Renewable Energies for Transportation, Electricity and Energy Storage Technologies (Round Table 3) U.S. Policies and Programs

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Renewable Energies for Transportation,
Electricity and Energy Storage Technologies(Round
Table 3)U.S. Policies and Programs

• John P. Millhone
• Representing the
• U.S. National Academies of Science

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Outline

• Renewable Energy Programs
• Solar Energy
• Geothermal Energy
• Wind Energy Programs
• Hydro Energy Programs
• Hydrogen Programs
• Biomass Programs
• Transportation Applications
• Energy Storage Technologies

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Solar Energy Program

• Photovoltaics
• Goal Cost competitive with conventional grid
  electricity
• Research Innovative PV cells (organic,
  crystalline, photo-electrochemical)
• Hybrid concepts, e.g. PV-hydrogen generation
• Low-cost manufacturing techniques
• Concentrated Solar Power
• Grid Integration
• Market Transformation Solar Cities

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Wind Energy Programs

• Presidential Advanced Energy Initiative Goal
• Supply 20 of Electricity in Good Wind Areas
• Program Areas
• Large Systems 500 kW and larger, grid connected
• Distributed Systems Smaller community and
  residential
• Research Activities
• Rotor Advances Blades, aerodynamic,
  aero-acoustics
• Generator, drive train and power electronics
• Applications Site Selection, Zoning, Grid
  Connections

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Cumulative U.S. wind capacity, by year (in
megawatts MW)
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Hydropower Program

• Advanced Water Power Technologies
• Wave and Tides
• Ocean Currents
• Hydrokinetic Devices
• Marine Thermal Gradients
• Environmental Issues

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Hydrogen Program

• Goal Abundant, Reliable and Affordable Energy
• Program Participants
• Government, Industry, Academia and Laboratories
• DOE Efficiency, Renewable, Fossil, Nuclear,
  Science
• Research Areas
• Hydrogen Production
• Delivery and Storage
• Fuel Cells for Transportation

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Biomass Programs

• Goal Displace 30 of Gasoline Consumption with
  Biofuels by 2030
• Feedstocks for Biofuels
• Initial Focus on Corn-based Ethanol
• Broadening Scope to Other Biomass Resources
• National Biofuels Action Plan
• Research Areas
• Cellulosic and Forest Biomass
• Economic Harvesting
• Processing and Conversion
• Integrated Bio-refineries
• Distribution and End Use

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Transportation Applications

• Presidents Twenty in Ten Goal for biofuels is
  to cut gasoline consumption by 20 in 10 years
• Research areas
• Hybrid vehicle systems and technologies
• Energy storage technologies
• Power electronics and electrical technologies

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Energy Storage Technologies

• Energy Storage Pilot Projects
• DOE-California Projects Supercapacitors,
  zinc-bromine batteries and flywheel technologies
• DOE-New York Projects Flywheels, sodium-sulfur
  battery and lead-acid battery
• Iowa Project Wind and Compressed Air in Aquifer
• Integration of Distribution and Transmission
  Smart Grid Approach
• to Reduce Carbon Emissions

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Presidential Candidates Views

• Senator Obama
• Renewable Energy
• Ensure 10 of electricity comes from renewables
  by 2012 25 by 2025
• Extend the renewable energy Production Tax Credit
  for 5 years
• Work with automakers to ensure all vehicles are
  flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs)

• Senator McCain
• Renewable Energy
• Rationalize the temporary renewable Production
  Tax Credits
• Accelerate the introduction of FFV vehicles
• Eliminate mandates, tariffs and subsidies for
  corn-based ethanol
• Level playing field for alcohol fuels

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Presidential Candidates Views

• Senator Obama
• Transportation
• Provide a 7,000 tax credit for advanced
  technology vehicles
• Build 1 million plug-in hybrid cars in America
  that are on the road by 2015
• Establish a low carbon fuel standard reduce
  carbon by 5 in five years 10 in 10 years

• Senator McCain
• Transportation
• Clean Carbon Challenge encourage U.S. automakers
  to produce zero-emission cars with 5,000 tax
  credit
• Graduated tax credit for vehicles with lower
  carbon emissions
• 300 million prize for creator of improved
  vehicle battery package

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Presidential Candidates Views

• Senator Obama
• Electricity Systems
• Goal to decrease electricity demand
• Annual demand reduction targets for utilities
• Decouple electric power companies profits from
  energy usage
• Invest in Smart Grid technologies

• Senator McCain
• Electricity Systems
• General support for improved energy efficiency
• Improvements in electricity grid and metering
• Upgrade the national grid to meet 20st Century
  demand, including capacity for electric cars,
  Smart Meters and customer information

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Thank you for your attention

• John P. Millhone
• Representing the
• U.S. National Academies of Science
• For further Information, contactjohn.millhone_at_ve
  rizon.net