Title: Chemistry of
1- Chemistry of
- Alcohol
- Tom Good
- Chemistry Teacher
- Cooperstown Science Department
2 3 - Alcohol Death May Lead To Charges
- School Board wants Breathalyzer testing at all
school functions
4- Students read the article, Bizarre Fatality in
the Suburbs. - The next slide is not intended to be read from
the PowerPoint but is simply shown as a
reference.
5 Bizarre Fatality in the Suburbs
6Think, Pair, Share
- Ask students to think about the article they
have just read - Students are then paired up with a classmate to
share their opinion about the article. - Some students may then share their thoughts
with the whole class.
7Board of Education proposes to use breathalyzer
at school events. Positive test means no
extracurricular activities for a full year.
Board of Education Breathalyzer rule
8Chemistry Class Presentation to Board of
Education
- Chemistry class is asked to make Board
presentation - Chemistry of Alcohol
- Breathalyzers
- Policy To Deter Drinking
9 10Web Quest to Prepare for Board Presentation
- Students will read web site articles to answer
10 questions which will be addressed in their
presentation. - 3 options for Web Quest
- students search for web sites
- teacher provides web sites
- teacher provides printed articles
11Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- 1 (a) Can someone die of water intoxication
(drinking too much water)? - Search Tip use quotation marks and search water
intoxication
12Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- 1 (a) Can someone die of water intoxication
(drinking too much water)? - Yes, due to electrolyte imbalance and tissue
swelling of the brain, which can result in
seizures, coma and ultimately death unless water
intake is restricted and a hypertonic saline
solution is administered.
13Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- 1 (b) Find an example of someone who died due to
water intoxication. - Search Tip use quotation marks and search water
intoxication and death
14Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- 1 (b) Find an example of someone who died due
to water intoxication. - Student Matthew Carrington, 21, died from water
intoxication, which caused the swelling of his
brain and lungs on Feb. 2, 2005 after a night of
hazing.
15 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- 2. What makes something toxic?
- Search Tip use toxicology and/or poison in your
search string
16 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- 2. What makes something toxic?
- All substances are poisons
- there is none that is not a poison.
- the right dose differentiates a poison and a
remedy. - Paracelsus (1493 - 1541)
17 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- Scientists often report toxicity using the term
LD50. What is LD50? - Search Tip use LD50
18 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- Scientists often report toxicity using the term
LD50. What is LD50? - LD refers to "Lethal Dose" and the 50 refers to
the dose of toxicant, given all at once, which is
deadly to 50 of the population.
19 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- How toxic is methanol (methyl alcohol)?
- Search Tip using some combination of search
words that include LD50 or toxicity and methanol
or methyl alcohol
20 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- How toxic is methanol (methyl alcohol)?
- Methanol is extremely toxic. As little as 2
tablespoonfuls can be fatal to a child, and 2 to
8 oz. can be fatal for an adult.
21 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- 5 How toxic is ethanol (ethyl alcohol)?
- Search Tip using some combination of search
words that include LD50 or toxicity and ethanol
or ethyl alcohol
22 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- 5 How toxic is ethanol (ethyl alcohol)?
- Ethanol has a relatively low toxicity and is
often used as a solvent medical drugs.
23 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- Methanol and ethanol are both metabolized into an
aldehyde and then an organic acid. Why then is
methanol more toxic than ethanol? - Search Tip use the words alcohol metabolism
24 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- 6 Why then is methanol more toxic than ethanol?
- The answer is partly because ethanol takes
longer to metabolize then methanol and partly
because the aldehyde and organic acid formed from
methanol are more toxic substances than those
formed from ethanol.
25 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- Why does the treatment for methanol poisoning
involve giving the patient ethanol? - Search Tip treatment methanol poisoning
26 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- 7. Treatment for methanol poisoning
- Ethanol is administered when methanol poisoning
occurs because alcohol dehydrogenase has a higher
affinity for ethanol and preferentially reacts
with the enzyme allowing the methanol time to be
excreted through the kidneys without being
metabolized into formaldehyde and formic acid.
27 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- If someone is in danger of ethanol poisoning,
what steps should be taken to reduce the chance
of death? - Search Tip search alcohol poisoning
28 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- If someone is in danger of ethanol poisoning,
what steps should be taken to reduce the chance
of death? - Put them in the recovery position and call 911
immediately for help. Don't try to guess the
level of drunkenness.
29 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- 9 (a) What is a Breathalyzer?
- Search Tip Breathalyzer
30 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- 9 (a) What is a Breathalyzer?
- A breathalyzer is a generic name for a device
used to estimate blood alcohol content levels by
taking a sample of breath.
31 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- 9 (b) How does a Breathalyzer work?
- Search Tip Breathalyzer works
32 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- 9 (b) How does a Breathalyzer work?
- The alcohol concentration in the breath is
related to that in the blood. The breath-alyzer
uses a chemical reaction with the chromium ion
and alcohol that produces a color change. The
color change is then read by a spectrophotometer
and used to estimate the blood alcohol level.
33 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- How reliable is a Breathalyzer?
- How accurate is a Breathalyzer?
- Search Tip Breathalyzer reliability
34 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- 10. How reliable is a Breathalyzer?
- How accurate is a Breathalyzer?
- Assuming the breathalyzer is being properly
cared, recalibrated, that the operator is using
proper protocols, it does seem to be reliable but
there are many reasonable doubts concerning the
accuracy of the machine.
35 Questions Chemistry of Alcohol
- 10. Accuracy is how close a measurement comes to
the true value which in this case is the blood
alcohol concentration. - Breath tests can vary 15 from actual blood
alcohol concentration and even more in some
populations such as diabetics.
36 37 Molecular Modeling Activity
- Alcohols, Aldehydes and Organic Acids in Three
Dimensions - Review introduction to activity (20 min.)
- Make models of simple alcohols (25 min.)
38 Molecular Modeling Activity Chemistry of
Alcohol
- Alcohols, Aldehydes and Organic Acids in Three
Dimensions - In this activity, you will be making
ball-and-stick models of methanol and ethanol
along with their metabolized (oxidized) aldehyde
and further metabolized (oxidized) organic acid.
39 Molecular Modeling Activity Chemistry of
Alcohol
- Alcohols, Aldehydes and Organic Acids in Three
Dimensions - Be sure to have students build the alcohol and
then to either remove hydrogen or add oxygen to
form each of the oxidized products. - Allow time for students to compare their
answers with those of their neighbors and ask you
for help if they are having trouble.
40 41Prepare for Board Presentation
- Introductory exercise
- Assign students to cooperative learning groups
to address each of the 10 questions posed during
the Web Quest activity.
42Prepare for Board Presentation
- Students should now meet with their partner to
decide about their portion of the presentation
they plan to make to the Board of Education. - Each pair should prepare a presentation of
about 2 minutes.
43 44Presentations to Board of Education
- Students make their presentations to the class.
- Use scoring rubrics
45Chemistry of Alcohol
Be Smart!
Breathalyzer
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