Unit 3 Review 600 CE 1450 CE ..

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Unit 3 Review

• 600 CE1450 CE

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(No Transcript)
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• 1. Islam means
• dedication to Allah.
• victory.
• submission.
• peace.
• people of the book.

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• 1. Islam means
• dedication to Allah.
• victory.
• submission.
• peace.
• people of the book.

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• 2. Which of the following statements concerning
  the ethical system of early Islam is NOT correct?
• Islam stressed the dignity of all believers and
  their equality in the eyes of Allah.
• Islam stressed the responsibility of the wealthy
  and strong to care for the poor and weak.
• A tax for charity was obligatory in the new
  faith.
• The teachings of the Prophet and the Quran were
  not formally incorporated into a body of law.
• It recognized the truth of similar ethical ideas
  in Judaism and Christianity.

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• 2. Which of the following statements concerning
  the ethical system of early Islam is NOT correct?
• Islam stressed the dignity of all believers and
  their equality in the eyes of Allah.
• Islam stressed the responsibility of the wealthy
  and strong to care for the poor and weak.
• A tax for charity was obligatory in the new
  faith.
• The teachings of the Prophet and the Quran were
  not formally incorporated into a body of law.
• It recognized the truth of similar ethical ideas
  in Judaism and Christianity.

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• 3. Why did the Arab warriors not want to convert
  large numbers of people to Islam?
• Muhammad specifically stated that Islam could
  only be spread among the Arabs.
• They would have had to share their booty and
  would have lost tax revenues.
• They lacked the political organization to govern
  them and feared insurrection by non-Arabs.
• Conversion would have slowed down the process of
  conquest.
• They wanted to keep high religious offices among
  themselves.

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• 3. Why did the Arab warriors not want to convert
  large numbers of people to Islam?
• Muhammad specifically stated that Islam could
  only be spread among the Arabs.
• They would have had to share their booty and
  would have lost tax revenues.
• They lacked the political organization to govern
  them and feared insurrection by non-Arabs.
• Conversion would have slowed down the process of
  conquest.
• They wanted to keep high religious offices among
  themselves.

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• 4. What was the result of the first civil war
  between Ali and the Umayyads?
• Ali was able to defeat the Umayyad clan and
  reduce them to political insignificance.
• Ali was killed in the conflict, but his son Hasan
  was named caliph and won a great victory over the
  Abbasids.
• Despite early successes, Alis faction
  disintegrated leading to an Umayyad victory and
  Alis assassination.
• Ali suffered a disastrous military defeat at the
  Battle of Siffin, and the Umayyads emerged
  victorious.
• Islam remained firmly united behind the heirs of
  Husayn and Ali.

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• 4. What was the result of the first civil war
  between Ali and the Umayyads?
• Ali was able to defeat the Umayyad clan and
  reduce them to political insignificance.
• Ali was killed in the conflict, but his son Hasan
  was named caliph and won a great victory over the
  Abbasids.
• Despite early successes, Alis faction
  disintegrated leading to an Umayyad victory and
  Alis assassination.
• Ali suffered a disastrous military defeat at the
  Battle of Siffin, and the Umayyads emerged
  victorious.
• Islam remained firmly united behind the heirs of
  Husayn and Ali.

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• 5. What was the nature of citizenship within the
  Umayyad Empire?
• All converts to Islam, regardless of their ethnic
  origins, were full citizens and members of the
  elite.
• Only Muslim Arabs were first-class citizens of
  this great empire.
• The Umayyads recognized all residents of their
  empire, whether Muslims or peoples of he book
  as full citizens.
• Arabs rapidly lost their dominance in the Umayyad
  Empire to the native residents of Persia.
• Malawi were accorded full rights of citizenship.

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• 5. What was the nature of citizenship within the
  Umayyad Empire?
• All converts to Islam, regardless of their ethnic
  origins, were full citizens and members of the
  elite.
• Only Muslim Arabs were first-class citizens of
  this great empire.
• The Umayyads recognized all residents of their
  empire, whether Muslims or peoples of he book
  as full citizens.
• Arabs rapidly lost their dominance in the Umayyad
  Empire to the native residents of Persia.
• Malawi were accorded full rights of citizenship.

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• 6. What was the most significant of the
  transformations brought about by the Abbasids
  rise to power?
• The final defeat of the Byzantine Empire with the
  capture of Constantinople
• The mawali were admitted as full members of the
  Islamic community
• The destruction of absolutism within Islamic
  government
• The destruction of Sunni influences within Islam
• Victory in the Crusades and the conquest of Spain

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• 6. What was the most significant of the
  transformations brought about by the Abbasids
  rise to power?
• The final defeat of the Byzantine Empire with the
  capture of Constantinople
• The mawali were admitted as full members of the
  Islamic community
• The destruction of absolutism within Islamic
  government
• The destruction of Sunni influences within Islam
• Victory in the Crusades and the conquest of Spain

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• 7. What was the primary cultural contribution of
  the Muslims during the Abbasid period?
• The Muslims were able to recover and preserve the
  works of the ancient philosophers as well as
  transmit ideas and culture from one civilization
  to another.
• The Muslims became extraordinarily adept at
  portraiture, focusing on depictions of Muhammad
  and the early caliphs.
• Although the material culture of the Abbasid
  period remained poor, Muslims were able to make
  some advances in music.
• Islamic learning was necessarily unique, as they
  had no access to the ancient traditions of
  philosophy and science.
• Islamic culture combined the achievements of
  earlier civilizations such as the Harappan and
  the Aryans.

