?s?? st?? p?ate?a ??e?a?µ?? t?
1989 st?? ???a. ? f?t???af?a t?aß??t??e ap? t??
Jeff Widener. ? ?????p?? fa??eta? ?a staµat?e?
t?? p????as? t?? a?µ?t?? ?a? ? e????a t??
?????f???se se ??? t?? ??sµ?.  St?? ???a, ?
e????a ???s?µ?p??????e ap? t?? ??ß????s? ?? ??a
s?µß??? t?? s?µp???a? t?? st?at??t?? t?? ?a????
?pe?e??e??t???? St?at?? ??a t?? ???e???? ?a? ?a?
t?? ep???µ?a t??? ?a t?? p??state?se?.
?a?? t?? d?ata??? ?a p??????se?, ? ?d???? t??
??µat?? a??????e ?a t? p???e?.
10
S??p??? d?aµa?t???a
? Thich Quang Duc ?e??????e t?
1897. ?ta? ??a? ??et?aµ???? ß??d?st?? µ??a???
(???µ??eta? ep?s?? ?a? bonze) p?? a?t?p??p??????e
se ??a? p???s???ast? d??µ? st? Sa????? st?? 11
???????, 1963. ? ??s?a t?? - p?? epa?a??f???e ap?
?????? µ??a???? - ?µe??e a???ast?. ?a??? st?
s?µß?? ?ta? ? David Halberstam. ?a??? t? s?µa t??
µ??a??? ?a???ta?, a?t?? ?µe??e a????t??. ?e?
???a?e. ?e? ?ß?a?e ?a? ??a? ??? .
? Thich Quang Duc d?aµa?t???ta? e???t?a t?? t??p?
p?? ? ?p?st?????µe?? ap? t?? ??? ??ß????s? t??
??t??? ??et??µ ???s?µ?p????se t?? ???d?sµ? ??a ?a
ep?t??e? t??? st????? t??. ?et? t? ???at? t??, t?
s?µa t?? ap?tef?????e s?µf??a µe t? ß??d?st???
pa??d?s?. ?at? t? d????e?a t?? ?a?s?? t?? s????
t??, ? ?a?d?? t?? pa??µe??e ape??a?t?. ? Thich
?e??????e ????? ?a? ? ?a?d?? t?? f???sseta? ??
?e??a?? st?? ?e?t???? ???pe?a t?? ??et??µ.
??t? e??a? ? ?????a t?? ????? a?t???s?a, t??
?p??a, se a?t??es? µe t? s??ft??ta? ?? ?????p??,
de? d?ap??tte? ??p???? sa? a?t??t???a, a??? sa?
??s?a t?? ea?t?? t?? ??a µ?a p???t???
d?aµa?t???a.
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? ?aµp??? f?t????f?? Kevin Carter
???d?se t? ß?aße?? Pulitzer µe µ?a f?t???af?a
t?aß??µ??? se ??a µ???? ????? st? S??d?? st??
pe????? t?? Ayod. ? f?t???af?a
????se ??? t?? ??sµ?. ?e???e? ??a ape?p?sµ???
????ts???, te?e??? ad??at?sµ???, ?ap??µ??? st?
??µa, e?a?t??µ??? ap? t?? pe??a ?a? sta p?????a
t?? ?a??t??, e?? st? ß????, ? µa??? s?????ta e???
??pa ?a pa?a??????e? ?a? ?a pe??µ??e? t? ???at?
t??. ??sse??? µ??e? a???te?a,
s???????sµ???? ap? t?? e???? ?a? ??t? ap? t??
?s???? e???t?s? ap? ta ?a???t???, ? Kevin Carter
a?t??t???se. ? ??de?a p??
pa???s???eta? st? f?t???af?a e??a? t? ?µes?
ap?t??esµa t?? s??e???? a??µ???? t?? d?t????
????? d???µe?? st? S??d?? ??a ?a a?p????? ta
p???t? t??. O? ap?t??esµa a?t?? t?? ?e????t?? ?a?
t?? a?ap?te?esµat???t?ta? ?a? t?? d?af????? t??
t?p???? a?t?d?????s??, ?? S??da??? pe?a????? ap?
t?? pe??a se µ?a ???a p?? ?e??e?ta? ?? ? p??
p???s?a st?? ?f???? ap? t?? ?p??? t?? ?e????a?.
