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Rick Nevulis, P.G.

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Reclaimed Water in South Florida And Its Connection with Hydro(geo)logy Rick Nevulis, P.G. Water Reuse Coordinator Water Supply Department , SFWMD – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Rick Nevulis, P.G.


1
Reclaimed Water in South Florida
And Its Connection with Hydro(geo)logy
  • Rick Nevulis, P.G.
  • Water Reuse Coordinator
  • Water Supply Department , SFWMD
  • February 17, 2010 South Florida Hydrologic
    Society
  • Davie, FL

2
Why am I talking about this?
  • Why Me? Im the Water Reuse Coordinator at the
    SFWMD
  • Why the SFWMD? The SFWMD doesnt regulate
    reclaimed water, but we do actively promote and
    encourage its usage
  • As a hydrogeologist, perhaps I can lend that
    perspective with regard to reclaimed water

3
First, A Glance at Reclaimed Water in the SFWMD
4
What is Reclaimed Water?
  • Water that has received at least secondary
    treatment and basic disinfection and is reused
    after flowing out of a domestic wastewater
    treatment facility for a beneficial purpose
  • Treatment levels to match uses
  • Irrigation (golf courses, residents)
  • Groundwater recharge
  • Industrial uses (e.g., FPL)
  • Environmental enhancement (wetlands)

5
South Florida Water Management District
  • Ensure adequate water supply for current future
    users the environment protect water quality
  • Water Supply Plans
  • Water Use Permits
  • Minimum Flows Levels Reservations
  • Fund Alternative Water Supplies

6
Florida Department of Environmental Protection
  • Water Quality Issues
  • Water body classifications
  • Water quality standards
  • Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL)
  • Impaired water bodies

7
How will the increasing demand for water be met?
  • 300 New Water Supply Projects identified in the
    Water Supply Plans

8
Integrated Water Supply Portfolio-Example-
Ocean Desalination
Conservation
3
15
Imported water
Recycling
29
14
DIVERSITY RELIABILITY
39
Groundwater
9
SFWMDs Reuse History
mgd
10
Wastewater Treatment Plant Flow by SFWMD Planning
Area
82 MGD
19 MGD
83 MGD
650 MGD
11
SFWMD Wastewater Disposal Methods
35 Deep Injection
28 Reuse
2 Surface Water Other
35 Ocean Outfall
Total Wastewater Flow 851 MGD
12
Reuse Summary by Planning Region
13
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14
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15
Lower East Coast
  • Driving Factors
  • Regional water availability rule
  • Ocean outfall legislation
  • Miami-Dade Water Use Permit
  • Irrigation based reuse
  • More groundwater recharge?

Based on 2007 FDEP Inventory
16
Lower East Coast
  • Successes
  • Palm Beach County
  • Challenges
  • Highly urbanized
  • No large users limited irrigation
  • Everglades restoration
  • Cost / Water Quality / Treatment
  • Public education
  • Ocean outfall legislation

Based on 2007 FDEP Inventory
17
Pompano Beach
  • Pulls water from Broward County ocean outfall
    pipe
  • 7.5 MGD capacity
  • Irrigation of residential lots, golf course and
    park
  • Pilot project to test saline barrier

18
Palm Beach County Southern Region
  • Serves western Delray Beach/Boynton Beach
  • Mandatory Reuse Zone
  • Irrigation of 3,325 residential lots, 4 golf
    courses, and 2 parks
  • 150 acres of created wetlands
  • Green Cay Wakodahatchee

19
Water Reuse in Everglades Restoration
  • Biscayne Bay Coastal Wetlands Rehydration
  • Pilot project in planning phase
  • Bird Drive Recharge Area
  • Postponed
  • Dependent on West WWTP for reclaimed water