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• 7. What was the primary cultural contribution of
  the Muslims during the Abbasid period?
• The Muslims were able to recover and preserve the
  works of the ancient philosophers as well as
  transmit ideas and culture from one civilization
  to another.
• The Muslims became extraordinarily adept at
  portraiture, focusing on depictions of Muhammad
  and the early caliphs.
• Although the material culture of the Abbasid
  period remained poor, Muslims were able to make
  some advances in music.
• Islamic learning was necessarily unique, as they
  had no access to the ancient traditions of
  philosophy and science.
• Islamic culture combined the achievements of
  earlier civilizations such as the Harappan and
  the Aryans.

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• 8. What was the result of the civil wars
  following the death of al-Rashid?
• The Abbasid dynasty came to an end with the
  defeat in the Battle of Zamzam.
• Succession disputes led to the build up of
  personal armies, often of slave soldiers.
• Private armies were abolished in an attempt to
  curtail future violence over the succession.
• The practice of electing caliphs in Mecca was
  once again instituted.
• The Shias were able to take over the throne with
  the election of Ali.

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• 8. What was the result of the civil wars
  following the death of al-Rashid?
• The Abbasid dynasty came to an end with the
  defeat in the Battle of Zamzam.
• Succession disputes led to the build up of
  personal armies, often of slave soldiers.
• Private armies were abolished in an attempt to
  curtail future violence over the succession.
• The practice of electing caliphs in Mecca was
  once again instituted.
• The Shias were able to take over the throne with
  the election of Ali.

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• 9. What changes occurred during the Abbasid
  period with respect to women?
• The establishment of the harem
• The legislation of multiple marriages for women
• The creation of Islamic nunneries
• Legislation against concubinage and prostitution
• Women were allowed to take more than one husband.

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• 9. What changes occurred during the Abbasid
  period with respect to women?
• The establishment of the harem
• The legislation of multiple marriages for women
• The creation of Islamic nunneries
• Legislation against concubinage and prostitution
• Women were allowed to take more than one husband.

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• 10. Who was the Muslim leader responsible for the
  reconquest of most of the territories belonging
  to the Christian crusaders?
• Firdawsi
• Muhammad ibn Qasim
• al-Ghazali
• Saladin
• Umar

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• 10. Who was the Muslim leader responsible for the
  reconquest of most of the territories belonging
  to the Christian crusaders?
• Firdawsi
• Muhammad ibn Qasim
• al-Ghazali
• Saladin
• Umar

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• 11. What was the impact of the Crusades on the
  Christian West?
• Christians adopted military techniques, words,
  scientific learning, and Arabic numerals among
  other things.
• Christians rejected most Muslim influence,
  although they did gain a taste for Muslim wines
  and liquors.
• There was no Muslim influence on the Christian
  West.
• The Crusades interrupted the trade of the
  Mediterranean and cut off the West from Islam
  until 1293.
• The Crusades led to an extension of feudalism
  through the use of Islamic silver.

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• 11. What was the impact of the Crusades on the
  Christian West?
• Christians adopted military techniques, words,
  scientific learning, and Arabic numerals among
  other things.
• Christians rejected most Muslim influence,
  although they did gain a taste for Muslim wines
  and liquors.
• There was no Muslim influence on the Christian
  West.
• The Crusades interrupted the trade of the
  Mediterranean and cut off the West from Islam
  until 1293.
• The Crusades led to an extension of feudalism
  through the use of Islamic silver.

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• 12. How did Islam and Hinduism differ?
• Hinduism stressed the egalitarianism of all
  believers, while Islam was more rigid in terms of
  orthodox belief.
• Islam stressed the egalitarianism of all
  believers, while Hinduism was more rigid in terms
  of orthodox belief.
• Islam stressed the egalitarianism of all
  believers, while Hinduism embraced a caste-based
  social system.
• Hinduism stressed the egalitarianism of all
  believers, while Islam embraced a caste-based
  social system.
• Hinduism was monotheistic, while Islam was
  polytheistic but both had a supreme God.

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• 12. How did Islam and Hinduism differ?
• Hinduism stressed the egalitarianism of all
  believers, while Islam was more rigid in terms of
  orthodox belief.
• Islam stressed the egalitarianism of all
  believers, while Hinduism was more rigid in terms
  of orthodox belief.
• Islam stressed the egalitarianism of all
  believers, while Hinduism embraced a caste-based
  social system.
• Hinduism stressed the egalitarianism of all
  believers, while Islam embraced a caste-based
  social system.
• Hinduism was monotheistic, while Islam was
  polytheistic but both had a supreme God.

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• 13. What was one of the major differences between
  African civilizations and other post classical
  societies?
• African civilizations were built somewhat less
  clearly on prior precedent than was the case in
  other post-classical societies.
• African civilization was almost entirely
  dependent on cultural importations from Islam and
  the Arabic world.
• Prior to 800, African civilizations had no prior
  contacts with civilizations outside of the
  African continent.
• There were no civilizations in Africa until after
  the post classical period.
• African civilizations were based on hierarchal
  and patrilineal models not democratic and
  matrilineal.

