Vowels - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Vowels

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Vowels Traditional Classification Traditional Vowel Classification Classify vowels according to: Tongue movement Lip rounding tension Tongue Movement Involves 2 ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Vowels


1
Vowels
  • Traditional Classification

2
Traditional Vowel Classification
  • Classify vowels according to
  • Tongue movement
  • Lip rounding
  • tension

3
Tongue Movement
  • Involves 2 dimensions
  • Tongue advancement (horizontal movement)
  • front to back advancement -- horizontal
  • Tongue height (vertical movement)
  • low to high height -- vertical

4
Front-Back (advancement)
  • Front vowels tongue in front most of
    resonating cavity in back of mouth
  • Central vowels half of resonating cavity in
    front half in back
  • Back vowels tongue in back resonating cavity
    in front of mouth

5
High-Low (Height)
  • High vowels tongue at highest position
  • Mid vowels tongue at mid position
  • Low vowels tongue at lowest position

6
Advancement Height 9 position
  • Front low
  • Central mid
  • Back high

7
9 logical positions
  • Advancement Height Vowels
  • Front high ?, ?
  • Front mid ?, ? 5 FRONT
  • Front low ? VOWELS
  • Central high none
  • Central mid ?, ?, ? 4 CENTRAL
  • Central low ? VOWELS
  • Back high ?, ?
  • Back mid ?, ? 5 BACK
  • Back low ? VOWELS

8
Front Vowels
  • ? front, high, tense, unround
  • Air passes over tense part of tongue teeth are
    almost closed
  • Often substituted in final unstressed syllable
    b???
  • ? front, high, lax, unround
  • Used in stressed or unstressed syllable
  • Often substitute ? for ? in foreign dialects,
    EX. b??? ???? busy

9
Front Vowels
  • ? front, mid, tense, unround
  • When elongated, is a diphthong ??
  • ? front, mid, lax, unround
  • Shorter in duration than ?
  • Combines with r to get ?r
  • ? front, low, neutral tension, unround
  • Lowest of front vowels
  • Tongue low and flat
  • Mouth open more than for any other vowel
  • Often nasalized

10
Central Vowels
  • More difficult to teach because there is a lot of
    variation in central tongue positioning.
  • ? central, mid, lax, neutral lip rounding
  • Used in unstressed words in weak or connected
    speech
  • ????
  • Often interchanged with ? in unstressed
    syllables ????? ????? heaven
  • ? central, low, tense, neutral lip rounding
  • Always occurs in stressed syllables ???

11
Central Vowels
  • ? central, mid, tense, neutral lip rounding
  • Stressed vocalic r ??? and ???
  • ? central, mid, lax, neutral lip rounding
  • Unstressed vocalic r
  • Most often in final positions ????

12
Central Vowels
  • ? and ? These 2 vowels are r colored
    vowels
  • difficult to teach
  • Often misarticulated
  • Both have retroflex
  • Tongue-tip is curled or pulled back
  • Tongue is arched in middle
  • ????? stress depends on forcefulness,
    duration, and amplitude

13
Back Vowels
  • All back vowels are found and arching of tongue
    is more prominent in the back of the mouth
  • ? back, high, tense, round
  • Is the highest and most rounded of back vowels
  • Mouth opening is narrower than for any other
    vowel
  • j often accompanies u ? juz uz kjut
    kut
  • Easier to teach because of its distinctive
    features
  • ? back, high, lax, round
  • Lips arent as round as u

14
Back Vowels
  • ? back, mid, tense, round
  • Lips are completely rounded muscles are tense
  • o glides easily into diphthong ??
  • Diphthong occurs in accented syllables usually in
    final position ????? ???
  • ? back, mid, lax, round
  • More prominent in Northeastern dialects not
    common in Southern dialects frequently collapses
    to ? in Southern dialects. EX. caught k ?t
    cot k ?t
  • ? back, low, neutral in tension, round
  • Very little rounding
  • Tongue is relaxed and mouth is in smiling-like
    position
  • cot k ?t tot t??
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