Bird Drive
Biscayne Bay
20
SFWMD Wastewater Disposal Methods
35 Deep Injection
28 Reuse
2 Surface Water Other
35 Ocean Outfall
Total Wastewater Flow 851 MGD
21
Active Ocean Outfalls in Florida
Total 297 MGD
22
Ocean Outfall Legislation Requirements
  • By the end of 2025 use of the outfalls for
    wastewater disposal will be eliminated
  • Requires 60 of outfall facility flows to be
    reused
  • Outfalls may only be
  • used after 2025 to
  • discharge wet weather
  • flows from reuse
  • systems during times
  • when reclaimed water
  • cannot be used

23
Legislated Water Reuse from Outfall Facilities
7.7 MGD
6.2 MGD
22.4 MGD
24.1 MGD
48.6 MGD
68.9 MGD
Total 178 MGD
24
Thats the quick overview of water reuse in the
SFWMD
25
Typical Hydrologic Cycle
26
Urban Hydrologic Cycle
  • Not a cycle on the local level
  • Fresh water is wasted to the ocean or deep
    injection wells

Source
Water Use
Water Treatment
Supply Well
Wastewater Disposal
27
Unplanned Reuse
28
Unplanned Urban Hydrologic Cycle
Water Use
City 1
Wastewater Disposal
Water Use
City 2
Wastewater Disposal
Water Use
City 3
Wastewater Disposal
Etc.
29
New and Improved Urban Hydrologic Cycle
Source
X
Water Use
Water Treatment
Supply Well
Wastewater Disposal
This is where it gets interesting - where to
reuse/put/store the reclaimed water
30
Where will the reclaimed water go?
  • Land Application (irrigation, perc ponds, etc.)
  • Ponds, Lakes, Wetlands
  • Subsurface
  • ASR
  • Injection/ Recharge
  • Floridan Aquifer
  • Surficial Aquifer

31
Subsurface injection may be an attractive
alternative
  • Some of the reuse surface challenges for south
    Florida utilities are
  • Identifying enough surface recipients
  • Identify enough high-volume recipients,
    especially during wet times
  • Getting reclaimed water to them (urban pipes
    )
  • In light of these restrictions, subsurface
    injection may be an attractive alternative

32
What kind of subsurface reuse ideas are out there?
  • Saline intrusion barrier (Pompano Beach)
  • Floridan aquifer (in Broward County?)
  • Surficial aquifer (Pembroke Pines, Miami-Dade,
    others?)

33
What issues are driving subsurface reuse?(as
with other reuse options)
  • Disposal you got to put it somewhere
  • Health, environmental, water quality
    considerations (FDEP)
  • Economics, economics, economics
  • Legislation (e.g., ocean outfall legislation)
  • Water use permitting If Im increasing the size
    of the water pie, I would like to reuse it

34
Example of the complexities
Miami-Dade Metro Zoo
35
What are the issues with using reclaimed water at
the Metro Zoo?(as with most other potential
sites)
  • Miami Dade wants to use the water resources
    wisely
  • WWTP permits (FDEP)
  • SFWMD water use permit
  • Mandated in the Ocean Outfall Legislation
  • To increase its water allocation from the SFWMD

36
Example of the complexities
Moat
Reclaimed Water
Drainage Canal
Regional Canal
Proposed Biscayne Wells
Note Locations are conceptual. Intended for
discussion purposes only
37
What are the challenges?
  • Water quality
  • Reclaimed water
  • Moat
  • Wellfield
  • Canal
  • Moat or shallow wells?
  • SFWMD water use permit
  • For an offset
  • recharge wellfield
  • recharge regional canal
  • ?
  • ?
  • ?

Note Locations are generalized. Intended for
discussion purposes only
38
In Summary
  • People generate wastewater
  • Wastewater can be disposed or reused
  • If reused, it requires additional treatment
    (maybe RO, nutrient removal, etc.?)
  • Subsurface storage and recharge is an attractive
    alternative to traditional reuse
  • Reuse increases the size of the water pie, and
    reduces stress on other sources (groundwater).
  • Reclaimed water may not be perfect, but it may be
    better than not having any water, right?

39
If water is lifewater conservation and reuse
must be our way of life.
Use it Again, South Florida!
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