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• 13. What was one of the major differences between
  African civilizations and other post classical
  societies?
• African civilizations were built somewhat less
  clearly on prior precedent than was the case in
  other post-classical societies.
• African civilization was almost entirely
  dependent on cultural importations from Islam and
  the Arabic world.
• Prior to 800, African civilizations had no prior
  contacts with civilizations outside of the
  African continent.
• There were no civilizations in Africa until after
  the post classical period.
• African civilizations were based on hierarchal
  and patrilineal models not democratic and
  matrilineal.

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• 14. Which of the following statements best
  describes the indigenous religion of much of
  sub-Saharan Africa?
• Much of sub-Saharan Africa was Christian but
  later converted to Islam under military pressure.
• Animistic religion, belief in the power of
  natural forces personified as deities,
  characterized much of Africa.
• African religion prior to the arrival of the
  Muslims was typified by an independent form of
  monotheism characterized by worship in monumental
  temple complexes.
• Uniquely, African societies lacked any religious
  principles prior to the arrival of the Christians
  and Muslims.
• Sub-Saharan groups were influenced by Hindu
  beliefs brought in through east African trading
  ports such as Kilwa.

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• 14. Which of the following statements best
  describes the indigenous religion of much of
  sub-Saharan Africa?
• Much of sub-Saharan Africa was Christian but
  later converted to Islam under military pressure.
• Animistic religion, belief in the power of
  natural forces personified as deities,
  characterized much of Africa.
• African religion prior to the arrival of the
  Muslims was typified by an independent form of
  monotheism characterized by worship in monumental
  temple complexes.
• Uniquely, African societies lacked any religious
  principles prior to the arrival of the Christians
  and Muslims.
• Sub-Saharan groups were influenced by Hindu
  beliefs brought in through east African trading
  ports such as Kilwa.

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• 15. What region of Africa was first converted to
  Islam by 700 C.E.?
• East Africa
• Central Africa
• West Africa
• North Africa
• South Africa

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• 15. What region of Africa was first converted to
  Islam by 700 C.E.?
• East Africa
• Central Africa
• West Africa
• North Africa
• South Africa

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• 16. What was the most important Christian kingdom
  in Africa?
• Mali
• Songhay
• Kongo
• Ethiopia
• Egypt

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• 16. What was the most important Christian kingdom
  in Africa?
• Mali
• Songhay
• Kongo
• Ethiopia
• Egypt

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• 17. What monarch is credited with beginning
  Malinke expansion and creating the Mali Empire?
• Sundiata
• Mahmud of Ghur
• Mansa Musa
• King Lalibela
• Muhammad the Great

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• 17. What monarch is credited with beginning
  Malinke expansion and creating the Mali Empire?
• Sundiata
• Mahmud of Ghur
• Mansa Musa
• King Lalibela
• Muhammad the Great

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• 18. What was the common cultural trait of the
  urbanized trading ports of the east African
  coast?
• Membership in the Soninke tribe
• The artistic style of the Nok culture
• Bantu-based and Arabic-influenced Swahili
  language
• A single ruling family from the Malinke tribe
• A common descent from refugees from Bagdad

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• 18. What was the common cultural trait of the
  urbanized trading ports of the east African
  coast?
• Membership in the Soninke tribe
• The artistic style of the Nok culture
• Bantu-based and Arabic-influenced Swahili
  language
• A single ruling family from the Malinke tribe
• A common descent from refugees from Bagdad

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• 19. The significance of the Byzantine Empire
  included all of the following EXCEPT
• the empires ability to survive for almost a
  thousand years.
• the importance of the empires capital at
  Constantinople as a major urban center.
• the ability of the empire to spread its cultural
  and political influence to the Balkans and
  southern Russia.
• the empires conquest of the Ottoman Empire and
  its inclusion of all of the Middle East.
• its development of Orthodox Christianity which
  broke off from Rome in 1054.

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• 19. The significance of the Byzantine Empire
  included all of the following EXCEPT
• the empires ability to survive for almost a
  thousand years.
• the importance of the empires capital at
  Constantinople as a major urban center.
• the ability of the empire to spread its cultural
  and political influence to the Balkans and
  southern Russia.
• the empires conquest of the Ottoman Empire and
  its inclusion of all of the Middle East.
• its development of Orthodox Christianity which
  broke off from Rome in 1054.

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• 20. What was the technological innovation that
  aided the Byzantine Empire in withstanding the
  Muslim siege of Constantinople in 717?
• Cannon
• Greek fire
• Gunpowder rockets
• Catapults
• The longbow

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• 20. What was the technological innovation that
  aided the Byzantine Empire in withstanding the
  Muslim siege of Constantinople in 717?
• Cannon
• Greek fire
• Gunpowder rockets
• Catapults
• The longbow

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• 21. The religious controversy over the use of
  religious images in worship that broke out in the
  8th century was called
• the Trinitarian controversy.
• the Christological controversy.
• the Filioque controversy.
• the Iconoclastic controversy.
• the Reformation.