???? t?? ???at?
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? µ???a?a pt?s?
? ??t?a? p?? p?fte? e??a? ?
t?t??? µ?a? f?t???af?a? p?? t??ß??e ? Richard
Drew st?? 11 Septeµß???? t?? 2001, ?at? t?
d????e?a t?? ep???se?? st??? d?d?µ??? p?????? t??
?a???sµ??? ???t??? ?µp????? st? 94115 t? p???.
St?? e????a ß??p??µe ??a? ?????p? p?? p?fte? ap?
t??? p??????. ?? ?a p?d??e?, ?? a?t??, ?ta?
µ????? ? ep????? t?? se ??a? ??????? ?a? ß?a??
a?t? e??? a???? ?a??t?? ap? e??a?µata ?a?
asf???a. ? d?µ?s?e?s? a?t?? t??
f?t???af?a? aµ?s?? µet? t?? ep???se?? e?????se
???sµ??a tµ?µata t?? aµe???a????? ??????. ?a
pe??ss?te?a µ?sa µa????? e??µ???s?? a??????a? ?a
s?µpe????ß??? a?t?? t?? e????a st?? e?d?se??
t???, p??t?µ??ta? ?a de????? f?t???af?e? p??
ape????????? p???e?? ????sµ?? ?a? ??s?a?. ?e?????
?????p?? p??spa???? ?a a?a?a?????? t?? ta?t?t?ta
a?t?? t?? a????p??. ? f?t???af?a de???e?
t? p?s? ad??aµ?? ?a? e???a?st?? e??a? ? ?????p??.
13
? t?a?µat?sµ???? st?at??t??
?at? t? d????e?a µ?a? e???e?s?? st? Puerto
Cabello t?? ?e?e?????a?, t? 1962 - ??a epe?s?d??
???st? ?? Porteñazo - ? d??tat????? ??ß????s?
?at?ste??e ß?a?a t??? a?t??te?. ?
e????a de???e? t?? ef?µ???? Luis Maria Padilla ?a
??at?e? ??a? p????µ??? st?at??t? st?? a??a???
t??. ??? ? ?e??a? p??spa???se ?a t?? s???se? ?
st?at??t?? µet? ß?a? ?a µp????se ?a pe? p?te?
ß????s? µe p??? ?a?ap???ß????e?.
??t? ? f?t???af?a ????se ??? t?? ??sµ? ?a? p??e
µ??? t?? t? ß?aße?? ?????t?e? f?t???af?a?
pa???sµ??? t?p??. ? t?a????? ???at?? a?t??
t?? ?t???? st?at??t? ap?de????e? ?t? ??
st?at??te? t?? ??ß????s?? (?a? ?? a?t??te?
ep?s??) p???????? p??ta t? ßa?? t?µ?µa. ??? ?
?????sa t???.
14
? a???a? t?? a?t?µ???? ?e?????
??t? ?
f?t???af?a ap? t?? Luiz Vasconcelos ???d?se ??a
ß?aße?? sta at?µ??? t?? World Press Photo st??
?at?????a Ge???? ??a, t? 2009.
?e???e? µ?a ???a??a µe t? pa?d? t?? ?a p??spa?e?
?a a?t?sta?e? st? d????µ? ap? t?? ast???µ?a sta
pe?????a t?? ?a????? t?? ??a????a? t?? ?µa??????.
?pe??????e? t?? a???a t?? a?t?µ???? ??d?????
a???t?? e???t?a st??? ?e????? ?a???t?µ??e?.
???a? t??µa?t??? ?a de?te t?? e????a
?a? ?a s?efte?te t?? ???????e?a ?a? ta pa?d??.
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??t? ap t?? da????e? t?? µp????t??a?
 ? Rachel Corrie Aliene ?ta? µ?a
?µe???a??da µ???? t?? ??e????? ????µat??
?????e????? (ISM). Ge??????e st?? 10 ?p??????
1979, ?a? d???f??????e st?? 16 ???t? t?? 2003.
