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Minimizing Accidents & Injuries On and Off the Job

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On and Off the Job Using The Hazard Recognition Approach To Accident Prevention Responsibility/ Accountability Productivity HAZARD RECOGNITION The systematic ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Minimizing Accidents & Injuries On and Off the Job


1
Minimizing Accidents InjuriesOn and Off the Job
  • Using The Hazard Recognition Approach To
    Accident Prevention

Responsibility/ Accountability
Productivity
2
HAZARD RECOGNITION
  • The systematic observation and identification
    of unsafe conditions, at-risk behaviors and
    underlying management system weaknesses that if
    permitted to continue may lead to employee injury
    or illness.

3
Hazard Recognition/Assessment
  • Stimulate Safety Awareness
  • Intended to Change Employees Overall Work
    Behavior
  • Trigger Mechanism To Identify All Potential
    Hazards On A Job Prior To Beginning Work On That
    Job
  • Positive Intervention Feedback

4
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
  • Provide practical knowledge of Principles of
    Hazard Recognition
  • Increase awareness observation skills
  • Help integrate into daily management leadership
    activities
  • Create opportunity to apply positive intervention
    and feedback skills, by focusing on and
    identifying workplace hazards.
  • Provide value-added observations
  • Suggestions to enhance facility safety effort
  • Understanding the importance of Controlled Energy
    State, by defining it, how to apply it, and what
    forms of energy to look for.

5
  • The Intent of Hazard Recognition/Assessment is
    for everyone to have adequate knowledge of the
    Potential Hazards of the work and work location
    in order to perform the job as safely as
    possible!!

6
  • With the emphasis on Safety at Austin
    Industrial, people generally know both what to do
    and what not to do regarding their safety. Yet,
    with all of this knowledge of rules and
    regulations and safety dos and donts, PEOPLE
    ARE STILL GETTING HURT!!

7
  • HAZARD RECOGNITION is one element of a
    comprehensive approach to safety and health. To
    be effective, HAZARD RECOGNITION should be
    implemented along with the other key elements of
    safety and health management.

8
Hazard Recognition / Assessment
  • Procedure To Review Job Methods and Uncover
    Hazards
  • Four Steps
  • Select The Job
  • Break The Job Down into smaller tasks
  • Identify Hazards and Potential Accidents
  • Develop Solutions

9
Safety Process Subsystems
Behavior Activity Measures Employee
Participation Personal Actions Rewards
Recognition
Safe Work Environment OSHA Compliance Engineering
Controls Traditional Safety
Management Objective Setting Accountability
Roles Resource Provision
10
Processes / Programs Necessary for Safety
Excellence
  • Management
  • Defined Roles,Responsibilities and Accountability
    for all levels
  • Incident Investigation
  • Case Management
  • Communication

11
Safety Subsystems Behavior
Personal Safety Activities
Behavior Activity Measures Employee
Participation Personal Actions
Behavioral Accident Prevention
Job Safety Assessments
Hazard Recognition
Site Safety Councils
Site Safety Activities
12
Processes / Programs necessary for Safety
Excellence
  • Behavioral
  • Behavioral Accident Prevention / Intervention
    Process

13
Behavior Subsystem
  • Behavioral Observation Programs
  • Identifies and addresses unsafe behaviors before
    an incident occurs
  • Positive Intervention Feedback
  • Committed employees
  • Job Safety Assessment Programs
  • Identifies and addresses hazards related to
    performing a task
  • Hazards addressed before an incident occurs
  • Committed employees

14
  • Positive Intervention
  • Immediate (Question what doesnt seem right)
  • Soon, Certain and Positive--Strongest
  • Must stop unsafe behavior
  • Encourage and reinforce safe / desired behavior
  • Talk with people
  • Role model

15
Safety Subsystems Safe Workplace
HSE Management Control Process
Safe Workplace OSHA Compliance Engineering
Controls Traditional Workplace Safety
Safety Program Reviews
Incident Investigation/ Incident
Management System

Client HSE Requirements
Case Management
Safe Work Permit
16
Safe Work Environment Subsystem
  • Regulatory Requirements
  • Noise
  • Energy Isolation (lockout/tagout)
  • Process safety management
  • Confined Space
  • Fall Protection
  • Crane safety
  • Welding Operations
  • Client Processes
  • Etc.