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• 21. The religious controversy over the use of
  religious images in worship that broke out in the
  8th century was called
• the Trinitarian controversy.
• the Christological controversy.
• the Filioque controversy.
• the Iconoclastic controversy.
• the Reformation.

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• 22. What two missionaries were responsible for
  the creation of a written script for Slavic
  language?
• Basil and John Chrysostom
• Cyril and Methodius
• Constans and Mnemosyne
• John and Matthew
• Nicholas and Alexander

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• 22. What two missionaries were responsible for
  the creation of a written script for Slavic
  language?
• Basil and John Chrysostom
• Cyril and Methodius
• Constans and Mnemosyne
• John and Matthew
• Nicholas and Alexander

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• 23. Why did Vladimir I prefer Orthodox
  Christianity to Roman Catholicism?
• He preferred to avoid the pitfalls of the
  veneration of icons.
• He believed that Roman Catholicism implied papal
  interference, while Orthodoxy embraced the
  control of the church by the state.
• He was not familiar with Roman Catholicism,
  because the Western form of Christianity had not
  penetrated into eastern Europe.
• He did not believe in clerical celibacy which was
  required of the Roman Catholic priesthood.
• He rejected the Roman Catholics emphasis on the
  sacraments and the use of the trinity.

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• 23. Why did Vladimir I prefer Orthodox
  Christianity to Roman Catholicism?
• He preferred to avoid the pitfalls of the
  veneration of icons.
• He believed that Roman Catholicism implied papal
  interference, while Orthodoxy embraced the
  control of the church by the state.
• He was not familiar with Roman Catholicism,
  because the Western form of Christianity had not
  penetrated into eastern Europe.
• He did not believe in clerical celibacy which was
  required of the Roman Catholic priesthood.
• He rejected the Roman Catholics emphasis on the
  sacraments and the use of the trinity.

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• 24. In what year did the Ottoman Turks
  successfully capture Constantinople and bring the
  Byzantine Empire to a close?
• 1071
• 1326
• 1453
• 1501
• 1492

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• 24. In what year did the Ottoman Turks
  successfully capture Constantinople and bring the
  Byzantine Empire to a close?
• 1071
• 1326
• 1453
• 1501
• 1492

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• 25. Which of the following statements concerning
  the intellectual activity of the medieval West
  prior to the 8th century is most accurate?
• Classical rational traditions were actively
  united with Christian mysticism to carve out a
  new intellectual world.
• With the few literate people concentrated in
  monasteries, little was achieved other than
  copying older manuscripts.
• Universities rapidly created a new intellectual
  climate in which logic was applied to matters of
  Christian doctrine.
• All literacy and contact with the ancient
  culture was lost in the centuries following the
  fall of Rome.
• Western scholars achieved more during this period
  than their Islamic counterparts.

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• 25. Which of the following statements concerning
  the intellectual activity of the medieval West
  prior to the 8th century is most accurate?
• Classical rational traditions were actively
  united with Christian mysticism to carve out a
  new intellectual world.
• With the few literate people concentrated in
  monasteries, little was achieved other than
  copying older manuscripts.
• Universities rapidly created a new intellectual
  climate in which logic was applied to matters of
  Christian doctrine.
• All literacy and contact with the ancient
  culture was lost in the centuries following the
  fall of Rome.
• Western scholars achieved more during this period
  than their Islamic counterparts.

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• 26. Which of the following statements concerning
  the agricultural laborers of the medieval West is
  NOT true?
• They received protection and the administration
  of justice from their landlords.
• They were obligated to turn over part of their
  goods to remain on the land.
• They retained essential ownership of their
  houses.
• They could be bought and sold by their landlords.
• They had heavy obligations to their lords.

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• 26. Which of the following statements concerning
  the agricultural laborers of the medieval West is
  NOT true?
• They received protection and the administration
  of justice from their landlords.
• They were obligated to turn over part of their
  goods to remain on the land.
• They retained essential ownership of their
  houses.
• They could be bought and sold by their landlords.
• They had heavy obligations to their lords.

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• 27. What Frankish king was responsible for the
  conversion of his people to Christianity in order
  to gain a vague domination over the Franks?
• Charles Martel
• Clovis
• Charlemagne
• Pepin III
• Louis IX

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• 27. What Frankish king was responsible for the
  conversion of his people to Christianity in order
  to gain a vague domination over the Franks?
• Charles Martel
• Clovis
• Charlemagne
• Pepin III
• Louis IX

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• 28. The members of the military elite who
  received land in return for military service in
  the bands of the greater lords were called
• fiefs.
• benefices.
• vassals.
• serfs.
• lords.

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• 28. The members of the military elite who
  received land in return for military service in
  the bands of the greater lords were called
• fiefs.
• benefices.
• vassals.
• serfs.
• lords.

59

• 29. Pope Gregory VII decreed the practice of
  investiture invalid. What was investiture?
• The practice whereby aristocrats dressed in
  bishops robes and attempted to rule in their
  place
• The practice of state appointment of bishops
• The practice of trying clerics in secular courts
• The states power to tax the clergy
• Loaning money at excessive interest to the church

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• 29. Pope Gregory VII decreed the practice of
  investiture invalid. What was investiture?
• The practice whereby aristocrats dressed in
  bishops robes and attempted to rule in their
  place
• The practice of state appointment of bishops
• The practice of trying clerics in secular courts
• The states power to tax the clergy
• Loaning money at excessive interest to the church

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• 30. Which of the following statements concerning
  the medieval economy is most true?
• Medieval economic thought and practice was of no
  consequence to later Western economic thinkers
  and actors.
• Medieval economics was a combination of
  capitalistic and feudal practices
• Medieval economics simply repeated the thought
  and practice of earlier economic thinkers.
• Medieval economics, overall, tended to discourage
  merchant activity and technical innovation.
• Medieval economic systems were based on global
  trade with China and India.

