Systematizing Recovery Management in the Criminal Justice System

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Systematizing Recovery Managementin the Criminal
Justice System

• Integrating Justice and Health to Lower
  Recidivism among Drug-Involved Offenders

Melody M. Heaps, President TASC (Treatment
Alternatives for Safe Communities) Chicago,
Illinois Presented at the Recovery
Symposium Philadelphia, Pennsylvania May 2, 2008
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THE ABOMINATION

• The U.S. has less than 5 of the worlds
  population, but our incarcerated population makes
  up almost 25 of the worlds incarcerated
  population
• An African-American child born today has an
  estimated 33 chance of being under the
  jurisdiction of the criminal justice system some
  time in his or her life
• More than 3 times as many African Americans live
  in prison cells as in college dorms

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Crisis Incarcerating Addiction

• The solution a No Entry approach to
  incarceration for drug-involved offenders
• Prevents or provides early intervention
• Provides treatment alternatives to incarceration
• Provides a recovery-oriented system of care

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Crisis Incarcerating Addiction

• The prevalence of people with substance use
  disorders involved in the criminal justice system
  is exponentially higher than in the general
  population

(BJS Harrison Beck, 2006 Mumola Karberg,
2006 Karberg James, 2005 / SAMHSA, 2007)
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Crisis Incarcerating Addiction

• Across the nation
• 41 of state prisoners in 2004 were behind bars
  for non-violent drug or property offenses
  515,000 people
• 59 of federal prisoners in 2006 were behind bars
  for non-violent drug or property offenses
  103,766 people
• TOTAL 618,766 people

(BJS Sabol, Couture, Harrison, 2007)
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Crisis Incarcerating Addiction

• 700,000 people released from prison each year
• Within 3 years of release
• 68 rearrested
• 52 returned to prison

(BJS Sabol Harrison, 2007 BJS Langan
Levin, 2002 / PDOC, 2006 / IDOC, 2005)
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Recovery-Oriented System of Care

• Recovery-Oriented System of Care (ROSC) is the
  most effective approach to addressing the crisis
  of incarcerating addiction
• Without a mechanism and/or infrastructure to
  manage the implementation of a ROSC in criminal
  justice populations in a systemic, widespread
  manner, significant progress will not occur

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Recovery-Oriented System of Care

• Recovery management within a ROSC means treating
  addiction as a lifelong process, shifting focus
  of care from
• episodes of acute care / treatment, to
• symptom stabilization, to
• client-directed management of lifelong recovery

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Recovery-Oriented System of Care

• One episode of treatment (the norm, if any
  treatment at all)
• only represents the acute-care phase
• can occur more than once
• must be integrated into a larger system of care

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Recovery-Oriented System of Care

• Recovery management within a ROSC combines
  traditional acute-care treatment with
• Pre-recovery support services to enhance
  treatment readiness
• In-treatment recovery support services to enhance
  the strength and stability of recovery initiation
  
• Post-treatment recovery support services to
  enhance the durability and quality of recovery
  maintenance

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Recovery-Oriented System of Care

• A continuum of care supports ongoing recovery
  within a ROSC
• Critical elements of a continuum of care
• Acute care / treatment
• Symptom abatement / ongoing counseling
• Employment
• Education / job training
• Family connection and support
• Housing
• Life management

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Recovery-Oriented System of Care

• Challenge of ROSC is creating a system in which
  recovery management is possible
• It must be organized in the broadest possible
  scale
• Treatment programs, community programs, and
  public systems must be working in concert

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Recovery-Oriented System of Care

• There needs to be a mechanism and/or
  infrastructure to manage recovery management for
  the system
• TASC
• Facilitates mandated reporting to public systems
• Manages clients movement through stages of
  recovery, from acute care to recovery in the
  community

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A Model for ROSC Sheridan Reentry Prison

• 46 of Illinois prisoners in 2005 were behind
  bars for non-violent drug or property offenses
  20,541 people

(IDOC, 2005)
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A Model for ROSC Sheridan Reentry Prison

• Specialty drug treatment prison in Illinois
• Approximately 950 beds, expanding at Sheridan and
  in other facilities (SWICC)
• Designed to treat prisoner substance abuse and
  reduce recidivism
• Offers continuous substance abuse treatment and
  supportive services throughout the prison stay
  and after release

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A Model for ROSC Sheridan Reentry Prison

• Continuum of services
• In-facility treatment (therapeutic community)
• Peer support
• Clinical reentry planning and case management
  (TASC)
• Parole supervision

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A Model for ROSC Sheridan Reentry Prison

• The Sheridan model relies on the availability of
  recovery management support services following
  release
• Halfway houses
• Treatment
• Employment
• Relationships with family and friends
• Job training / education
• Transportation

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A Model for ROSC Sheridan Reentry Prison

• Recovery-management supportive services are
  undergirded by clinical case management
  throughout the recovery process (TASC)

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A Model for ROSC Sheridan Reentry Prison
(Olson, Rapp, Powers, Karr, 2007)
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• Thank you!
• Contact
• Melody Heaps, President
• TASC, Inc.
• mheaps_at_tasc-il.org

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References

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• Harrison, P. M. Beck, A. J. (2006). Prisoners
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