Hedging the Risk of Uncertain Energy Costs The Road Map to innovative and emerging technologies

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Hedging the Risk of Uncertain Energy Costs The
Road Map to innovative and emerging technologies

• a report from
• Energy Innovation Group
• Tomorrows Technologies Today

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Contents

• Overview of the Opportunity 3-12
• Lighting Power Regulator 13-16
• HVAC Cycle Manager 17-20
• Ultraviolet (UVC) Emitters 21-26
• Demand Ventilation Control CO2 Sensor
  System 27-29
• Wireless and Web-Based EMS 30-31
• Garage Fan CO Sensor and VFD System 32-35
• Turbocor Oil-free Refrigerant Compressor 36-44
• Solar Protection Window Film 45-48
• Action Plan 49

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Roadmap to further cut energy cost

• If you have a mandate to further reduce costs
• And youve done most all you can to cut costs ...
• To save 10-30 more, you must use latest
  technologies
• With rebates covering 50 to 100 of project cost
  
• Resulting in paybacks from 12 to 36 months
• And you can complete projects with no cash outlay.

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Energy demand is rising and prices follow demand
Delivered commercial energy consumption per
capita - from DOE/EIA Annual Energy Outlook 2006

• Department of Energy data illustrates increasing
  power demand.
• You will not offset future cost increases with
  conventional approaches.

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Only one strategy materially cuts your present
costs
Delivered commercial energy intensity (variation
from reference case) - DOE/EIA Annual Energy
Outlook 2006

• Department of Energy data demonstrates that only
  with the
• best available technology can you significantly
  cut cost.

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What level of savings is realistically attainable

• Additional energy savings of 8 to 12 are being
  achieved for facilities that are already highly
  efficient
• But savings can reach 25 to 30 for facilities
  that have not yet effectively engaged in energy
  efficiency.

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Savings potential of emerging technologies

• HVACR SAVINGS ---
• Save to 50 with compressor and controls
  advances, CO and CO2 sensors,
• wireless EMS, and ultraviolet UVC.
• LIGHTING SAVINGS ---
• Save 20 to 35 for buildings, garages, and street
  lighting with lighting controls.
• IMPROVED INDOOR AIR QUALITY ---
• Protect health with ultraviolet emitters to
  destroy DNA of virus, bacteria, mold.
• MAINTENANCE SAVINGS --
• Eliminate A/C coil cleaning cost with UVC
  emitters to keep coils clean.

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CB Richard Ellis"Your program not only
produced rebates, but it led to many projects
that otherwise wouldn't have happened. You helped
us quantify the opportunities and then guided us
through to their completion..."
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Trammell Crow Company"We consider this a
unique approach to utilize our relationships and
infrastructure to benefit our clients and to
significantly expand energy efficiency throughout
our client base."
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Charles Dunn Real Estate Services"Your
program and its personnel became an invaluable
resource to us in identifying and implementing
opportunities to reduce energy cost and
receive very attractive rebates."
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California Energy Commission"The diversity of
so many energy technologies was another added
value. EIG's guidance led to participants taking
a more comprehensive approach to energy
efficiency BOMA members engaged in a wide
variety of energy projects that reduced peak
period demand by 17,000 kilowatts."
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Lighting power regulator technologyMicroprocessor
-based lighting control connected to lighting
panel saves 10-30 on electronic fluorescent and
HID lighting

• We experienced an average 20.8 reduction of kW
  demand .. lighting appearance and light levels
  were visibly unchanged.
• Cal/EPA Headquarters, Thomas Properties Group

Power regulator, on the right, connected to
lighting panel
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Lighting power regulator technology30 decrease
in power consumption in parking garage

• The graph illustrates use of 29.17 kW with
  Globalight in savings mode at the UCDMC Parking
  Garage. When taken out of savings mode, power
  use increases to 41.45 kW, demonstrating a 30
  reduction of power in the savings mode.
• Sacramento Municipal Utility District report on
  UC Davis Medical Center

Graph showing 1. Reduced wattage with Globalight
in operation 2. Increased wattage with Globalight
off-line
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Lighting power regulator technology Major
savings for street lighting of typically 30

