Hydroelectric powerstations in Sweden

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Taking care of nature
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• The pollution of our lakes and oceans, global
  warming and the discharge from mineral fuels are
  only some of the many threats against our
  environment.
• The discharge from mineral fuels is one of the
  biggest environmental problems in the world.
• The usage of mineral fuels develops several
  substances that are harmful to the environment
  such as nitric oxide and sulphur dioxide.
• In order to stop the acidification we have to
  find more environmentally friendly ways to
  produce energy.
• Water power, wind power and solar cells dont
  produce any dangerous discharges

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• The production industry today is bigger than
  ever.
• An easy way for everyone to commit to helping the
  environment is by recycling.
• During the incineration of recycled materials
  dangerous gases are formed which hurt our
  environment in one way or the other.
• The provided materials will eventually run out

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Waterpower

• In Sweden

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Facts

• One of the most environmentally friendly
  energy-sources
• 1200 hydroelectric power stations in Sweden
• 64 Twh / year

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Advantages

• Clean and renewable energy
• Cheap
• Very effective

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Disadvantages

• A different landscape
• Plants, fish and animals become suffered

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Companies do...

• Pay money to the county administration
• Salmonstairs

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Future

• No expansion of hydroelectric power station
• Increasing with 27 TWh 91 TWh / year

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Waterpower in Sweden

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How a hydroelectricpowerstation works

• In a hydroelectric power station the waters
  potential energy is exploited between two levels.
  Water flows from a higher level to a lower one.
• On the way it strains a turbine.
• The power of the water gets the turbine-shaft to
  rotate.
• The turbine runs an electrical generator which
  transforms the motive energy to electrical
  energy.
• After that the electricity are being transported
  by a transformer out on pipes to the households.

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Harsprånget - Swedens biggest hydroelectric power
station

• This hydroelectric powerstation Harsprånget lies
  in Jokkmokk, which is in the Northern part of
  Sweden. The water comes from a big river, which
  is called river Lule.
• A lot of men started building the station in
  1919. The building was shut down 4 years later.
• 1945 the building re-established.
• The first turbine go adrit in 1951.

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Forse - a hydroelectric power station

• This hydroelectric power station lies in
  Långsele.
• In 1955 they started bursting rocks and in 1968
  it opened.
• This station in Forse has 2 turbines.
• The 2 turbines have names, they are called Tyko
  and Hillevi.
• The station has the efficiency 52MV.
• The annual production is 261GWh.
• You disturb the ecosystems, while creating a
  hydro electric power station since you have to
  blast so much stone.

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Pictures from Forse
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Sources

• www.kumlins.com
• www.hitta.se
• www.tolotek.org

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ETHANOL
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Ethanol

• What is Ethanol?
• Produced from grain, sugar canes or corn
• Used as a fuel, E85

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Ethanol in Sweden

• Trying to end the oil dependency
• All larger fuel stations must provide alternate
  fuels
• Worlds second largest consumer
• 792 bioethanol stations
• Gasoline consists of 5-10 ethanol

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Advantages

• A renewable source of energy
• Environmentally friendlier than gasoline
• Doesnt increase the global warming

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Disadvantages

• Requires a large area of growth
• Might cause food shortages
• Rainforests are being cut down
• Bad working conditions
• Hard to produce
• Not as price worthy

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Conclusion

• Better than gasoline
• Not perfect
• A step towards a durable solution