62

• 30. Which of the following statements concerning
  the medieval economy is most true?
• Medieval economic thought and practice was of no
  consequence to later Western economic thinkers
  and actors.
• Medieval economics was a combination of
  capitalistic and feudal practices
• Medieval economics simply repeated the thought
  and practice of earlier economic thinkers.
• Medieval economics, overall, tended to discourage
  merchant activity and technical innovation.
• Medieval economic systems were based on global
  trade with China and India.

63

• 31. The northern nomadic peoples who entered
  central Mexico following the decline of
  Teotihuacan were the
• Aztecs.
• Incas.
• Olmecs.
• Toltecs.
• Maya.

64

• 31. The northern nomadic peoples who entered
  central Mexico following the decline of
  Teotihuacan were the
• Aztecs.
• Incas.
• Olmecs.
• Toltecs.
• Maya.

65

• 32. Which of the following did NOT occur as a
  result of the Aztec rise to power?
• The increasing dominance of the nobility
• The emergence of a ruler with supreme powers
• The abandonment of human sacrifice
• The subsequent expansion of power and the
  boundaries of Aztec control
• A highly urbanized society

66

• 32. Which of the following did NOT occur as a
  result of the Aztec rise to power?
• The increasing dominance of the nobility
• The emergence of a ruler with supreme powers
• The abandonment of human sacrifice
• The subsequent expansion of power and the
  boundaries of Aztec control
• A highly urbanized society

67

• 33. The Aztec innovation in intensive agriculture
  in the aquatic environments of the lakes of
  central Mexico was the development of
• chinampas.
• pipiltin.
• quipus.
• calpulli.
• Pochteca.

68

• 33. The Aztec innovation in intensive agriculture
  in the aquatic environments of the lakes of
  central Mexico was the development of
• chinampas.
• pipiltin.
• quipus.
• calpulli.
• Pochteca.

69

• 34. The capital of the Inca empire was
• Cuzco.
• Chan Chan.
• Tihuanaco.
• Chichen Itza.
• Titicaca.

70

• 34. The capital of the Inca empire was
• Cuzco.
• Chan Chan.
• Tihuanaco.
• Chichen Itza.
• Titicaca.

71

• 35. The religious practice most closely
  associated with the state and the person of the
  Inca in Andean civilization was the cult of
• human sacrifice.
• the rain god.
• the sun.
• Quetzalcoatl.
• Twantinsuyu.

72

• 35. The religious practice most closely
  associated with the state and the person of the
  Inca in Andean civilization was the cult of
• human sacrifice.
• the rain god.
• the sun.
• Quetzalcoatl.
• Twantinsuyu.

73

• 36. In terms of the integration of a centralized
  empire, how did the Incas and Aztecs compare?
• The Aztecs and Incas both made little attempt to
  integrate conquered territories and permitted
  self-rule in return for loyalty and tribute.
• The Aztecs were more advanced than the Incas in
  consolidating their government into an integrated
  unit.
• The Incas attempted to create an over-arching
  political state and made conscious attempts to
  integrate their empire as a unit, while the
  Aztecs did less in this regard.
• Both the Incas and the Aztecs created fully
  integrated empires complete with central
  bureaucracies and military administrative units
  that controlled all conquered regions.
• To create their empires both allowed little
  variation from region to region and city to city.

74

• 36. In terms of the integration of a centralized
  empire, how did the Incas and Aztecs compare?
• The Aztecs and Incas both made little attempt to
  integrate conquered territories and permitted
  self-rule in return for loyalty and tribute.
• The Aztecs were more advanced than the Incas in
  consolidating their government into an integrated
  unit.
• The Incas attempted to create an over-arching
  political state and made conscious attempts to
  integrate their empire as a unit, while the
  Aztecs did less in this regard.
• Both the Incas and the Aztecs created fully
  integrated empires complete with central
  bureaucracies and military administrative units
  that controlled all conquered regions.
• To create their empires both allowed little
  variation from region to region and city to city.

75

• 37. The dynasty that ended the period of
  political chaos after the fall of the Qin-Han was
  the
• Tang.
• Chou.
• Song.
• Sui.
• Qing.

76

• 37. The dynasty that ended the period of
  political chaos after the fall of the Qin-Han was
  the
• Tang.
• Chou.
• Song.
• Sui.
• Qing.

77

• 38. Which of the following statements concerning
  the extent of the Tang empire is most accurate?
• The Tang extended the empire in all directions
  except westward, where the Turks remained
  entirely independent of the Chinese emperor.
• The Tang empire was unable to recover the
  territorial extent of the Han, but did recover
  northern areas from the nomads.
• The Tang empire incorporated India and southeast
  Asia as well as the areas north of the Yellow
  River plain.
• The Tang built an empire that was far larger than
  the Han, an empire whose boundaries in many
  directions extended beyond the borders of modern
  China.
• The Tang empire stopped expanding and was divided
  into three parts when a civil war broke out.