• The City installed lighting power regulators to
  reduce the energy cost to operate its street
  lighting. SCE paid rebates based on the
  measured savings.
• Redondo Beach, CA

Power regulator connected to street lighting
control panel
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Globalight voltage and current regulator

• The Technology and Improved Power and Lighting
  Quality
• A toroidal transformer and control system slowly
  and smoothly reduces voltage and current from the
  power distribution system to lighting fixtures.
• Design is matched to ballast type (s) and ballast
  factor, light levels, voltage, lighting system
  condition, manufacturer warranties and IES
  guidelines.
• Globalight reduces harmonics, improves lamp
  current crest factor and provides proper lamp
  electrode temperature.
• Lighting is visually unchanged due to the
  improved power quality and the gradual power
  reduction process.

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HVACR cycle control managerFor packaged and
split systems, heat pump, boilers, chillers with
reciprocating compressors, refrigeration, hot
water heaters.

• Results have been so impressive that we
  automatically include IntelliCon in all energy
  management projects we initiate in
  the tri-state area.
• Johnson Controls, New York
  Metro Area

IntelliCon installed on 7.5-ton York unit
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HVACR cycle control manager Savings of 10 to
30 on HVAC and refrigeration

• "Your Intellidyne economizers gave us a 100
  return on our investment in their first
  9-months of operation."
• Con Edison Report of Queens Supermarkets DBA Key
  Food Stores, New York

IntelliCon installed on 4-ton American Standard
unit
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HVACR cycle control manager

• The IntelliCon
• IntelliCon provides energy management
  intelligence to equipment that is typically
  simply cycled on and off according to fixed set
  points.

• The opportunity to reduce costs
• HVAC systems are sized to meet worst-case load
  conditions, which occur only a small percentage
  of the time.
• IntelliCon supplements the antiquated on/off
  action of the thermostat or burner (even smart
  ones) with analysis and control of a computer.

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HVACR cycle control manager

• Taking advantage of excess capacity and thermal
  inertia
• The physics of thermal inertia, under reduced
  demand, cause space that has been cooled or
  heated to gain or lose temperature slowly.
• Each cycle, IntelliCon considers current demand,
  resistance of a large thermal mass to change and
  excess HVACR capacity.
• IntelliCon determines how long each off cycle
  may be extended, while maintaining temperature
  requirements.
• Due to excess capacity, any fractional
  temperature change is made up in seconds once
  compressor cycle begins.
• This is a dynamic process each cycle, based on
  changing real-time conditions, unlike a fixed
  thermostat setting or a timing device.

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A/C ultraviolet (UVC) emitter technologyInstalls
at A/C coil to cut energy cost, improve IAQ,
eliminate coil cleaning

• Florida Hospital's experiences have shown UVC
  emitters at the coil enhance IAQ and infection
  control, while saving maintenance and downtime.
  The substantial energy savings are a great
  bonus. Florida Hospital, Orlando, Florida

UVC installation downstream of A/C coils
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A/C ultraviolet (UVC) emitter technology UVC
cleans dirty coils and restores like-new
performance

• We have eliminated our four-time per-year coil
  cleaning program and estimate a conservative 28
  drop in total A/C system energy usage.
  American Electric Power, Dallas, Texas

Steril-Aire UVC emitter Installed above A/C coils
Steril-Aire UVC emitters
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A/C ultraviolet (UVC) emitter technologyMicroscop
ic amounts of coil fouling significantly reduce
efficiency
Fouling Efficiency Thickness
Loss .006 16 .012 20
.024 27 .036 33 .064 50

• 1. All A/C attracts mold - fouling coils.
• 2. Cleaning removes surface fouling.
• 3. New fouling begins immediately.
• 4. Coil fouling reduces heat transfer.