17
PROACTIVE SAFETY MANAGEMENT
Proactive Safety Management measures progress by
Safe Behavior not by accident rates
Fatalities
Lost-time
Accidents
Reactive Safety Management
OSHA Recordables
First Aid
PROACTIVE Safety Management
BEHAVIOR
18
Fatalities
Lost-Time Accidents
Recordable Accidents
First Aid Accidents
Unsafe Behaviors
How to Measure Safety Performance? Where to
Focus Safety Efforts?
19
Austin Industrial Safety Cycle
Action
Action
Upper Limit
Recordable Rate
Lower Limit
Withdrawal
20
What Is Safety?
21
Safety Is a function of Accountability /
Responsibility
22
Safety Is
  • Accountability Stop accepting accidents as a
    cost of doing business and as uncontrollable
    events characteristic of the hazards of daily
    activity. People fail to recognize potential,
    assume it wont happen to them, believe taking
    shortcuts (risks) is justified by success. And as
    a result someone gets injured.

23
TYPES OF HAZARDS
  • BEHAVIORAL
  • PHYSICAL
  • CHEMICAL
  • BIOLOGICAL

24
TYPES OF HAZARDS
  • Behavioral
  • Acts of People

25
BEHAVIORAL HAZARDS - PEOPLE FACTORS
  • KEY AT-RISK BEHAVIORS
  • Failure to follow safety rules procedures
  • Working in an unsafe position or posture
  • Failure to wear proper PPE
  • Using defective tools or equipment
  • Removing or making safety devices inoperable
  • Opening piping, vessels etc. without assuring
    safe condition
  • Operating or using equipment without proper
    training or authority

26
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
  • Inadequate Machinery Guarding
  • Exposed Electrical Wiring
  • Inadequate Lighting
  • Defective Hand Tools
  • Unsafe Working or Walking Surfaces
  • Improper Job Task or Workplace Design

27
MATERIALS
  • Storage
  • Chemical / Fuels
  • Compressed Gases

28
EQUIPMENT
  • Hand / Portable Tools
  • Machine Tools Guarding
  • Lifting Equipment
  • Pressure / Reaction Vessels
  • Power Tools
  • Electrical

29
LOCK-OUT SYSTEMS
  • Energy Isolation systems
  • Signs / Tags

30
HAZARDOUS WORK
  • Confined Space
  • Fork / Lift Truck
  • Hydroblasting (high pressure water cleaning)
  • Excavation / Trenching
  • Crane Operations
  • Elevated Work

31
TYPES OF HAZARDS
  • Chemical
  • Inhalation exposures
  • Acid burns to skin
  • Chemical splash to eyes

32
TYPES OF HAZARDS
  • Biological
  • Exposure to bloodborne pathogens

33
The first minute in an area concentrate entirely
on the actions of the people in the work area and
ask yourself three questions
  • 1) Are they doing the job right?
  • Right from safety and health standpoint
  • 2) Could they get injured or cause
  • damage to property?
  • 3) Does anything look different, out
  • of place?

34
Preparation for Inspections
  • Consider
  • What is to be Reviewed?
  • Who is going to perform?
  • Who is responsible to act on information?
  • Have people involved been trained
  • Are checklists available?
  • How often?

35
GENERAL WORKPLACE CONDITIONSWhere To
LookWhat To Look For
  • Facilities
  • Floors (Walking Working Surfaces)
  • Platforms / Scaffolds
  • Ladders
  • Stairs
  • Ventilation
  • Lighting
  • Ergonomic Factors

36
  • Observation Techniques
  • Factual observation (what you see is probably not
    what you thought you saw)
  • First minute --- Best picture of reality
  • Observe behavior and people
  • Looks Like Duck--Quacks Like Duck--Probably is a
    Duck

37
  • Traditional safety strategies, including
    protective equipment, job redesign, procedures,
    campaigns, motivational programs and
    awards--although they have had success in
    reducing accidents and injuries in the past--have
    been yielding diminishing returns. Improved
    strategies will continue to only marginally
    increase occupational safety and health.

38
  • A greater effect may be achieved by directly
    addressing personal risk behaviors. To begin, we
    asked the following question WHICH BASIC HUMAN
    BEHAVIORS, IF EFFECTIVELY MANAGED, WILL
    SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE WORKPLACE ACCIDENTS AND
    INJURIES?

39
Purpose of Hazard Recognition Process
  • To make participants aware of their role and
    responsibility for the safety of themselves, each
    other, in order to empower them to reduce the
    number and severity of accidents and injuries on
    and off the job.