78

• 38. Which of the following statements concerning
  the extent of the Tang empire is most accurate?
• The Tang extended the empire in all directions
  except westward, where the Turks remained
  entirely independent of the Chinese emperor.
• The Tang empire was unable to recover the
  territorial extent of the Han, but did recover
  northern areas from the nomads.
• The Tang empire incorporated India and southeast
  Asia as well as the areas north of the Yellow
  River plain.
• The Tang built an empire that was far larger than
  the Han, an empire whose boundaries in many
  directions extended beyond the borders of modern
  China.
• The Tang empire stopped expanding and was divided
  into three parts when a civil war broke out.

79

• 39. What was the impact on Confucianism of the
  Tang repression of the Buddhists?
• Confucianism emerged as the central ideology of
  Chinese civilization until the 20th century.
• Confucianism emerged in a strengthened condition,
  but still remained behind Buddhism in the sense
  of providing a basis for the intellectual
  rationale of Chinese civilization.
• Because Confucian scholar-gentry were associated
  with the persecution, Confucianism failed to
  generate much popular support outside the
  imperial government.
• Confucianism, like Buddhism, declined in
  popularity, and its place was taken by Daoism.
• Confucianism and Daoism blended with Buddhism to
  form a new philosophy.

80

• 39. What was the impact on Confucianism of the
  Tang repression of the Buddhists?
• Confucianism emerged as the central ideology of
  Chinese civilization until the 20th century.
• Confucianism emerged in a strengthened condition,
  but still remained behind Buddhism in the sense
  of providing a basis for the intellectual
  rationale of Chinese civilization.
• Because Confucian scholar-gentry were associated
  with the persecution, Confucianism failed to
  generate much popular support outside the
  imperial government.
• Confucianism, like Buddhism, declined in
  popularity, and its place was taken by Daoism.
• Confucianism and Daoism blended with Buddhism to
  form a new philosophy.

81

• 40. How did the Song empire compare to the Tang?
• The Song empire was greater in territorial extent
  than the Tang empire.
• The Song empire and the Tang empire were
  virtually identical in territorial extent.
• The Song empire was smaller in territorial extent
  than the Tang empire.
• Although approximately the same size, the Song
  empire extended farther north than the Tang.
• The Song was larger than the Tang and Han.

82

• 40. How did the Song empire compare to the Tang?
• The Song empire was greater in territorial extent
  than the Tang empire.
• The Song empire and the Tang empire were
  virtually identical in territorial extent.
• The Song empire was smaller in territorial extent
  than the Tang empire.
• Although approximately the same size, the Song
  empire extended farther north than the Tang.
• The Song was larger than the Tang and Han.

83

• 41. In what way did foot-binding serve to
  diminish the independence of Chinese women by the
  end of the Song era?
• Because foot-binding could only be afforded by
  the elite, poorer women were assigned to a lower
  social status.
• Foot-binding sufficiently crippled women to
  effectively confine their mobility to their
  household.
• As foot-binding was required in order to practice
  certain professions, Chinese women found that
  occupational alternatives were diminished.
• Foot-binding, although considered socially
  attractive, was condemned by neo-Confucians.
• Upper-class women considered it high status and
  hoarded money to pay for it.

84

• 41. In what way did foot-binding serve to
  diminish the independence of Chinese women by the
  end of the Song era?
• Because foot-binding could only be afforded by
  the elite, poorer women were assigned to a lower
  social status.
• Foot-binding sufficiently crippled women to
  effectively confine their mobility to their
  household.
• As foot-binding was required in order to practice
  certain professions, Chinese women found that
  occupational alternatives were diminished.
• Foot-binding, although considered socially
  attractive, was condemned by neo-Confucians.
• Upper-class women considered it high status and
  hoarded money to pay for it.

85

• 42. What group was responsible for the fall of
  the southern Song dynasty in 1279?
• Jurchens
• Tanguts
• Liao
• Mongols
• XiXia

86

• 42. What group was responsible for the fall of
  the southern Song dynasty in 1279?
• Jurchens
• Tanguts
• Liao
• Mongols
• XiXia

87

• 43. What is the name of the nature spirits of
  Japan?
• Hapu
• Kami
• Hara-kiri
• Genji
• Heian

88

• 43. What is the name of the nature spirits of
  Japan?
• Hapu
• Kami
• Hara-kiri
• Genji
• Heian

89

• 44. What religion played a key role in the
  transmission of Chinese civilization to Japan?
• Buddhism
• Daoism
• Islam
• Christianity
• Hinduism

90

• 44. What religion played a key role in the
  transmission of Chinese civilization to Japan?
• Buddhism
• Daoism
• Islam
• Christianity
• Hinduism

91

• 45. Life in the imperial court at Heian was
  described in what Japanese novel?
• Ashikage Analects
• Tale of Genji
• Mirror of Lady Murasaki
• Romance of the Rose
• Essential of Salvation

92

• 45. Life in the imperial court at Heian was
  described in what Japanese novel?
• Ashikage Analects
• Tale of Genji
• Mirror of Lady Murasaki
• Romance of the Rose
• Essential of Salvation

93

• 46. How did the principles of warfare change
  under the daimyos?
• Heroic combat between champions remained the
  rule, but the weapon of choice changed from the
  bow to the curved sword.
• Peasant forces were reduced in significance, as
  they were replaced by professional soldiers.
• Warfare based on spying, timely assaults, wise
  command and organization of massive armies
  replaced heroic combat.
• The rise of gunpowder and cannon made the
  fortresses and castles of the warrior elite
  obsolete.
• They introduced new military techniques and
  strategies learned from contacts with Islamic
  traders.

