Density

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Density

• Mass per unit volume of a substance

2

• Density the amount of matter in a given space,
  or volume.
• Density Mass/Volume

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Physical Properties
Extensive physical properties depend on the
amount (extent) of matter present Examples
length, volume and mass Intensive physical
properties are intrinsic (fundamental) and do not
depend on the amount of material
present Examples color, malleability,
ductility, boiling point Can be used to identify
a substance
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Is density an extensive or intensive property?
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Density

• May change at higher temperatures
• Unit of density is grams/cubic centimeter or
  g/cm3
• Unique so can be used to identify matter

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Review

• Mass the amount of matter in an object
• Volume the amount of space an object takes up
• Density Mass
• Volume
• Remember Density will break your heart

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Density of a rectangular solid

1. Using the metric ruler, measure length, width and
   height of the object
2. Find the mass of the solid.
3. Use the formula Volume length x width x
   height
4. Density mass/volume

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Displacementdensity of an irregular object

• Find the mass of the object.
• Place some water in the graduated cylinder and
  record the volume.
• Carefully add the object.
• Read the new volume.
• Subtract the old volume from the new volume.
• Density mass/volume

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Density of Liquids

1. Immiscible liquids that are insoluble in one
   another
2. Density of water 1 g/cm3
3. To determine
4. Find the mass of the empty graduated cylinder
5. Find the mass of the graduate liquid
6. 2 - 1 mass of liquid
7. Read the volume of the liquid
8. Density mass/volume

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Section 2 Physical Properties
Chapter 2
Physical Properties, continued

• Using Density to Identify Substances Look at the
  table below to compare densities of several
  common substances.

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Section 2 Physical Properties
Chapter 2
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Section 2 Physical Properties
Chapter 2
Physical Properties, continued

• Liquid Layers The graduated cylinder below
  contains six liquids. Each liquid is a different
  density so the liquids form layers.
• Density of Solids Knowing thedensity of a
  substance can alsotell you what kind
  ofsubstance it is.

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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 2
1. What could you use to tell pyrite (fools
gold) and gold apart? A volume B density C mass D
state
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 2
1. What could you use to tell pyrite (fools
gold) and gold apart? A volume B density C mass D
state
15
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 2
2. What do you think would happen if you placed a
nugget of pyrite into a beaker of mercury? F The
pyrite would sink. G The pyrite would dissolve. H
The mercury and the pyrite would react. I The
pyrite would float.
16
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 2
2. What do you think would happen if you placed a
nugget of pyrite into a beaker of mercury? F The
pyrite would sink. G The pyrite would dissolve. H
The mercury and the pyrite would react. I The
pyrite would float.
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 2
3. If a nugget of pyrite and a nugget of gold
each have a mass of 50 g, what can you conclude
about the volume of each nugget? A The volume of
pyrite isgreater than the volume of gold. B The
volume of pyrite isless than the volume of
gold. C The volumes of thesubstances are
equal. D There is not enoughinformation to
determine the answer.
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 2
3. If a nugget of pyrite and a nugget of gold
each have a mass of 50 g, what can you conclude
about the volume of each nugget? A The volume of
pyrite isgreater than the volume of gold. B The
volume of pyrite isless than the volume of
gold. C The volumes of thesubstances are
equal. D There is not enoughinformation to
determine the answer.
19
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 2
4. Which substance has the lowest density? F
helium G pyrite H mercury I gold
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 2
4. Which substance has the lowest density? F
helium G pyrite H mercury I gold
21
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 2
1. Imagine that you have discovered a new
element, and you want to find its density. It has
a mass of 78.8 g and a volume of 8 cm3. To find
the density of the element, you must divide the
elements mass by its volume. What is the density
of the element? A 0.102 g/cm3 B 0.98 g/cm3 C 9.85
g/cm3 D 630.4 g/cm3
22
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 2
1. Imagine that you have discovered a new
element, and you want to find its density. It has
a mass of 78.8 g and a volume of 8 cm3. To find
the density of the element, you must divide the
elements mass by its volume. What is the density
of the element? A 0.102 g/cm3 B 0.98 g/cm3 C 9.85
g/cm3 D 630.4 g/cm3
23
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 2
2. Many soft drinks come in bottles that contain
about 590 mL. If the density of a soft drink is
1.05 g/mL, what is the mass of the drink? F
0.0018 g G 498.2 g H 561.9 g I 619.5 g
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 2
2. Many soft drinks come in bottles that contain
about 590 mL. If the density of a soft drink is
1.05 g/mL, what is the mass of the drink? F
0.0018 g G 498.2 g H 561.9 g I 619.5 g
25
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 2
3. If you have 150 g of pure gold and the density
of gold is 19.32 g/cm3 , what is the volume of
your gold nugget? A 2.898 cm3 B 7.76 cm3 C 0.98
cm3 D 0.13 cm3
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Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 2
3. If you have 150 g of pure gold and the density
of gold is 19.32 g/cm3 , what is the volume of
your gold nugget? A 2.898 cm3 B 7.76 cm3 C 0.98
cm3 D 0.13 cm3
27
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 2
4. Three objects have a mass of 16 g each. But
their volumes differ. Object A, a liquid, has a
volume of 1.2 mL. Object B, a solid, has a volume
of 3.2 cm3. Object C, another solid, has a volume
of 1.9 cm3. Which object is the least dense? F
object A G object B H object C I There is not
enough information to determine the answer.
28
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 2
4. Three objects have a mass of 16 g each. But
their volumes differ. Object A, a liquid, has a
volume of 1.2 mL. Object B, a solid, has a volume
of 3.2 cm3. Object C, another solid, has a volume
of 1.9 cm3. Which object is the least dense? F
object A G object B H object C I There is not
enough information to determine the answer.