Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS) in China

1
Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS) in China
2
Scale of Emission Reduction Challenge

• China is world's largest CO2 emitter
• China accounts for 24 of global energy related
  CO2 emissions, US for 21, EU-15 for 12

3
Importance of Coal for China

• Coal accounts for nearly 70 of China's energy
  needs
• China has the second largest domestic coal
  reserves in the world
• Rapid growth in power sector and industrial
  sector such as steel are the main drivers of
  increasing coal use

4
Total Primary Energy Demand in China
5
Current Efforts to reduce dependence on coal in
China

• Focus is on improving energy efficiency and
  promoting renewables and other alternative
  technologies
• Key targets and requirements determined by
  Chinese Government
• target to reduce coal in energy mix below 60
• requirement that 15 of total energy should come
  from renewables by 2020 (including Renewable
  Energy Law)
• target of 40 GW of nuclear power by 2020 (up from
  6.6 GW in 2005)
• requirement that all new large power plants use
  high efficiency super-critical coal-fired
  technology
• expected improvement in coal power generation
  efficiency from 32 in 2000 to 39 in 2030

6
Coal based Power Generation Technology in China
Source IEA analysis based on data obtained from
industry experts
Indicates current efficiency. Improvements are
expected in the future
? current power Generation is based on the least
efficient, cheapest technology
7
Potential role of energy efficiency renewables
in reducing China's emissions from Coal

• Even with strong policy incentives for energy
  efficiency, renewables and other low carbon
  technologies, coal will remain a major part of
  China's energy mix until at least 2030

Source IEA World Energy Outlook 2007
8
Current activity on CCS in China

• Ministry of Science and Technology is developing
  a long-term CCS RD strategy
• Current activities are focused on small,
  standalone demonstration projects, focus on
  pre-combustion (IGCC) options
• International cooperation projects with USA,
  Australia, Japan, Canada and EU

9
Three broad strategic options for future EU-China
CCS cooperation

• Option 1 A stand alone demonstration plant
• Option 2 large-scale project closely aligned
  with EU demonstration programme
• Option 3 Broader CCS initiative covering other
  industrial applications and wider infrastructure
  investment

10
Key factors with significant influence on the
future of CCS

• 1. Location and adequacy of CO2 storage sites
  (see map)
• 2. Development of a regulatory framework for CCS
  in China
• 3. Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) framework
  for CCS initiatives

Source APEC (2005) Assessment of Geological
Storage Potential of Carbon Dioxide in the APEC
Region - Phase 1
11
Opportunities for Progress

• UNFCCC and multilateral financing mechanisms
• Other European financing possibilities
• Possible G8 CCS Initiative

12
Further information
This presentation is based on the briefing paper
"CCS in China" prepared by E3G www.germanwatch.or
g/klima/ccs-china Further information on CCS (in
German) www.germanwatch.org/klima/ccs Further
information on climate protection (in
English) www.germanwatch.org/klima/en
Imprint Published by Germanwatch Edited by
Anne Koch, Qian Cheng, Dr. Gerold Kier, Dr.
Manfred Treber With financial support from
Responsibility for the contents of this
publication rests with Germanwatch May 2009