Title: Minimizing Accidents & Injuries On and Off the Job
1Minimizing Accidents InjuriesOn and Off the Job
- Using The Hazard Recognition Approach To
Accident Prevention
Responsibility/ Accountability
Productivity
2HAZARD RECOGNITION
- The systematic observation and identification
of unsafe conditions, at-risk behaviors and
underlying management system weaknesses that if
permitted to continue may lead to employee injury
or illness.
3Hazard Recognition/Assessment
- Stimulate Safety Awareness
- Intended to Change Employees Overall Work
Behavior - Trigger Mechanism To Identify All Potential
Hazards On A Job Prior To Beginning Work On That
Job - Positive Intervention Feedback
4LEARNING OBJECTIVES
- Provide practical knowledge of Principles of
Hazard Recognition - Increase awareness observation skills
- Help integrate into daily management leadership
activities - Create opportunity to apply positive intervention
and feedback skills, by focusing on and
identifying workplace hazards. - Provide value-added observations
- Suggestions to enhance facility safety effort
- Understanding the importance of Controlled Energy
State, by defining it, how to apply it, and what
forms of energy to look for.
5- The Intent of Hazard Recognition/Assessment is
for everyone to have adequate knowledge of the
Potential Hazards of the work and work location
in order to perform the job as safely as
possible!!
6- With the emphasis on Safety at Austin
Industrial, people generally know both what to do
and what not to do regarding their safety. Yet,
with all of this knowledge of rules and
regulations and safety dos and donts, PEOPLE
ARE STILL GETTING HURT!!
7- HAZARD RECOGNITION is one element of a
comprehensive approach to safety and health. To
be effective, HAZARD RECOGNITION should be
implemented along with the other key elements of
safety and health management.
8Hazard Recognition / Assessment
- Procedure To Review Job Methods and Uncover
Hazards - Four Steps
- Select The Job
- Break The Job Down into smaller tasks
- Identify Hazards and Potential Accidents
- Develop Solutions
9Safety Process Subsystems
Behavior Activity Measures Employee
Participation Personal Actions Rewards
Recognition
Safe Work Environment OSHA Compliance Engineering
Controls Traditional Safety
Management Objective Setting Accountability
Roles Resource Provision
10Processes / Programs Necessary for Safety
Excellence
- Management
- Defined Roles,Responsibilities and Accountability
for all levels - Incident Investigation
- Case Management
- Communication
11Safety Subsystems Behavior
Personal Safety Activities
Behavior Activity Measures Employee
Participation Personal Actions
Behavioral Accident Prevention
Job Safety Assessments
Hazard Recognition
Site Safety Councils
Site Safety Activities
12Processes / Programs necessary for Safety
Excellence
- Behavioral
- Behavioral Accident Prevention / Intervention
Process
13Behavior Subsystem
- Behavioral Observation Programs
- Identifies and addresses unsafe behaviors before
an incident occurs - Positive Intervention Feedback
- Committed employees
- Job Safety Assessment Programs
- Identifies and addresses hazards related to
performing a task - Hazards addressed before an incident occurs
- Committed employees
14- Positive Intervention
- Immediate (Question what doesnt seem right)
- Soon, Certain and Positive--Strongest
- Must stop unsafe behavior
- Encourage and reinforce safe / desired behavior
- Talk with people
- Role model
15Safety Subsystems Safe Workplace
HSE Management Control Process
Safe Workplace OSHA Compliance Engineering
Controls Traditional Workplace Safety
Safety Program Reviews
Incident Investigation/ Incident
Management System
Client HSE Requirements
Case Management
Safe Work Permit
16Safe Work Environment Subsystem
- Regulatory Requirements
- Noise
- Energy Isolation (lockout/tagout)
- Process safety management
- Confined Space
- Fall Protection
- Crane safety
- Welding Operations
- Client Processes
- Etc.
17PROACTIVE SAFETY MANAGEMENT
Proactive Safety Management measures progress by
Safe Behavior not by accident rates
Fatalities
Lost-time
Accidents
Reactive Safety Management
OSHA Recordables
First Aid
PROACTIVE Safety Management
BEHAVIOR
18Fatalities
Lost-Time Accidents
Recordable Accidents
First Aid Accidents
Unsafe Behaviors
How to Measure Safety Performance? Where to
Focus Safety Efforts?
