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The Mental Status Exam

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The Mental Status Exam Key Elements Observational components Components obtained via questioning Formal cognitive examination Elements Useful standardized tests ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The Mental Status Exam


1
The Mental Status Exam
2
Key Elements
  • Observational components
  • Components obtained via questioning
  • Formal cognitive examination
  • Elements
  • Useful standardized tests

3
Observational Components
  • Appearance and behavior
  • Mood and Affect
  • Speech
  • Thought processes

4
Appearance and Behavior
  • Level of consciousness
  • Ethnicity, gender, apparent age
  • Hygiene and clothing
  • Motor activity, abnormal movements
  • Facial expressions
  • Relationship to interviewer

5
Mood and Affect
  • Type
  • Anger
  • Anxiety
  • Depression
  • Euphoria
  • Lability
  • Appropriateness
  • Intensity

6
Speech
  • Rate
  • Rhythm
  • Pressured
  • Latencies, thought blocking
  • Circumstantial
  • Extraneous sounds, verbal tics
  • Use of language
  • Neologisms

7
Thought Processes
  • Associations
  • Loose
  • Flight of ideas
  • Tangentiality
  • Blocking
  • Incoherence
  • Perseveration

8
Components Obtained via Questioning
  • Thought content
  • Cognition

9
Thought Content
  • Delusions
  • Paranoid
  • Grandiose
  • Somatic
  • Thought broadcasting
  • Thought control
  • Mood congruent vs. mood incongruent

10
Thought Content
  • Hallucinations
  • Auditory
  • Visual
  • Tactile
  • Olfactory
  • Anxiety symptoms
  • Suicidal ideation
  • Homicidal ideation/thoughts of violence

11
Cognition
  • Attention and concentration
  • Orientation
  • Language
  • Memory
  • Immediate, recent, remote
  • Verbal and visual
  • Abstraction
  • Insight
  • Judgment
  • Reading and writing

12
Standardized Cognitive Tests
13
Standardized Cognitive Tests
  • Brief, easy to use, known comparators
  • Limitations
  • Miss subtle deficits
  • Examples
  • MMSE
  • SLUMS
  • Cognistat
  • Others
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