94

• 46. How did the principles of warfare change
  under the daimyos?
• Heroic combat between champions remained the
  rule, but the weapon of choice changed from the
  bow to the curved sword.
• Peasant forces were reduced in significance, as
  they were replaced by professional soldiers.
• Warfare based on spying, timely assaults, wise
  command and organization of massive armies
  replaced heroic combat.
• The rise of gunpowder and cannon made the
  fortresses and castles of the warrior elite
  obsolete.
• They introduced new military techniques and
  strategies learned from contacts with Islamic
  traders.

95

• 47. What kingdom was successful in establishing a
  unified and independent government in Korea?
• Choson
• Silla
• Paekche
• Kyoto
• Khitan

96

• 47. What kingdom was successful in establishing a
  unified and independent government in Korea?
• Choson
• Silla
• Paekche
• Kyoto
• Khitan

97

• 48. Following the assertion of Vietnamese
  independence from China in the tenth century,
  what aspects of Chinese culture were retained by
  the Vietnamese rulers.
• Chinese family organization
• The Chinese administrative system based on the
  Confucian examination system
• A highly centralized administrative system manned
  by a powerful scholar-gentry
• The successful suppression of the peasantry
• Chinese popular culture, such as cockfights

98

• 48. Following the assertion of Vietnamese
  independence from China in the tenth century,
  what aspects of Chinese culture were retained by
  the Vietnamese rulers.
• Chinese family organization
• The Chinese administrative system based on the
  Confucian examination system
• A highly centralized administrative system manned
  by a powerful scholar-gentry
• The successful suppression of the peasantry
• Chinese popular culture, such as cockfights

99

• 49. The Mongol military forces were
• composed of a mixture of infantry and cavalry.
• entirely cavalry.
• entirely infantry.
• technologically inferior to most of their
  opponents.
• armed with firearms

100

• 49. The Mongol military forces were
• composed of a mixture of infantry and cavalry.
• entirely cavalry.
• entirely infantry.
• technologically inferior to most of their
  opponents.
• armed with firearms

101

• 50. Where was the capital of the Mongol empire
  under Chinggis Khan?
• Samarkand
• Karakorum
• Tatu
• Khwarazm
• Cambolu

102

• 50. Where was the capital of the Mongol empire
  under Chinggis Khan?
• Samarkand
• Karakorum
• Tatu
• Khwarazm
• Cambolu

103

• 51. Following Chinggis Khans death, what was the
  provision for the administration of the empire?
• It was divided into four regional kingdoms, or
  khanates, ruled by his sons and grandsons.
• It was centralized with a Mongol bureaucracy
  located at the Chinese capital of Tatu.
• The empire immediately fragmented into its
  constituent tribes and clans.
• It passed as a single government with its capital
  at Karakorum to Chinggis Khans oldest son.
• Mandarins from China were brought in to help
  administer the empire under the guidance of the
  grand khan.

104

• 51. Following Chinggis Khans death, what was the
  provision for the administration of the empire?
• It was divided into four regional kingdoms, or
  khanates, ruled by his sons and grandsons.
• It was centralized with a Mongol bureaucracy
  located at the Chinese capital of Tatu.
• The empire immediately fragmented into its
  constituent tribes and clans.
• It passed as a single government with its capital
  at Karakorum to Chinggis Khans oldest son.
• Mandarins from China were brought in to help
  administer the empire under the guidance of the
  grand khan.

105

• 52. Which of the khanates undertook the invasion
  of the Muslim heartland?
• Ilkhan khanate
• Karakorum khanate
• Chinese khanate
• Golden Horde
• Seljuk khanate

106

• 52. Which of the khanates undertook the invasion
  of the Muslim heartland?
• Ilkhan khanate
• Karakorum khanate
• Chinese khanate
• Golden Horde
• Seljuk khanate

107

• 53. In 1271, Kubilai Khan changed the name of the
  Mongol dynasty in China to
• Qin.
• Chin.
• Yuan.
• Ming.
• Sinkiang.

108

• 53. In 1271, Kubilai Khan changed the name of the
  Mongol dynasty in China to
• Qin.
• Chin.
• Yuan.
• Ming.
• Sinkiang.