?sa??st??e µ???? ?a??t?? st? ????da t?? G??a? ap?
µp????t??a t?? ?s?a?????? st?at??, e?? ?ta?
???at?st? µp??st? st? sp?t? e??? ?a?a?st?????,
?e?t??????ta? sa? a????p??? asp?da, se µ?a
p??sp??e?a ?a p????ße? t?? ?ated?f?s? t?? sp?t???
ap? t?? ?s?a?????? d???µe?? ?at????.  
?? f?t???af?e? t?? ape????????? p??? ?a? µet?
t?? e? ????? d???f???a t??. ? e?p??s?p?? t??
?s?a?????? st?at?? ?at???? d???se ?t? ? ???at??
?fe??eta? st?? pe?????sµ??? ?pt??? ????a t??
?d???? t?? µp????t??a? Caterpillar D9, e??
a?t?pte? µ??t??e? t?? ??e????? ????µat??
a????e????? d???sa? ?t? de? ?p???e t?p?ta p?? ?a
eµp?d??e? t?? ??at?t?ta t?? ?d????.
F??t?t??a st? Evergreen State College, ? ???tse?
e??e p??e? ??a ?t?? a?aß??? sp??d?? ?a? ta??de?e
st? ????da t?? G??a? ??a ?a ?ata???se? t??
a???e?a t?? ?s?a???-pa?a?st???a??? s??????s??, ?
?p??a s???? ?a??pt??ta?. ??t? ? ?ea?? 24?????
µ??t??a? ap?de????e? ?t? ta f?s??? a??p?ta?ta
p?e?µata t?? ap??? aµe???a????? ?a?? e???t?a
st?? d???µe?? t?? ?a??? e??a? ???ta?? ?a?
pa???ta.
16
? p?ts?????? p?? ta ß??e? µe t? ta??
??a? ?a?a?st????? p?ts??????
a?t?µet?p??e? ??a ?s?a????? ??µa µ???? t??
st?at?? ?at???? st?? ?a?a?st??? - f?t???af?a ?
?p??a t?aß??t??e st? de?aet?a t?? 1990 st??
?ate??µe?? ??t??? ???? ap? ????st? f?t????f?.
??t? ? f?t???af?a de???e? t?? ????a a?t?stas?
e??? ????????? p????sµ?? p?? ste?e?ta?
?p?st??????, p?? a?t?µet?p??e? µ?a ß??ßa?? ?at???
t?? ???a? t??. ???eta? ?t? ? ?a?a?st??? e??a?
?s?? ? µ??ad??? ???a st?? 21? a???a p??
e?a??????e? ?µesa ?a ep???e?ta?. O? e? t??t??,
??e? ???e? ? µe?a??te?? a????t? f??a?? st?? ??sµ?
ap? t?te p?? ?ata??f???e ap? t??? ?s?a???????
ep?????? t? 1948
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? te?e?ta?a f?t???af?a
?e????? ?????p?? p?ste????
st? Te?, ????? ???, a??? p??pe? ?a s?eft??µe ?a?
?a ?a?as?eft??µe p?s? µ????? e?µaste µp??st? st??
d???µe?? t?? f?s??. ??t? ?
f?t???af?a t?aß??t??e st?? a?t?? t?? ??s???
S??µ?t?a t?? ??d???s?a? ?at? t? d????e?a t??
?atast?ept???? ts????µ?, µe ??µata ?a µet?????ta?
µ???? ?a? 20µ. ????. ? e????a
ß?????e e??µ?s? µ??a a???te?a se µ?a ??f?a??
f?t???af??? µ??a??. ?p????
t??ß??e a?t? t?? f?t???af?a, ????? aµf?ß???a,
?pa?e ?a ?e? µe???? de?te???epta µet? t? p?t?µa
t?? ???µp??? t?? µ????? µ??a??? t??. !!
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?a?a?a?? p?????ste a?t?? t?? pa???s?as? st???
f????? sa? a? ?e??e?te ?t? ????? ?????p?? ap?
d?af??et???? ???e? ?a µp????sa? ?a e??a? ad??f?a
sa?.
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?e?te st?? ?st?se??dahttp//en.wikipedia.org/wi
ki/World_Press_Photo