INCLUSIVE EDUCATION: THE PHILIPPINE PERSPECTIVE

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INCLUSIVE EDUCATION THE PHILIPPINE PERSPECTIVE
Dr. YOLANDA S. QUIJANO Undersecretary of Programs
and Projects Department of Education Philippines
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OUTLINE

• General Information on Inclusive Education
• Facts and Figures, Policies, Strategies for
  Disadvantaged Learners Children with
  Disabilities, IPs, Muslim Children, Street
  Children, Abused children
• Current Difficulties and Challenges
• Lessons Learned
• Proposed Initiatives/Recommendations

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GENERAL INFORMATION onINCLUSIVE EDUCATION
Children with disabilities
Children of Indigenous peoples and Muslim children
Child labourers
Street children
Abused children
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FACTS and FIGURES

• Children with disabilities who are in school are
  about 101, 762 (2011-2011).
• Children with disabilities are still combating
  educational exclusion
• 97.3 of them are still unreached.
• About 5,916 are mainstreamed in regular classes

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Facts and Figures

• Children of Indigenous peoples number about 12-15
  million across the country.
• These are spread in seven ethnographic areas with
  117 ethno-linguistic groups.
• Those in the elementary schools total 639, 483
  while 158, 550 are in the secondary schools
  (2010-2011).

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Facts and Figures

• 140,570 Muslim elementary and secondary pupils
  are attending ALIVE (Arabic Language and Islamic
  Values Education) in public schools

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Facts and Figures

• Street children are about 246, 000 thousand-
• 75 are children on the streets
• 25 are children of the streets
• 70 are boys
• Working children are growing in
• number
• Number of abused children
• is being tracked down

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EDUCATION POLICIES

• The right to education is a basic human right.
• All children and youth shall have access to
  quality education.
• Inclusive education shall be concerned with all
  learners, with focus on those who have
  traditionally been excluded from educational
  opportunities.
• Support system shall be organized and delivered
  holistically.

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PUBLIC POLICY SUPPORT on INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

• The 1987 Philippine Constitution
• P.D. 603 - The Child and Youth Welfare Code
• RA. 7610 Special Protection of Children against
  Child Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination Act
• R.A. 7277- The Magna Carta for Disabled Persons
  amended by R.A 9442
• Policies and Guidelines in Special Education

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PHILIPPINES ADOPTS INTERNATIONAL DOCUMENTS on
INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

• UN Conventions on the Rights of the Child (1989)
• World Declaration on Education for All (1990)
• UNESCO Salamanca Statement and Framework for
  Action (1994)

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INCLUSION DEFINED

• Reaching out to all learners
• Addressing and responding to diversity of needs
  of all children, youth and adults
• Involves changes and modification in content,
  approaches, structures and strategies

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STRATEGIES in INCLUSIVE EDUCATION for
DISADVANTAGED LEARNERS
The program, curriculum, learning materials,
facilities, equipment
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CHILDREN WITH DISABILITES
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Education system has full responsibility to
ensure right to education
Assessment
Support System
It is equipped and ready to handle diversity
through
Flexible modified curriculum , teaching and
learning methods Adaptation Augmentation Alteratio
n
Remediation/ enrichment
Involvement of peers, parents and the community
Flexible teaching methods with innovative approach
es to teaching aids, and equipment assistive
devices and learning resources
PROCESS of INCLUSION
Responsive, child-friendly environment
Professional environment working deliberately
and actively to promote inclusion for all
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PHILIPPINE MODEL of INCLUSION

• Partial mainstreaming towards inclusion
• - students are educated in regular classes at
  least half the day
• - receive additional help or specialized
  services
• - pull-out

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• Full mainstreaming or inclusion
• - complete regular instruction
• - receive all special services
• in general classroom

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SUSTAINING PROGRAMS for CHILDREN with DISABILITIES

• Establishment of 276 Special Education Centers
  nationwide
• Provision of SPED items
• Downloading of funds

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Sustaining Programs for Children with
Disabilities

• Conduct of training programs for teachers
  handling children with various disabilities
• Conduct of training for school heads and
  supervisors
• Development of instructional materials for
  children with disabilities

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Sustaining Programs for Children with
Disabilities

• Conduct of advocacy strategies like the SPED
  caravan in regions and divisions without SPED
  centers or without SPED programs