109

• 54. What was one of the most important but
  unintended side effects of the Mongol drive to
  the west?
• The demographic blow to Eurasian populations
  caused by the Black Death
• The closing of the Silk Road and other major
  trade routes led to isolation of the East
• The tendency of the nomadic peoples to give up
  their lifestyle in preference for sedentary
  agriculture
• The progressive desiccation of the central Asian
  steppes
• The expansion of overseas trade to the Americas

110

• 54. What was one of the most important but
  unintended side effects of the Mongol drive to
  the west?
• The demographic blow to Eurasian populations
  caused by the Black Death
• The closing of the Silk Road and other major
  trade routes led to isolation of the East
• The tendency of the nomadic peoples to give up
  their lifestyle in preference for sedentary
  agriculture
• The progressive desiccation of the central Asian
  steppes
• The expansion of overseas trade to the Americas

111

• 55. Which of the following statements concerning
  the political fragmentation of the Arabic world
  in the 1400s is most accurate?
• After the fall of the Abbasid caliphate, the
  emerging Ottoman Empire soon mastered most of the
  lands of the old caliphate plus the Byzantine
  corner.
• The political fragmentation caused by the fall of
  Baghdad lasted for several centuries under the
  decentralized administration of the Seljuk Turks.
• The Mongol conquests eliminated any form of
  centralized government in the Middle East until
  the 17th century.
• Following the fall of the Abbasid caliphate, the
  Middle East became part of the colonial empire of
  the emerging feudal states of western Europe.
• The political system was chaotic for 300 years
  until the rise of a new political order under the
  Ottoman Turks.

112

• 55. Which of the following statements concerning
  the political fragmentation of the Arabic world
  in the 1400s is most accurate?
• After the fall of the Abbasid caliphate, the
  emerging Ottoman Empire soon mastered most of the
  lands of the old caliphate plus the Byzantine
  corner.
• The political fragmentation caused by the fall of
  Baghdad lasted for several centuries under the
  decentralized administration of the Seljuk Turks.
• The Mongol conquests eliminated any form of
  centralized government in the Middle East until
  the 17th century.
• Following the fall of the Abbasid caliphate, the
  Middle East became part of the colonial empire of
  the emerging feudal states of western Europe.
• The political system was chaotic for 300 years
  until the rise of a new political order under the
  Ottoman Turks.

113

• 56. What Chinese dynasty succeeded the Mongol
  Yuan dynasty in China?
• Chou
• Ming
• Han
• Tang
• Qing

114

• 56. What Chinese dynasty succeeded the Mongol
  Yuan dynasty in China?
• Chou
• Ming
• Han
• Tang
• Qing

115

• 57. What was the innovation launched by the Ming
  dynasty?
• Receiving tribute payments from Korea and Japan
• Extending their political control over Vietnam
  and Korea
• Use of a centralized bureaucracy but under the
  direct control of the emperor
• Mounting huge, state-sponsored trading
  expeditions throughout Asia and beyond
• The use of gunpowder weapons on both land and
  naval vessels

116

• 57. What was the innovation launched by the Ming
  dynasty?
• Receiving tribute payments from Korea and Japan
• Extending their political control over Vietnam
  and Korea
• Use of a centralized bureaucracy but under the
  direct control of the emperor
• Mounting huge, state-sponsored trading
  expeditions throughout Asia and beyond
• The use of gunpowder weapons on both land and
  naval vessels

117

• 58. In comparison to medieval culture,
  Renaissance culture was
• more concerned with Aristotelian philosophy.
• more concerned with things of the earthly world.
• disinterested in classical models.
• based less on urban vitality and expanding
  commerce.
• more other-worldly and religious.

118

• 58. In comparison to medieval culture,
  Renaissance culture was
• more concerned with Aristotelian philosophy.
• more concerned with things of the earthly world.
• disinterested in classical models.
• based less on urban vitality and expanding
  commerce.
• more other-worldly and religious.

119

• 59. What was the Western response to the problems
  of international trade that they experienced in
  1400?
• Western nations halted trade with Asia and the
  East and became more dependent on
  European-produced commodities.
• Many nations sought to establish alliances with
  the Ottoman Empire in order to restore the trade
  routes.
• Overland trade routes through northern Russia
  were established to the East.
• Western nations began explorations of alternative
  routes to Asia that would bypass the Middle East
  and Muslim realms.
• They began to pull back from all but regional
  trade networks found in the eastern Mediterranean.

120

• 59. What was the Western response to the problems
  of international trade that they experienced in
  1400?
• Western nations halted trade with Asia and the
  East and became more dependent on
  European-produced commodities.
• Many nations sought to establish alliances with
  the Ottoman Empire in order to restore the trade
  routes.
• Overland trade routes through northern Russia
  were established to the East.
• Western nations began explorations of alternative
  routes to Asia that would bypass the Middle East
  and Muslim realms.
• They began to pull back from all but regional
  trade networks found in the eastern Mediterranean.

121

• 60. The key theme of Polynesian culture from the
  7th century to 1400 was
• the adoption of Japanese civilization in the
  island societies.
• the development of a uniform written script.
• contraction as a result of the world-wide
  epidemic of the 14th century.
• spurts of migration and conquest that spread
  beyond their original islands.
• large-scale expeditions of discovery which were
  aimed at establishing colonies in South America.

122

• 60. The key theme of Polynesian culture from the
  7th century to 1400 was
• the adoption of Japanese civilization in the
  island societies.
• the development of a uniform written script.
• contraction as a result of the world-wide
  epidemic of the 14th century.
• spurts of migration and conquest that spread
  beyond their original islands.
• large-scale expeditions of discovery which were
  aimed at establishing colonies in South America.