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Reproduction in Poultry

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Reproduction in Poultry Original Power Point by Linda Rist Modified by Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office June 2002 Different from mammals young are not ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Reproduction in Poultry


1
Reproduction in Poultry
  • Original Power Point by Linda Rist
  • Modified by Georgia Agricultural Education
    Curriculum Office
  • June 2002

2
Different from mammals
  • young are not carried in the hens body
  • develop inside a fertilized egg outside the hens
    body

3
Process
  • begins with male placing the sperm into oviduct
    of the female
  • male papillae deposits sperm in cloacal wall of
    female

4
Process
  • sperm move up the oviduct to the funnel where the
    egg is fertilized
  • sperm cells remain in oviduct 2-3 weeks after
    mating

5
Process
  • sperm have full fertilizing ability for about 6
    days
  • after then - ability of sperm to fertilize egg is
    decreased

6
Sperm viability
  • 10th day - 50 ability
  • 19th day - 15 ability

7
Process
  • after yolk is fertilized it moves through the
    tract where the rest of the egg is added
  • egg is laid - embryo grows inside the shell

8
Incubation
  • keeping eggs at the right temperature and
    humidity for hatching
  • hen does this by sitting on the eggs

9
Incubation
  • commercial hatcheries use mechanical incubators
  • incubation of chickens is 21 days

10
Incubation
  • temperature 102 - 103 F.
  • RH - (relative humidity) 60 for the first 18
    days
  • RH 70 for the last 3 days

11
Incubation
  • eggs are turned twice daily for the first 15 days
  • keeps the embryo from sticking to the inside of
    the shell
  • Provide a small amount of oxygen

12
Oviduct
  • has five parts
  • Funnel - receives the yolk from the ovary
  • sperm cells received from the rooster are stored
    here

13
Magnum
  • secretes the thick white of the egg
  • It takes three hours for the thick white to be
    placed around the yolk in the magnum

14
Isthmus
  • the yolk and thick white then moves to the
    Isthmus
  • 2 shell membranes are added
  • It takes 1 1/4 hours

15
Uterus
  • thin white and outer shell are added to the egg
    in the uterus
  • egg remains in the uterus about 20 hours

16
Vagina
  • after the egg is completed it moves to the vagina
  • stays in the vagina for a short time and is then
    expelled from the hens body

17
One egg
  • It takes 25-27 hours for a chicken to produce one
    egg

18
Ovary
  • In the chicken only the left ovary and oviduct
    function
  • the ova produced in the ovary develop into egg
    yolks

19
Reproductive Failures
  • general physical condition of animal
  • has an effect on the ability to reproduce

20
Reproductive Failures
  • too fat or too thin may not become pregnant
  • proper nutrition and exercise can help prevent
    this

21
Reproductive Failures
  • animals in poor physical condition can have
    trouble giving birth

22
Infections
  • affect reproductive organs
  • some may prevent pregnancy
  • others may cause a spontaneous abortion -
    miscarriage

23
Infections
  • if animal does become pregnant it may deliver a
    weak animal which may not live

24
Infection
  • of uterus
  • almost always fatal to embryo or fetus

25
Hormones
  • sexual behavior of animals is regulated by the
    secretion of hormones
  • when not properly secreted the animal may not be
    able to reproduce

26
Hormones
  • sometimes animals are treated with injected
    hormones

27
Cyst
  • swelling containing fluid or semi solid substance
  • may cause reproduction or breeding problems
  • may be surgically removed depending on the value
    of the animal
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