Preliminary Technology Needs Assessment in Bolivia Javier Hanna Climate Change National Program

1
Preliminary Technology Needs Assessment in
Bolivia Javier HannaClimate Change National
Program
UNFCCC /UNDP Meeting on Methodologies for
Technology Needs Assessments Seoul Republic of
Korea, 23 - 25 April 2002
2
Background

• Article 4.5 of the UNFCCC developed country
  Parties shall take all practicable steps to
  promote, facilitate and finance, as appropiate,
  the transfer of, or access to, environmentally
  sound technologies and know-how to other Parties,
  particularly developing country Parties, to
  enable them to implement the provisions of the
  Convention
• Achieving the ultimate objective of the UNFCCCC,
  will require technological innovation and the
  rapid and widespread transfer and implementation
  of technologies and know-how for mitigation of
  greenhouse gas emissions.
• The transfer of technology for adaptation is also
  very important element of reducing vulnerability
  to climate change, which is a key element for
  developing countries, specially for those most
  vulnerable.

3
TT from the perspective of Bolivia

• Bolivia through the Climate Change National
  Program (CCNP), has developed concrete actions to
  meet its commitments under UNFCCC (National
  Action Plan on CC, National Implementation
  Strategy, First National Communication, GHG
  Emissions Inventories).
• One of the next important steps followed was a
  preliminary Technology Needs Assessment for
  Climate Change in Bolivia Energy, Industrial
  Processes and Land Use Change Forestry Sectors
  (GEF support).
• The assessment has permited to define priority
  sectors, compile technology information, select
  technology priorities, assess barriers and gaps,
  and evaluate possible ways to overcome these
  barriers.

4
Technology Needs Assessment Country-driven
Process
Sustainable Development Goals
National or sectoral strategies, programs and
plans
National Consultations Reviews
Compiling Technology Information
Identification of national key organizations and
experts
Consultations
Technology Needs Assessment
Identification of Barriers
Further actions
5
Sources of Information
National Mitigation Analysis (Energy, Forestry
and Agriculture sectors). Sectoral and National P
lans (Energy and Forestry sectors).
Stakeholder consultations government agencies
and programs, private programs (clean
technology), industries (many subsectors),
national chambers of industries and bussiness
asociations, academic institutions.
IPCC Special Report Methodological and
Technological Issues in Technology Transfer.
6
Compiling and Supplementing Technology Information
Identification of alternative technologies for
each subsectors (international and national
sources). Analysis of benefits of the technologie
s (international and national sources).
Analysis of implementation potential (national
sources). In select subsectors and select technol
ogies analysis of climate response potential.
Technology performance and costs (international
sources).
7
Compiling and Supplementing Technology Information

• Country experiences and available information on
  environmentally sound technologies (national
  sources).
  
• Planned national or sectoral strategies, programs
  and plans promoting new technologies
  implementation (national sources).
  
• Analysis of Implementation Barriers for each
  subsector (national sources).
  
• Analysis of Implementation Barriers for selected
  technologies (national sources).
  

8
Identification of National Key Organizations and
Experts - Consultations
The national team (part of CCNP) was responsible
of gather information, make a review process of
informations quality, identify key
organizations and experts, and make
consultations. For some key particular sectors (
e.g. cement industry, co-generation initiatives,
forestry sector) - primary data collection, field
trips, discussions in place, analysis of
priorities and barriers, analysis of previous
environmental and energy assessments.
Barriers were identified mainly in the
consultations process with directly involved
stakeholders and organizations.
The review process of technology needs
assessment, was done by key sectoral experts and
the Climate Change Inter-institutional Council.
9
Gathering Information from the Public Entities
and Domestic Industries

• Bolivia addressed this challenge using many
  ways
  
• Direct official approach.
• Through Climate Change Inter-institutional
  Council.
  
• Direct approach through industry groups.
• Personal approach (members of the CCNP team).
• Approach through experts.
• Many times helpful information can only be found
  in particular governmental agencies, industry
  groups or firms. Access to these information is
  in many cases very difficult.

10
Technology Transfer Oportunities

• Were identified many technologies with potential
  to transfer in Bolivia
  
• Energy Sector Fuel switching, CFLs, Renewable
  sources, Improvement in thermal and electric
  processes (energy management), Biomass fuels,
  Maintenance systems, Good practice in processes,
  Combined cycles, Co-generation, etc.
• Industrial Processes Sector Recovery systems,
  Improvement in equipments, kilns and reservoirs,
  Introduction of advanced kilns and ovens, etc.
  
• Forestry sector Improvement of silvicultural
  practices, Sustainable harvest and management
  practices, Protected area management systems,
  Susbtitution of fossil fuels in forestry
  practices, etc.

11
Energy Sector
Renewable sources
Minihydro power plants
Compressed natural gas
Efficient biomass use
12
Barriers to the Transfer of Technology

• Lack of financial institutions or systems.
• Lack of supporting institutions and legal
  frameworks.
  
• Inability to assess, select and adapt appropiate
  technologies.
  
• Lack of information and management experience.
• Lack of awareness and acceptance of
  technologies.
  
• Lack of confidence in the economic, commercial,
  or technical viability of technologies.
  
• Lack of information on current or planned donor
  activities.
  
• Lack of science, engineering and technical
  knowledge available to industries.
  
• High transaction costs.
• Cultural and social national circumstances.

13
Some ways to overcome barriers in the Transfer of
Technology

• Create systems for direct TT finacial support.
• Create incentives for investing in EST.
• Build human and institutional capacities.
• Integrate human skills, organizational
  development and information networks.
  
• Increase the capacity of social organizations,
  NGOs, regulatory agencies and financial
  institutions.
  
• Targeted pilot projects and demonstrations.
• Conduct education and outreach campaigns.
• Identification of donor activities and
  dissemination of this information.
  
• Support to public and wide access to the TT
  information creation of information networks.

14
Challenge of Effective International Coordination

• Bolivia has conducted an early process to Assess
  its Technology Transfer Needs, based exclusively
  on national capacities.
  
• To gaining access to useful information on
  technology transfer oportunities, it would be
  helpful strenght international cordination
  
• UNFCCC, international bussiness community,
  bilateral and multilateral donors developing
  countries.
  
• Find possible ways to make available information
  of developing countries in their advances of
  Technology Transfer Needs, at the international
  levels.

15
Challenge of Effective International Coordination

• Needs of methodologies, analytical tools,
  guidance and information of country experiences
  to assess Technology Transfer Needs.
  
• Regional workshops training workshops.
• More attention and work is needed in reference to
  adaptation technologies.
  
• More information is needed for other sectors
  forestry, agriculture, waste.

16
Challenge of Effective International Coordination
Bolivia has initiated a new cycle in the
Assessment of Technology Transfer Needs, with the
support of the CTI Conducted a first national ro
undtable to asses technolgy needs, based on the
preliminary analysis - New roundtables in other
main cities. - Development of national Action P
lan on TT. - Selection of 3 technologies and/or
subsectors for in-depth analysis (possible
case studies). - Confirmation of needs of a cou
ntry-driven process and enhancement of national
capacities.
17
Climate Change National Program of Bolivia
Contact address Javier Hanna jhanna_at_coord.rds.o
rg.bo Tel. / fax [phone] La Paz BOLIVI
A
http//www.snids.gov.bo/pncc