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A/C ultraviolet (UVC) emitter technology UVC
cleans coils and greatly improves indoor air
quality

• Coil fouling is demonstrated with samples taken
  from coils. Installed in coil plenum, UVC
  eradicates bacteria and mold.
• Air Conditioning/ Heating/ Refrigeration News

Sample taken before Steril-Aire
Sample taken after Steril-Aire
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A/C ultraviolet (UVC) emitter technology Stop
the spread of infectious disease through A/C
delivery system

• UV disinfection works by penetrating cell walls
  of pathogenic organisms and structurally altering
  DNA, thus preventing cell replication.
• U.S Environmental Protection Agency

UVC light is so intense that it destroys DNA of
viruses and other microorganisms
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Steril-Aire A/C ultraviolet emitters

• All A/C attracts mold to reduce building
  performance
• Operating environment of a/c attracts
  microorganisms, which are microscopic and results
  in coil fouling of clean appearing coils.
• Coil fouling reduces efficiency, requires coil
  cleaning, reduces IAQ with bacteria and viruses
  causes disease, lost productivity and
  absenteeism.
• UVC destroys microorganisms to improve
  performance
• Ultraviolet-C emitters at coil attacks the DNA of
  these microorganisms, cleaning them from the coil
  and destroying their ability to replicate.
• This protects against infectious disease, greatly
  improves IAQ, returns coils to near original
  design efficiency and eliminates coil cleaning.

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Ventilation control CO2 sensor technology
Elimination of excess outside air ventilation in
City of Seattle buildings

• The City of Seattle has standardized on the
  AirTest CO2 sensor although there was
  significant savings on cooling cost, the big
  savings was on heating costs. Seattle City
  Light

CO2 sensors placed in zones throughout building
for Demand Control Ventilation
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Ventilation control CO2 sensor technology
Elimination of excess outside air ventilation can
save up to 20

• The cost for heating or cooling of excessive
  levels of outside air for building
  ventilation can be up to 20 of HVAC cost.
• Occupancy variations and excess ventilation
  over design levels exist in most buildings.

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CO2 sensors for demand control ventilation

• Building air intakes are not measured
• Most buildings do not measure or control the
  delivery of outside air.
• The use of excessive amount of outside air
  results in major energy cost.
• Most buildings are over-ventilated
• Excessive ventilation often is 200 to 400 in
  excess of actual need.
• Buildings with occupancy swings incur significant
  added energy cost.
• CO2 sensor system can eliminate excessive outside
  air use
• CO2 sensors determine real-time occupancy
  throughout the building.
• System adjusts outside air to match the need and
  cut HVAC cost 5- 20.

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Wireless lighting and HVAC EMSSmaller buildings
can now cost-effectively take advantage of EMS

• Estimates using Profile are 21 percent savings
  on lighting and 14 percent on HVAC.
• National Assn Convenience Stores Installation
  report - Martin Bayley, Inc., Carmi, Illinois

Profile control unit installed
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Profile wireless lighting and HVAC EMS

• The technology
• Modular, web-based system allows remote control
  and reports
• Typically installs at less than half cost of
  wired systems
• Produces 5 to 15 savings with typical 12 to 24
  month paybacks
• Features and benefits
• Scheduling, set points, monitoring, trending,
  real time status reports
• Operator knows status of equipment and makes
  changes in operation
• 24/7 support for automatic alerts by phone, fax,
  page, or email

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Garage fan CO sensor and VFD system Latest
advance in electrochemical sensor technology

• Fan run time reduced from 24 hours to about 45
  minutes per day over 90 reduction with 17,000
  estimated annual savings and a simple payback of
  18 months. CB Richard Ellis, Westwood Plaza

CO sensor installed in parking garage
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Garage fan CO sensor and VFD systemGarage fan
run time reduced by 90 at Trident Center

• Total demand was reduced from 67 kW before CO
  sensor installation to 7 kW after
  installation, a reduction of 90. The project
  had a simple payback of 12 months. Trident
  Center Project Summary, California Energy
  Commission

Control unit
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Garage fan CO sensor and VFD system

• Code requirement for garage exhaust fans and
  actual needs
• Garage exhaust fans typically run continuously
  during all periods when garage is open to protect
  against unhealthful build-up of CO.
• Generally, it is only during heavy traffic
  periods when CO might rise to a level that would
  require the use of the fans.
• CO generally reaches levels that would require
  ventilation only approximately 10 of the time of
  garage operation.

