Eating Disorders in Adolescents

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Eating Disorders in Adolescents

• Bequi Robertson
• September 28, 2005

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You will learn about

• 2 studies on Anorexia Nervosa in Adolescent girls
• Medical Complications for Adolescents with
  Anorexia Nervosa
• Preventing and Treating Adolescents with eating
  disorders
• ChildLine Examples of adolescents with eating
  disorders

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What is considered to be the ideal body shape
and the reality of the body shape of most girls
may be responsible for the increased prevalence
of dieting in Western cultures.

Jones etal 2004

• Study of 1,829 girls in Canada
• Filled out self-report screening package
• Average age 14.6 yrs.
• 86 postmenarcheal

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Longitudinal Study

• Study was conducted between 1993-2003
• 2,279 pre- and early adolescent girls recruited
  from 42 different schools in Ontario
• Mean age 11.8 (SD0.9yrs)
• Participants completed ChEAT to assess eating
  attitudes and behaviors
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  McVey, etal.

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Results

• 31.3 thought they were too fat
• 58.9 thought they were just right
• 9.8 thought they were too thin
• 29.3 trying to lose weight
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  McVey, etal.

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Dieting

• Mean age of kids 1st diet was 8.8yrs
• 60 of kids reported that they had attempted to
  lose weight by dieting
• Dieting is one of the main causes for onset of
  binge eating ad bulimic pathology
• Has been identified as a risk factor for
  developing eating disorders
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  Tanofsky-Kraff 2004

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Medical Complications in Adolescents with
Anorexia Nervosa

• Electrocardiographic Abnormalities
• Sinus Bradycardia
• Prolonged QTc
• Increased Vagal Tone
• Poor myocardial contractility
• Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP)
• Reduction in left ventricular wall thickness and
  mass
• Silent pericardial effusion
• Impaired linear growth
• Osteoporosis
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  Katzman 2004

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Impaired Linear Growth

• Possibility of permanent short stature
• Growth retardation
• Low levels of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyroxine
  (T3), elevated levels of cortisol, low levels of
  sex hormones, changes in growth hormone (GH)
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  Katzman 2004

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Osteoporosis

• Developing anorexia nervosa during adolescents
  can result in reduction of BMD
• Less than 1yr of developing disorder there are
  changes in bone density
• Weight recovery increases whole-body bone
  density, but it is not completely irreversible
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  Katzman 2004

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Who to blame???

• Bullying
• School pressure
• Loss of friend or family member
• Abuse
• Divorce

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CHIILDLINE

• UKs free helpline to kids
• In 2001-2002, 488 girls and 16 boys called with
  an eating problem
• Ages 14 and 15 are the largest group to call
  about eating disorders

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References

• 1. Castro, Josefina. Perceived Rearing
  Practices and Anorexia Nervosa. Clinical
  Psychology and Psychotherapy. 2000 pgs.
  320-325.
• 2. Gowers, S, etal. Treatment Aims and
  Philosophy in the Treatment of Adolescent
  Anorexia Nervosa in Europe. European eating
  Disorders Review. 2002 pgs. 271-280.
• 3. Jones, Jennifer M. Bennett, Susan Olmsted,
  Marion P. Lawson, Margaret L. Rodin, Gary.
  Disordered eating attitudes and behaviors in
  teenaged girls a school-based study. Canadian
  Medical Association Journal. 4 September 2001
  pgs. 547-552.
• 4. Katzman, Debra K. Medical Complications in
  Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa A Review of
  Literature. International Journal of Eating
  Disorders. 29 December 2004 pgs. S52-S59.
• 5. McConville, Brigid. ChildLine. NEXT, 2003.

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References Contd

• 6. Mc Vey, Gail Tweed, Stacey Blackmore,
  Elizabeth. Dieting among preadolescent and
  young adolescent females. Canadian Medical
  Association Journal. 11 May 2004 pgs.
  1559-1561.
• 7. Nicholls, Dasha Chater, Rachel Lask, Bryan.
  Children into DSM Dont Go A comparison of
  Classifications Systems for Eating Disorders in
  Childhood and Early Adolescence. 10 March 1999
  pgs. 317-324.
• 8. Rosenvinge, Jan Borresen, Runi. Preventing
  Eating Disorders-Time to change Programmes or
  Paradigms? Current Update and Further
  Recommendations. European Eating Disorders
  Review. 1999 pgs. 5-16.
• 9. Tanofsky-Kraff, Marian Faden, Dara
  Yanovski, Susan Wilfely, Denise Yanovski, Jack.
  The Perceived Onset of Dieting and Loss of
  Control Eating Behaviors in Overweight Children.
  International Journal of Eating Disorders. 27
  April 2004 pgs 112-122.