19Austin Industrial Safety Cycle
Action
Action
Upper Limit
Recordable Rate
Lower Limit
Withdrawal
20What Is Safety?
21Safety Is a function of Accountability /
Responsibility
22Safety Is
- Accountability Stop accepting accidents as a
cost of doing business and as uncontrollable
events characteristic of the hazards of daily
activity. People fail to recognize potential,
assume it wont happen to them, believe taking
shortcuts (risks) is justified by success. And as
a result someone gets injured.
23TYPES OF HAZARDS
- BEHAVIORAL
- PHYSICAL
- CHEMICAL
- BIOLOGICAL
24TYPES OF HAZARDS
- Behavioral
- Acts of People
25BEHAVIORAL HAZARDS - PEOPLE FACTORS
- KEY AT-RISK BEHAVIORS
- Failure to follow safety rules procedures
- Working in an unsafe position or posture
- Failure to wear proper PPE
- Using defective tools or equipment
- Removing or making safety devices inoperable
- Opening piping, vessels etc. without assuring
safe condition - Operating or using equipment without proper
training or authority
26PHYSICAL HAZARDS
- Inadequate Machinery Guarding
- Exposed Electrical Wiring
- Inadequate Lighting
- Defective Hand Tools
- Unsafe Working or Walking Surfaces
- Improper Job Task or Workplace Design
27MATERIALS
- Storage
- Chemical / Fuels
- Compressed Gases
28EQUIPMENT
- Hand / Portable Tools
- Machine Tools Guarding
- Lifting Equipment
- Pressure / Reaction Vessels
- Power Tools
- Electrical
29LOCK-OUT SYSTEMS
- Energy Isolation systems
- Signs / Tags
30HAZARDOUS WORK
- Confined Space
- Fork / Lift Truck
- Hydroblasting (high pressure water cleaning)
- Excavation / Trenching
- Crane Operations
- Elevated Work
31TYPES OF HAZARDS
- Chemical
- Inhalation exposures
- Acid burns to skin
- Chemical splash to eyes
32TYPES OF HAZARDS
- Biological
- Exposure to bloodborne pathogens
33The first minute in an area concentrate entirely
on the actions of the people in the work area and
ask yourself three questions
- 1) Are they doing the job right?
- Right from safety and health standpoint
- 2) Could they get injured or cause
- damage to property?
- 3) Does anything look different, out
- of place?
34Preparation for Inspections
- Consider
- What is to be Reviewed?
- Who is going to perform?
- Who is responsible to act on information?
- Have people involved been trained
- Are checklists available?
- How often?
35GENERAL WORKPLACE CONDITIONSWhere To
LookWhat To Look For
- Facilities
- Floors (Walking Working Surfaces)
- Platforms / Scaffolds
- Ladders
- Stairs
- Ventilation
- Lighting
- Ergonomic Factors
36- Observation Techniques
- Factual observation (what you see is probably not
what you thought you saw) - First minute --- Best picture of reality
- Observe behavior and people
- Looks Like Duck--Quacks Like Duck--Probably is a
Duck
37- Traditional safety strategies, including
protective equipment, job redesign, procedures,
campaigns, motivational programs and
awards--although they have had success in
reducing accidents and injuries in the past--have
been yielding diminishing returns. Improved
strategies will continue to only marginally
increase occupational safety and health.
38- A greater effect may be achieved by directly
addressing personal risk behaviors. To begin, we
asked the following question WHICH BASIC HUMAN
BEHAVIORS, IF EFFECTIVELY MANAGED, WILL
SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE WORKPLACE ACCIDENTS AND
INJURIES?
39Purpose of Hazard Recognition Process
- To make participants aware of their role and
responsibility for the safety of themselves, each
other, in order to empower them to reduce the
number and severity of accidents and injuries on
and off the job.