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Sustaining Programs for Children with
Disabilities

• Implementation of various intervention programs,
  like
• Early Intervention
• Transition program
• Headstart program

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INDIGENOUS PEOPLES EDUCATION

• Policy actions
• To provide access to quality basic education
• To ensure the preservation, recognition,
  promotion and protection of the rights of
  indigenous peoples to ancestral domain, cultural
  identity and heritage
• Objective
• The National IP Education Policy
• Framework operationalized in
• all schools

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Indigenous Peoples Education Activities

• Launching of the Philippines Response to
  Indigenous Peoples and Muslim Education (PRIME)-
  a facility for IP and ME
• Conduct of implementation planning activities for
  the national, regional clusters
• Celebrating IP month in
• October

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MADRASAH EDUCATIONfor Muslim Children

• Policy action
• To provide acess to quality education
• To ensure the preservation, recognition,
  promotion, and protection of the rights of Muslim
  learners to religious identity and heritage
• Objective
• Institutionalization of the Madrasah
  Education Program at all levels in basic
  education

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Madrasah Education for Muslim Children

• Development of Madrasah Currriculum for
  Kindergarten (Tahderiyyah)
• Implementation of the Madrasah Curriculum in the
  elementary level
• Development of the Curriculum in the secondary
  level
• Professionalizing the Asatidz through the
  Accelerated Teacher Education Program now on its
  fourth cycle

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STREET CHILDREN EDUCATION

• Enhancing the implementation of the Kariton
  Klasrum project in partnership with the Dynamic
  Teen Company
• Street educator, Efren Penaflorida awarded by
  CNN as Hero of the Year
• Conducting stock-taking activities in selected
  sites that will implement the program

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EDUCATION for CHILDREN SEXUALLY ABUSED

• Institutionalization of Personal Safety Lessons
  in both elementary and secondary schools
  nationwide
• On-going training of trainers for the basic
  education levels
• Coordination with the agencies to ensure the
  welfare of the sector

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ALTERNATIVE DELIVERY MODES for DISADVANTAGED
CHILDREN

• MISOSA- (Modified In-School and Off-School
  Approach for elementary)
• Open High School Program for secondary
• Distance Learning
• Modular learning
• On-line learning
• Home-based learning

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Alternative Delivery Modes in pictures
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Alternative Delivery Modes in pictures
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Alternative Delivery Modes in pictures
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CURRENT ISSUES and CHALLENGES

• Increasing the holding power of schools over
  these children
• Making existing resources and other support
  systems adaptable and suitable to the needs of
  inclusive education

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Current Issues and Challenges

• Mobilizing parents and other duty bearers in
  supporting inclusive education
• Providing post-school support to fully integrate
  and enable disadvantaged children to participate
  in gainful employment or productive work.

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LESSONS LEARNED
Social, Economic, and Financial Aspects
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SOCIAL BENEFITS

• Creates positive social and attitudinal changes
  in both regular and disadvantaged chidren such
  as
• Reducing and eliminating prejudices against
  disabled children
• Improving self-concept or self-esteem

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Social Benefits

• c. Growth in social cognition
• Encouraging greater participation in social
  progress
• Challenge
• Inclusion may result in overcrowding and
• lowering of quality of education

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ECONOMIC BENEFITS

• Leads to higher participation rate,
  cohort-survival or completion rate
• There is higher simple and functional literacy
  rates.
• There is higher employment participation rate.
• Enable children to become independent and
  productive in later years

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CHALLENGES

• Inclusion education entails additional resources
  over and above those provided to regular schools.
• Per pupil cost is relatively higher than the
  regular pupil.

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PROPOSED INITIATIVES/RECOMMENDATIONS

• Ensuring education through early learning
  intervention
• Rationalizing the establishment of more centers
  special education centers, community centers,
  drop-in centers
• Capability building for teachers of diverse
  learners at pre service levels
• Adopting equivalency, testing and acceleration
  programs to diverse learners

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Inclusion means
I ntegration
N etworking
C ollaboration
L iving, learning, loving
U tilizing all available resources
S upport and social services
I mplementation of appropriate programs
O rganization of appropriate services
N on stop services to all
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The challenge for educators is to find ways of
sharing expertise and provide wider educational
opportunities for the full implementation of
inclusive education.
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Thank You!
Maraming Salamat!