Welding Symbols (ISO 2553) and Weld Joint Design

1
Welding Symbols(ISO 2553)and Weld Joint Design
2
ELEMENTARY WELD SYMBOLS
Square Groove Weld
Single V Groove Weld
3
ELEMENTARY WELD SYMBOLS
Single Bevel Groove Weld
Single V Groove Weld with Broad Root Face
4
ELEMENTARY WELD SYMBOLS
Single Bevel Groove Weld with Broad Root Face
Single U Groove Weld
5
ELEMENTARY WELD SYMBOLS
Single J Groove Weld
Backing Weld
6
ELEMENTARY WELD SYMBOLS
Fillet Weld
Plug / Slot Weld
7
ELEMENTARY WELD SYMBOLS
Spot Weld
Seam Weld
8
ELEMENTARY WELD SYMBOLS
Edge Weld
Surfacing
9
SUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLS
Weld Profile

Flat
Convex
Concave
10
SUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLS

M
MR
Toes blended smoothly
Permanent Backing Strip
Removable Backing Strip
11
SUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLS
Peripheral Welds
12
SUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLS
Site welds

13
SUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLS
Tail Optional)

Sequence of Information in the Tail

• Process (as per ISO 4063)
• Acceptance Level (as per ISO 5817 or ISO 10042)
• Working Position (as per ISO 6947)
• Filler Materials (as per ISO 544 or ISO 2560 or
  ISO 3581)

14
EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Method of representation

Reference Line (Continuous)
Reference Line (Dashed)
Arrow Line
Weld Joint
15
EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Welding on the Arrow Side

Arrow Side
Other Side
16
EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Welding on the Other Side

Arrow Side
Other Side
17
EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Welding on the Other Side
Arrow Side
Other Side
18
EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Welding on the Arrow Side
Arrow Side
Other Side
19
EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Which is the Other Side in this case?

Side A
Side B
Side D
Side C
20
EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Welding on both Sides
Arrow Side
Other Side
21
EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Symmetric Welding on both Sides

22
EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Pointing of Arrows for Bevel and J Joints

OR
23
EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Pointing of Arrows for Bevel and J Joints

24
DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
Butt Joints

l
s
l
s
25
DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
Fillet Welds
5
z5
l
5
a5
l
5
26
DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
Fillet Welds

a
a
a
27
DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
Intermittent Fillet Welds

z
n x l (e)
z
n x l (e)
28
DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
Staggered Intermittent Fillet Welds

z
n x l (e)
z
n x l (e)
(e)
(e)
l
l
(e)
(e)
l
l
29
DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
Spot Weld

d
n (e)
e
e
d
30
DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
Seam Weld

d
n x l (e)
l
e
d
31
DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
Plug Weld

d
n (e)
e
e
d
32
DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
Slot Weld

d
n x l (e)
e
l
d
33
WELD JOINT DESIGN
34
Edge Preparation - Need
Poor penetration Poor strength
Good penetration Good strength (100 joint
efficiency)
35
Edge Preparation

• Factors which influence choice of edge
  preparation
• - Thickness
• - Material
• - Welding process
• - Extent of penetration required
• - Welding distortion
• - Cost

36
Basic Joint Types
butt
lap
tee
corner
edge
37
Basic Weld Types
Groove welds
Fillet weld
Plug / slot weld
Spot / seam weld
38
Applicable Welds for Butt joint
Square Groove weld
V Groove weld
U Groove weld
Bevel Groove weld
J Groove weld
39
Applicable Welds for Butt joint
Double V Groove weld
Double Bevel Groove weld
Double U Groove weld
Double J Groove weld
40
Applicable Welds for Tee joint
41
Applicable Welds for Lap joint
Fillet weld
Plug / slot weld
Spot / seam weld
42
Applicable Welds for Corner Joint
43
Applicable Welds for Edge Joint
Edge weld
44
Butt joint
Square Groove weld
Root gap
45
Butt joint
Single V Groove weld
Groove angle ?
Root face
Root gap
46
Weld Reinforcement
Correct reinforcement Minimum cost Good joint
strength
Excess reinforcement High cost Poor joint
strength
Under reinforcement Poor joint strength
47
Butt joint Complete Joint penetration
Weld from face side
Back gouging
Back weld
48
Butt joint Complete Joint penetration
Backing weld
Back gouging
49
Butt joint Complete Joint penetration (welding
from one side)
TIG / SMAW welding
Consumable guide
50
Butt Joint Double V groove
Less weld metal Less distortion Higher edge
preparation cost Better for thickness gt 20 mm
Double V groove
Single V groove
More weld metal More distortion Lower edge
preparation cost Better for thickness lt 20 mm
51
Butt Joint U groove
Groove angle
Root radius
Root face
Root gap
Good access at the root Less weld metal Higher
edge preparation cost Better for thickness gt 40 mm
52
Butt Joint Bevel groove
Single bevel groove
Bevel angle 40 to 50 Difficult to approach the
root Weld defects
Double bevel groove
Back gouging to remove root defects Good weld
quality
53
Butt Joint J groove
Good access at the root Back gouging and back
welding to get good weld quality Less weld
metal Higher edge preparation cost Better for
thickness gt 40 mm
54
Tee Joint Full strength joint
In a full strength joint, leg 0.75 x thickness
throat 0.707 x leg leg 1.414 x throat
leg
throat
leg
55
Tee Joint Full penetration joint
45 or 60
leg throat
leg throat
56
Tee Joint
Actual throat
Theoretical throat
AWS D 1.1 recommendation when gap gt 1.6 mm to
increase leg size of fillet by the amount of gap
57
Lap Joint
overlap
AWS D 1.1 recommendation Overlap 5 x thickness
(1 inch minimum) Gap between mating faces 1.6
mm max
58
Welding Position Groove
1 G
3 G
2 G
4 G
59
Welding Position Groove
1 G
2 G
5 G
6 G
45
60
Welding Position Fillet
1F
2F
3F
4F
61
Welding Position Fillet
1F
2F
5F
62
Welding Positions Groove
Position Inclination of axis Rotation of
face Flat 0 to 15 150 to
210 Horizontal 0 to 15 80 to
150 210 to 280 Overhead 0 to
80 0 to 80 280 to 360 Vertical 15
to 80 80 to 280 80 to 90 0 to 360
63
Welding Positions Fillet
Position Inclination of axis Rotation of
face Flat 0 to 15 150 to
210 Horizontal 0 to 15 125 to
150 210 to 235 Overhead 0 to
80 0 to 125 235 to 360 Vertical 15
to 80 125 to 235 80 to 90 0 to 360