The Role of Science, Technology

1
The Role of Science, Technology Innovation and
ICT in the Development of Mozambique

• by
• Prof. Doctor Eng.Venâncio Massingue
• Minister of Science Technology of Mozambique

Republic of Mozambique
Ministry of Science and Technology
Frontiers of Knowledge for Africa Universitity
Leaders Forum Cape Town, November 19, 2006
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Country Background Basic Indicators

• Area799,390 sq.Km
• Population (2005)
• Total 19,420,036
• Urban 31.0
• Rural 69.0
• Government
• 25 Ministries
• 11 Provinces, 128 Districts, 352 Administrative
  Posts
• 33 Municipalities
• Illiteracy Rate (2003)
• Overall 53.6
• Urban 30.3
• Rural 65.7
• Per Capita GDP (2005) USD350
• Annual growth rate 1998-2002 8.2
• FDI 406 Million USD (2002), 3rd in Southern
  Africa
• Internet Usage Density (2004)2.7
• Teledensity (2005)

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Country Background Economic Drivers

• Mozambique with now about 20 million of
  population, is a rich country in natural
  resources Hydroelectricity, Gas, Coal, Minerals,
  Timber,Fertile Agriculture Land and long Marine
  Coast
• Main exports Sea products, Sugar, Cashew nuts,
  Tea, Coconuts, Aluminum, Timber.
• Main ports Maputo, Beira and Nacala

Nacala
Beira
Maputo
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Country Background Telecommunication Network
12/2005
12/2005
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Country Background National Backbone

• The national telecommunication backbone is being
  expanded to all 10 1 provincial capitals and by
  2008 we will have voice, data and image signals
  in the 128 districts.
• Partnership between Telecom Company and Power
  Company for the implementation of some segments
  of the broadband network are in place.

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Regional InitiativeEASSy Submarine Cable System

• East and Southern African Submarine Cable System
  - EASSy to build a submarine cable connecting
  9 000 km, 23 countries from all the way from
  Djibouti to Durban, South Africa
• The cable is to be linked to other global
  sub-marine systems
• Additionally the project intends to extend the
  fiber backbone to landlocked countries (e.g
  Zambia, Zimbabwe, Uganda, etc.)
• Mozambique is one of the original signatories of
  the agreement
• The objective is to dramatically reduce
  international connectivity costs.

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Country Background Research and Acdemic Basic
Indicators - 2006
High Education Institutions 24 (12 public)
Research Institutions 16 (4 private)
Graduate Students Enrollment (BSc and MSc) 28000
Publications per million inhabitants (2002) 0.5

• Majors fields of training
• Life sciences, Physical Sciences, Mathematics,
  Computing
• Engineering (electro-technical, mechanics,
  chemical construction)
• Agriculture
• Health and welfare
• Social Sciences, Humanities, Arts Education.

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Country Background The Ministry of Science and
Technology
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ST for Development

• Mozambique recognize Science and Technology as a
  primary productive force. Our government Five
  Years Plan (2005-2009) defined three pillars for
  Science and Technology
• Scientific Research
• Technology Transfer and Innovation
• Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
• In June 2006 we also approved Science, Technology
  Innovation Strategy and ICT Strategy to provide
  strategic directions for their contribution to
  poverty reduction, to economic growth and to the
  wealth creation in the country.

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The Actual State of ST in Mozambique

• Strategic Plan for the Human Resources
  Development for S,TI approved by the Cabinet
• ? Capacity building - From 470 researchers in
  2002 to 6595 researchers by 2025
• Established Thematic Scientific Councils - Water
  (2005), Energy (2005), Ethnobotany (2006) and
  Agriculture (2006)
• We are establishing the Academy of Sciences
• Conducted Scientific Expeditions to rural
  communities covering 12 districts within the
  Regional Centres of ST to assess the major needs
  of the communities water provision, irrigation
  dams, quality seeds, etc as well as for
  technology transfer and integration of the
  indigenous knowledge.

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The Actual State of ST in Mozambique

• 3 Regional Centres for Science and Technology
  created in the Country to allow interaction with
  HEI and the community for creating an environment
  for technology and knowledge transfer.

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The Actual State of ST in Mozambique Regional
Centres ST

• Objectives
• Create a dynamic on RD processes within the
  respective regions
• conceptualise programs for attraction to
  Mozambique of national and foreign qualified
  personnel
• Competencies
• evaluate the socio-economic potential of
  technology innovations and identify the type of
  support needed for the implementation
• promote the establishment of applied research
  laboratories taking into account the potentiality
  of each region.

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The Actual State of ST in Mozambique

• National Fund for RD and Innovation set-up
  selected 17 projects for finance from 43
  applicants
• 26 innovators so-far identified (18 in Maputo, 1
  in Sofala, 2 in Tete, 4 in Nampula, 1 in Cabo
  Delgado) from this list 8 need support on the
  development of their prototype and the 18 need
  support to finish their prototype and patent
  registration of their innovations
• Researcher statute and career path created
  including specific incentives
• Exclusivity allowances 35
• Risk allowances linked to the scientific research
  20
• Innovation subsidiary
• Service delivery research fee or research contract

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The Actual State of ST in Mozambique

• One Technology and Business Incubator created and
  others to be created for software development,
  manufacturing and services delivery
• On going establishment of the Centre of
  Technology Development (CDT) at Maputo City and
  incentive schemes to promote the interaction
  between the research academia with industry.

