Topic 4 Motions of Earth, Moon, and Sun - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 42
About This Presentation
Title:

Topic 4 Motions of Earth, Moon, and Sun

Description:

Topic 4 Motions of Earth, Moon, and Sun * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Let s draw a diagram of how the moon causes tides! Lets draw a diagram of ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:186
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 43
Provided by: mrhattenC
Category:
Tags: earth | moon | motions | sun | topic

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Topic 4 Motions of Earth, Moon, and Sun


1
Topic 4 Motions of Earth, Moon, and Sun
2
Apparent Motion of Celestial Objects
  • Why do the Stars in the Sky Move?

3
1. Daily Movement of Celestial Objects
  • Stars and the Sun Rise in the East and Set in the
    West
  • Stars move 150 / Hour in the Sky.
  • Due to Earths Rotation

4
2. Apparent Motion of Celestial Objects over
months
  • Celestial Objects Change Positions as Earth
    Revolves around the Sun!
  • Example Constellations Your Sign
  • Example Moon Rise Changes by 50 minuets each
    night!

5
(No Transcript)
6
3. Apparent motion of Sun
  • How does the sun change over the year here?

7
Apparent Motion of Sun
  • Days are longer in the summer and shorter in the
    winter
  • The altitude of the Sun is higher in the summer
    and lower in the winter
  • THE SUN IS NEVER DIRECTLY OVERHEAD IN NY

8
Spring March 21
Seasons
Summer June 21
Winter Dec 21
Fall Sept. 23
9
Lets make a chart of the 4 key dates and what
they each mean.

Date
Name
Key points
10
Summer Solstice
  • June 21
  • N. Pole is tilted towards the sun
  • Sun is highest in the sky in NY
  • Longest day, shortest night
  • Sun is directly over the Tropic of Cancer 23.5 N.

11
Fall (autumnal) Equinox
  • September 23
  • Equal day and night
  • Sun is directly over the equator

12
Winter Solstice
  • December 21
  • N. Pole is tilted away from the sun
  • Shortest day, longest night
  • Sun is directly over the Tropic of Capricorn

13
Spring (vernal) Equinox
  • March 21
  • Sun is directly over the Equator
  • Equal day and night

14
Zenith
Summer Solstice June 21
Equinoxen March 21/Sept 23
Winter Solstice Dec 21
15
(No Transcript)
16
4. Geocentric vs. Heliocentric
  • Geocentric
  • Heliocentric
  • Earth Centered Solarsystem
  • Sun Centered Solarsystem

17
5. Earth Motion Rotation
  • Earth rotates on its axis
  • Axis- imaginary line though the planet from the
    North Pole to the South Pole
  • Axis of Earth tilted 23.50
  • Earth Rotates Counterclockwise
  • Tilt causes seasons

18
6. Earth Motion Proof of Rotation
  • Foucault Pendulum
  • Coriolis Effect

19
Foucault Pendulum
  • Foucault Pendulum The first good evidence of the
    Earth's rotation was provided by a swinging
    pendulum. The pendulum would continue to swing in
    the same direction while the Earth rotated
    beneath it. A more recent source of evidence of
    rotation is the swirling pattern of weather
    systems seen by satellites.

20
Coriolis Effect
  • The Coriolis Effect makes the Foucault Pendulum
    work. The rotation of the Earth puts a "spin" on
    the air movement which causes a curve in the
    travel direction. In the Northern Hemisphere the
    turn is towards the objects right.

21
(No Transcript)
22
7. Earth Motion Revolution
  • Earth Revolves around the sun once every 365 days
  • Evidence Changing background stars

23
8. Earths Moon
  • Revolves around Earth once every 27.3 days but it
    takes 29.5 days from 1 full moon to the next
  • Revolves in an elliptical orbit that is tilted 50
  • Rotates once every 27.3 Days (thus we only see
    one side of the moon)

24
9. Moon Phases
  • When the side lit up by the sun is visible to
    Earth we see the moon
  • The revolution and changing amount of light
    visible on Earth causes phases
  • The phases are cyclic

25
Phases of the moon handout
Sun way the heck to the left
26
(No Transcript)
27
(No Transcript)
28
Last Half/ Last Quarter
Waning Crescent
Waning Gibbous
New
Full
Waxing Crescent
Waxing Gibbous
First Half/ First Quarter
29
Tides
  • Cyclic rising and falling of water due to the
    gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun on Earth
  • The tides are mostly caused by the Moon because
    it is closer than the sun (More Gravitational
    Force)

30
Tides
  • The strength of gravity depends on how close two
    objects are and their masses.

m1 and m2 are masses of the objects d is the
distance
31
High Tide
  • Located on Earth directly under the moons
    position and on the opposite side of the earth
    because the solid Earth is closer to the
    Earth-moon center of gravitation than the ocean
    water

32
Low Tide
  • At a Right angle to the high tides where the pull
    from the moon is the smallest

33
Cycle of High and Low Tide
  • Since Earth rotates and the moon revolves around
    Earth there are 12 hours and 25 minutes between
    two high tides
  • A complete cycle of 2 high tides and 2 low tides
    takes 24 hours and 50 minutes!

34
Lets draw a diagram of how the moon causes
tides! Lets draw a diagram of what the tides
look like.
35
Spring Tide vs. Neap Tides
  • A Spring Tide is caused by a full moon and a new
    moon. The water springs from its highest level
    to its lowest for the month.
  • A Neap Tide is caused by the half moon phases.
    The high tide is not so high and the low is not
    so low.

36
Spring Tide Diagram
37
Neap Tide Diagram
38
Eclipses
  • Eclipse-when a celestial object partly or
    completely comes into the shadow of another
    object
  • What are the names of the two types of eclipses

39
Eclipses
  • A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth blocks out
    the Moon's sunlight. The moon goes into the
    Earth's shadow.
  • Lunar eclipses happen during a Full Moon.

penumbra
Earth
umbra
moon
sun
40
(No Transcript)
41
  • A solar eclipse is when the moon blocks sunlight
    from reaching the Earth.
  • Solar Eclipses happen during a New Moon.
  • Eclipses do not occur every time there is a full
    or new moon because the moon's orbit around the
    Earth is inclined.

moon
sun
penumbra
umbra
Earth
42
A view of a Solar Eclipse as Seen from Space
  • http//www.stormcenter.com/media/060331/
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com