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SLEEP

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SLEEP EEG Patterns: Measuring Brain Activity The Stages of Sleep: Slow Wave Sleep (SWS) STAGE 1: Drowsy; alpha activity; easily awakened STAGE 2: Sleep spindles ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: SLEEP


1
SLEEP
2
EEG Patterns Measuring Brain Activity
3
The Stages of Sleep Slow Wave Sleep (SWS)
  • STAGE 1 Drowsy alpha activity easily awakened
  • STAGE 2 Sleep spindles sound asleep, but easily
    awakened
  • STAGE 3 Delta Waves (20-50 of record) hard to
    wake up decrease in blood pressure, body temp,
    muscle tone, heart rate
  • STAGE 4 Deep Sleep almost continuous Delta
    Waves difficult to wake up seldom move

4
The Stages of Sleep REM Sleep
  • Rapid Eye Movements
  • Vivid Dreaming
  • Paradoxical Sleep Brain Wave Patterns look
    alert Theta Wave Spikes in record
  • Complete loss of muscle tone

5
The Sleep Cycle
6
Theories of REM Sleep Dreaming
  • Freudian Theory (Manifest vs. Latent Content)
  • Activation-Synthesis Theory (Cortex tries to make
    sense of random brain activity)
  • Neurocognitive Theory (Dreams are the result of
    thinking under unusual circumstances)

7
Why Do We Sleep?
  • We dont really know, but some theories
  • Brain Development Solidify information from the
    day
  • Repair Restoration Theory Restore homeostasis
    to brain chemistry
  • Evolutionary or Energy Conservation Theory We
    sleep to conserve energy avoid danger

8
Effects of Sleep Deprivation
  • No major effects up until 24 hours
  • Depression, lethargy, decline on task
    performance, especially vigilance tasks
  • Prolonged deprivation (gt120 hours) can lead to
    hallucinations psychotic behavior
  • Repeated REM deprivation leads to irritability
  • Metabolic processes remain largely unaffected

9
Sleep Disorders
  • Insomnia
  • Narcolepsy
  • Cataplexy
  • Sleep Apnea
  • Night Terrors, Sleep Walking
  • Periodic Limb Movement Disorder
  • (Restless Leg Syndrome)

10
Routes to Altered States of Consciousness
  • Drugs
  • Meditation
  • Hypnosis
  • Nonchemical Environmental Pathways

11
Sensory Deprivation Studies
12
Sensory Deprivation Studies
13
R.E.S.T Restricted Environmental Stimulation
Technique
14
R.E.S.T Restricted Environmental Stimulation
Technique
15
Sweat Lodges
Navajo Sweat Lodge
Crow Sweat Lodge
16
Factors that May be Operating in Extreme or
Unusual Environments
Intense or Novel Sensory Stimulation
Trauma from Accidents
Weightlessness, Pressure Changes
Extreme Temperatures or Hypothermia
Restricted Vision, Hearing, Smell
Lack of Social Stimulation
Monotonous Sensory Stimulation from Landscapes
or Seascapes
17
The Sensed Presence
A perception or feeling that another Person is
present, usually to help.
Can range from a vague feeling to A flesh blood
entity
May be a god, spirit, ancestor, Or person known
to observer.
18
Why Does a Sensed Presence Appear?
  • Motion of Boats
  • Atmospheric/Geomagnetic Activity
  • Changes in brain chemistry triggered by
  • Stress
  • Lack of oxygen
  • Monotonous stimulation
  • Buildup of hormones
  • Shifting of attention from external, ambient
    stimuli to internal information we have less
    experience processing.
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