40Benefits of Hazard Recognition
- As a result of Hazard Recognition, employees will
be able to - Minimize the number and severity of accidents and
injuries on and off the job - Understand the role of personal risk behaviors as
primary causes of accidents and injuries - Distinguish between personal responsibility and
company responsibility - Be responsible and accountable for the safety of
themselves and others
41Benefits (contd)
- Increase safety awareness for themselves and
others - Discover an effective technology for accident and
injury prevention - Reduce stress
42Benefits (contd)
- Learn the skills to manage others for appropriate
safety behavior - Bring forth their personal commitment to
everyones safety
43Man Machine Uncontrolled Energy Release
Accident
Energy Source
- Gravity
- Chemical
- Thermal
- Residual Stored
- Pneumatic
- Hydraulic
- Pressurized Liquids / Gases
- Mechanical
Accident Triangle
Man
Machine
Removing one element or creating effective
barriers will reduce risk of having accident.
44SOURCES OF ENERGY
- Electrical
- Mechanical
- Hydraulic
- Pneumatic
- Thermal
- Residual Stored
- Gravity
- Pressurized Liquids / Gases
- Chemicals
45RECOGNIZE AND CORRECT HAZARDS.
46Chemicals must be stored in a safe and orderly
condition.
47Appropriate storage cabinets and rooms must be
provided for storage of flammable materials.
Proper flammable storage cabinet.
Proper outdoor flammable storage room.
48Tanks, drums and containers of flammable
materials must be properly bonded and grounded
during dispensing.
Bonding and grounding straps.
No bonding or grounding straps for flammable
dispensing.
49Incompatible materials must be separated to avoid
adverse chemical reactions.
Proper signage for incompatible materials.
Improper storage of incompatible oxygen and
acetylene.
50CHEMICALS
Adequate number of waste containers must be
available and properly stored for waste disposal.
Proper flammable waste can.
Proper waste staging.
51Compressed gas cylinders must be stored upright
and secured to prevent falling over.
Properly secured cylinders. Improper cylinder
segregation
Improperly secured cylinders.
52Cylinders must be segregated by content and
hazard.
Proper flammable cylinder segregation.
Improper cylinder segregation.
53Cylinders must be stored with the caps in place
when not in use.
Cylinder caps properly in place.
Missing cylinder caps. Cylinders not secured
54Electrical control panels must be accessible with
free and ready access.
Blocked access to circuit breaker box.
Poor access to disconnects.
55Electrical control panels must be accessible with
free and ready access.
Good access to electrical panels.
Good access to electrical panels.
56Electrical control panels, junction boxes and
switches must be free of openings into internal
electrical components.
Missing cover on junction box.
Exposed wiring into motor housing.
57Electrical components must be protected from
environmental and workplace conditions.
Water corroded electrical enclosure.
Acid corroded electrical disconnect.
58Multiple outlet electrical boxes (designed for
mounting) must not be used as extension cords.
Improper and damaged extension cords.
Improper and damaged extension cord.
59Multiple outlet power strips must be used within
their capacity and not as permanent replacements
for fixed outlets.
Improper use of power strip.
Improper use of power strip as fixed outlet.
60Flexible electrical cords must be maintained away
from wet location.
Unprotected flexible extension cord used in wet
location.
Flexible extension cord used in potentially wet
location.
61Portable ladders must be properly secured and on
firm level ground.
All Portable Ladders -Securely positioned on
the ground. Extension Ladders -Extend
sufficiently over the landing platform
(3ft.) -Secured at the top during use.
Unstable ground support for extension ladder.
62Compressed air must only be used for cleaning
equipment and not the employees body.
Proper use of compressed air to clean equipment.
Improper use of compressed air to clean the
employee.
63Conveyors must be provided with safe means for
crossing over or under.
Proper bridge crossing under conveyor.
Improper crossing over conveyor.
64Abrasive wheel grinders must have appropriately
adjusted tool rests and tongue guards.
TOUNGE GUARD ΒΌ
TOOL/WORK REST 1/8
Properly adjusted grinder guard.
65Abrasive wheel grinders must have appropriately
adjusted tool rests and tongue guards.
Tool rest improperly adjusted.
No tool rest, tongue guard or side guard.
66Material stored in racks must be stable and
securely positioned.
Unstable storage of materials.
Unstable storage of materials.
67Wheel chocks must be provided and utilized by
trucks and vehicles during loading and unloading.
Properly used wheel chock.
Failure to use wheel chock.
68Fall Hazards
Work on top of a railcar.
Work on internal building structures.
69Fall Hazards
Work on unguarded roof.
Work on top of equipment.
70Full body harnesses must be worn in all fall
hazard situations with the potential for free
fall.
Full Body Harness
Use of body belt not acceptable.
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