40
Benefits of Hazard Recognition
  • As a result of Hazard Recognition, employees will
    be able to
  • Minimize the number and severity of accidents and
    injuries on and off the job
  • Understand the role of personal risk behaviors as
    primary causes of accidents and injuries
  • Distinguish between personal responsibility and
    company responsibility
  • Be responsible and accountable for the safety of
    themselves and others

41
Benefits (contd)
  • Increase safety awareness for themselves and
    others
  • Discover an effective technology for accident and
    injury prevention
  • Reduce stress

42
Benefits (contd)
  • Learn the skills to manage others for appropriate
    safety behavior
  • Bring forth their personal commitment to
    everyones safety

43
Man Machine Uncontrolled Energy Release
Accident
Energy Source
  • Gravity
  • Chemical
  • Thermal
  • Residual Stored
  • Pneumatic
  • Hydraulic
  • Pressurized Liquids / Gases
  • Mechanical
  • Associated Hazards

Accident Triangle
Man
Machine
Removing one element or creating effective
barriers will reduce risk of having accident.
44
SOURCES OF ENERGY
  • Electrical
  • Mechanical
  • Hydraulic
  • Pneumatic
  • Thermal
  • Residual Stored
  • Gravity
  • Pressurized Liquids / Gases
  • Chemicals

45
RECOGNIZE AND CORRECT HAZARDS.
46
Chemicals must be stored in a safe and orderly
condition.
47
Appropriate storage cabinets and rooms must be
provided for storage of flammable materials.
Proper flammable storage cabinet.
Proper outdoor flammable storage room.
48
Tanks, drums and containers of flammable
materials must be properly bonded and grounded
during dispensing.
Bonding and grounding straps.
No bonding or grounding straps for flammable
dispensing.
49
Incompatible materials must be separated to avoid
adverse chemical reactions.
Proper signage for incompatible materials.
Improper storage of incompatible oxygen and
acetylene.
50
CHEMICALS
Adequate number of waste containers must be
available and properly stored for waste disposal.

Proper flammable waste can.
Proper waste staging.
51
Compressed gas cylinders must be stored upright
and secured to prevent falling over.
Properly secured cylinders. Improper cylinder
segregation
Improperly secured cylinders.
52
Cylinders must be segregated by content and
hazard.
Proper flammable cylinder segregation.
Improper cylinder segregation.
53
Cylinders must be stored with the caps in place
when not in use.
Cylinder caps properly in place.
Missing cylinder caps. Cylinders not secured
54
Electrical control panels must be accessible with
free and ready access.
Blocked access to circuit breaker box.
Poor access to disconnects.
55
Electrical control panels must be accessible with
free and ready access.
Good access to electrical panels.
Good access to electrical panels.
56
Electrical control panels, junction boxes and
switches must be free of openings into internal
electrical components.
Missing cover on junction box.
Exposed wiring into motor housing.
57
Electrical components must be protected from
environmental and workplace conditions.
Water corroded electrical enclosure.
Acid corroded electrical disconnect.
58
Multiple outlet electrical boxes (designed for
mounting) must not be used as extension cords.
Improper and damaged extension cords.
Improper and damaged extension cord.
59
Multiple outlet power strips must be used within
their capacity and not as permanent replacements
for fixed outlets.
Improper use of power strip.
Improper use of power strip as fixed outlet.
60
Flexible electrical cords must be maintained away
from wet location.
Unprotected flexible extension cord used in wet
location.
Flexible extension cord used in potentially wet
location.
61
Portable ladders must be properly secured and on
firm level ground.
All Portable Ladders -Securely positioned on
the ground. Extension Ladders -Extend
sufficiently over the landing platform
(3ft.) -Secured at the top during use.
Unstable ground support for extension ladder.
62
Compressed air must only be used for cleaning
equipment and not the employees body.
Proper use of compressed air to clean equipment.
Improper use of compressed air to clean the
employee.
63
Conveyors must be provided with safe means for
crossing over or under.
Proper bridge crossing under conveyor.
Improper crossing over conveyor.
64
Abrasive wheel grinders must have appropriately
adjusted tool rests and tongue guards.
TOUNGE GUARD ΒΌ
TOOL/WORK REST 1/8
Properly adjusted grinder guard.
65
Abrasive wheel grinders must have appropriately
adjusted tool rests and tongue guards.
Tool rest improperly adjusted.
No tool rest, tongue guard or side guard.
66
Material stored in racks must be stable and
securely positioned.
Unstable storage of materials.
Unstable storage of materials.
67
Wheel chocks must be provided and utilized by
trucks and vehicles during loading and unloading.
Properly used wheel chock.
Failure to use wheel chock.
68
Fall Hazards
Work on top of a railcar.
Work on internal building structures.
69
Fall Hazards
Work on unguarded roof.
Work on top of equipment.
70
Full body harnesses must be worn in all fall
hazard situations with the potential for free
fall.
Full Body Harness
Use of body belt not acceptable.
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