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Garage fan CO sensor and VFD system

• CO sensor system can eliminate up to 90 of fan
  energy use
• City codes authorize CO sensors (often combined
  with VFDs) to operate fans only when necessary to
  keep CO from reaching unhealthful levels.
• VFDs on fans maintain constant base level of
  ventilation and only increase fans to levels
  necessary if CO is present.
• New electrochemical sensor has 5 year rated
  sensor life and has a replacement cost of only
  70 after 5 years.

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Oil-free refrigerant compressor technology
Turbocor oil-free compressor retrofit reducing
HVAC costs to 50

• This revolutionary compressor technology provides
  efficiencies up to 30 better than any other
  compressor in its size range in addition to being
  extraordinarily quiet and virtually vibration
  free. 2003 AHR Expo Innovation Awards

Turbocor oil-free compressor
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Oil-free refrigerant compressor
technologyOil-free compressor with VFD and
magnetic bearings

• Based on test results, 30-40 energy savings over
  reciprocating air-cooled compressor technologies
  are realistic.
• San Diego Regional Energy Office

Turbocor compressor installed on 88-ton York
air-cooled chiller
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The Turbocor compressor at a glance
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Redefining the compressor

• With built-in VFD, compressors match cooling
  load at 60 tons to 700 tons
• Compact (approx.1/5 ordinary compressor size)
• Light (Less than 270lb)
• Quiet (less than 70dB at full load)
• Virtually frictionless (magnetic bearings)
• On board digital electronics
• Energy efficient and Oil-free

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Whether its 60 to 120 tons
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Or 720 tons - - - Turbocor starts on less than 2
amps
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ASHRAE research study 601
The vast majority of installed chillers have an
excess amount of oil in the cooling system.
The oil requirement in the refrigerant charge
of compressors reduces system efficiency often
over 20.
Loss of Efficiency
Percent Oil in System
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There was 12.88 average oil overcharge and 21
energy loss from 10 chillers tested
Percent Oil in System

• In ten (10) chillers
• tested in an ASHRAE
• study, the average
• overcharge of oil in
• the system was
• 12.88 this
• equated to an average
• 21 energy loss.

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Typical load factors of comfort cooling for
various climates (temperate, tropical and
transitional)
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Solar protection window filmReduce temperature
in the space up 11 degrees F

• "The window film has definitely improved the
  comfort throughout the building As an added
  bonus, we have also seen a reduction in utility
  costs." - temperatures decreased 7 to 11 degrees
  Fahrenheit (4 to 6 Celsius).

Window film installation
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Solar protection window filmMultiple options to
fit your needs

• Visibly clear film reduces solar heat up to 50
  without changing building appearance
• Tinted films reduce solar heat 50 to 80 reduce
  glare and provide tinted look
• Reflective films reduce solar heat reduce 80 or
  more and provide modern reflective look
• Graffiti protection film protects windows from
  vandals with a clear protective coating
• Security film protects windows from shattering

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Benefits of solar protection window filmSolar
heat reduction and reduced U.V. rays

• Infrared head and U.V. rays increase air
  conditioning cost, create discomfort, and cause
  fading.
• Visually clear, tinted or reflective solar
  protection film can reduce up to 80 of solar
  heat and block up to 99 of U.V. rays.

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Benefits of solar protection window filmGreatly
reduce fading

• Fading of furnishings is a major cost and is
  caused by multiple factors.
• Solar protection window film will significantly
  reduce fading by blocking 99 of U.V rays and up
  to 80 of solar heat.

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Action Steps

• Review facilities to identify emerging technology
  opportunity
• Develop Opportunity Report of action and
  economics
• Complete contracting requirements to install
  technologies
• Arrange no-cash outlay project financing

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Energy Innovation GroupThe Gateway to Emerging
Energy Technologies
Energy Innovation Group, LLC Phone [phone]
Fax [phone] Info_at_energyinnovation.net
www.energyinnovation.net