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ICT Strategy and Development Plan
16
ICT Strategy Projects

• Human Capacity
• SchoolNet
• MICTI-ICT Institute
• ICTs Curricula and Certification
• Youth Programme for Content
• Development
• HEI (Universities and Polytechnics)

• Infrastructure
• National Transmission Network
• VSAT Nework
• Universal and Affordable
• e-Mail Access
• Telecenters
• Digital Agencies

• E-Government
• GovNet (Government Net.)
• SIP 2000 (Public Servants
• Information Systeml)
• Civil Identification System
• State Financial Info. Sys.
• (e-SISTAFE)
• Digital Land Registry
• One-Stop Shop
• ICT Survey in Public
• Institutions
• Electoral Process Info. Sys.

• Content Applications
• Info. Sys. For HIV/AIDS
• Distance Education
• Knowledge Base for
• Science and Technology
• ICT Observatory
• Country Development
• Gateway (MzDG)

• Policy and Regulation
• Capacity Building at INCM
• Capacity Building at the
• ICT Policy Commission
• Telecommunication
• Sector Reform

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e-Goverment Anchor Projects
E-solutions to improve Government Service
Delivery all being developed under the Country
Public Reform
1 Common Communication Platform Interoperability Framework
2 Integrated Public Expenditure and Financial Management System (e-SISTAFE)
3 Citizen Identity Registration System (Unique Citizen Identification Number)
4 Business and Legal Entity Registration Facilitation System
5 Land Property Management System
6 Local Government Horizontal Integration System
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E-Gov Strategy Case 1

• The implementation of the E-Gov strategy is
  intended to delivery efficient service to the
  public, example
• The company business registration reduced from
  120 days to 3 days
• The foreign investment project preliminary
  approval from 90 days to 15 days.

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Access for All Initiatives Case 2
Community Radio
Telecentre
Community Multimedia Centre (CMC)

• CMC benefits from the synergies of conventional
  radio and telecentre, offering
• Access to information and training
• Means for communication, exchange of knowledge
  and production of content
• Voice to the ones who normally cannot be heard
• Tool for integrating and developing the community
  through knowledge empowerment.

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Access for All Initiatives Case 3

• Provincial Digital Resource Centre (CPRD) is a
  centre for providing IT services for both
  provincial government and civil society at large
• CPRDs are located in provincial capitals and
  function as management centers of provincial
  government IT and provide training and access to
  information and online services for public
  administration and members of the civil society.

• Mobile Unit is a movable ICT center managed under
  the CPRD, making visits to local secondary
  schools, health stations and providing training
  in ICTs and access to information in remote areas.

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MoRENet Case 4

• The Mozambique Research and Education Network
  MoRENet, is the planned nationwide data network
  that will interconnect Academic and Research
  institutions for fast and efficient exchange of
  research data among its members.
• Institutions Profile
• Universities
• Polytechnic Institutes
• Agriculture Research institutions and Statistics
• Health Research Centre
• Police, Military and Marine.

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Human Resources Development MICTI Model Case 5

• To provide through ST parks a unique
  sustainable and supportive environment for the
  development of entrepreneurial and education
  activity that facilitate business incubation,
  technology transfer, training and the commercial
  exploitation of the knowledge-base.

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What is MICTI?
Nurture entrepreneurial skills providing
employment and wealth generation opportunities
Research and Learning Institute
Address the dire need for skilled personnel in
Mozambique and in the region
Science and Technology Park
Technology and Business Incubator
Participation of international and domestic
organizations that will provide expert input,
seed knowledge and innovation capacities.
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Roll Out of the MICTI Model

• Started at UEM with a Technology and Business
  Incubator and graduated 5 companies. In 2007 new
  incubation process will start with an
  entrepreneurship course and a virtual incubation
  process.
• Starting in 2007 the 18-month mid-level
  vocational course for ICT professionals first
  intake 40 students
• A joint effort between the MCT and MICTI
  initiated the implementation at Maputo Centre
  City of the Centre of Technology Development an
  environment for technology innovation and
  stimulation of training in technical and
  management skills to promote creation and
  development of research institutions and
  knowledge and technology based companies.

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Challenges and Call for Support

• Promote the necessary donor coordination and
  establish articulation mechanisms with internal
  and external partners (bilateral and
  multi-lateral)
• Promote partnership with industry to encourage
  the retrieval of valuable research done within
  HEI to the market and establish fiscal
  incentives
• Support to implement what is proposed on the
• e-Government
• Establishment of Technology and Business
  Incubators
• Establishment of Science and Technology Park in
  Moamba.

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Challenges and Call for Support

• Establish ICT infrastructures
• Deliver Technical Training Programmes on ICT
• Establish scholarship schemes for MSc and PhD
  levels and post PhD RD development activities
• Promote the establishment of technology
  incubators and technology promotion
  centres/laboratories
• Establish research funds to support the
  development of RD activities
• Establish the Government Data Sharing and
  Processing Centre

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Challenges and Call for Support

• Setting up appropriate mechanisms for disbursing
  ST funds in a way that enhances overall
  performance of the ST system and increase the
  levels of investment in research, from 0.21 of
  the GDP that is currently being allocated for
  research to about 0.8 by 2010
• Establish a FOSS Centre and identify business
  models for low cost technologies
• Establish performance standards and evaluate the
  ST system
• Develop indicators to evaluate ST achievements
  and impact.

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Conclusion

• We want to use science, technology and innovation
  to boost the entrepreneurship that will
  accelerate the wealth creation for the
  sustainable development creating fair and
  harmonized society
• Efficient use of communication technologies
  support rapid dissemination of knowledge,
  building of human capacities and maintenance of
  national unity
• Key government reform programmes such as
  decentralization and public sector reforms depend
  of efficient means of communication.

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• In this fight our soldiers are the scientists and
  technologists and the weapons are the science and
  technologies

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Thank You for Your Attention
Prof. Doctor Eng. Venâncio Massingue Minister of
Science Technology Mozambique
venancio.massingue_at_mct.gov.mz
República de Moçambique