ITS for Road Transport in Countries with Developing and Transitional Economy

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ITS for Road Transport in Countries with
Developing and Transitional Economy

• Toshiyuki Yokota, TUDTR
• World Bank

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Contents

• What is ITS
• Current status of ITS in countries with
  developing and transitional economy
• Key knowledge for successful ITS Deployment
• Conclusion

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What is ITS

• Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)
• Application of information technologies
  (computers, sensors, and wired and wireless
  communications, Data base, etc.)
• ITS is one of Knowledge Economy
• Economy comes to place a great importance on the
  role of Knowledge which is seen as an important
  production factor along with labor and capital
  (e.g. electronic money)

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ITS in Knowledge Economy

• ITS is expected to create growth factors in Japan
• ITS related market size(2015) 500Billion
• Economic effect of ITS to all industries(2015)
  830Billion
• Jobs created in ITS related market 1 Million
  Jobs (2015)

Domestic market size of IT-related industries
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ITS is related to various benefits
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What is ITS

• Classification of ITS in the TOOLKIT
• Traveler Information
• Traffic/Road Management
• Demand Management
• Electronic Financial Transactions
• Commercial Vehicle Management
• Public Transport Management
• Incident and Hazard Response

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Traveler Information

• Services to support traveler decision-making on
  travel mode, starting time, route, etc., before
  and during a trip

Units Shipped 1993-2002
Car-Navigation Display with VICS
Start of VICS Service1996
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Other Examples

• Information on traffic condition
• Jakarta (Indonesia)
• Bangkok (Thailand)
• Manila (The Philippines)
• Klang Valley (Malaysia)
• Prague (Czech Republic)
• Czech Republic-Germany boundary
• Bucharest (Romania)
• Major cities (Poland)
• Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Florianopolis (Brazil)
  

• Applied Technology (not all but some of them)
• CCTV (Camera)
• Radio
• Fixed phone line
• Cellular phone
• FAX
• Internet
• PAD
• Digital Map

• Chile-Argentina Connection (Chile)
• Atacama Desert (Chile)

Delivery of road traffic information using a
cellular telephone text message service (Manila)
Message displayed on a VMS(Bangkok)
Traffic information delivery terminal (Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia)
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Traffic/Road Management

• Management of traffic flow on roads
• Physical maintenance of roads, winter viability
  of roads, etc.
• Inductive loops are used to obtain information on
  traffic volume, speeds and traffic composition.
  Traffic conditions are captured in real-time by
  CCTVs and the relevant organizations can quickly
  respond when there is an accident or when a
  vehicle breaks down. (China)

Control center for the road traffic information
system
Shanghais busy Nanjing avenue
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Other Examples

• Applied Technology (not all but some of them)
• Signal equipment
• CCTV (Camera)
• Inductive loop
• Sensors
• VMS
• Internet
• Wireless Sensor
• Emergency phone

• Road Management/ Signal Control/Monitoring
• Manila (The Philippines)
• Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)
• Manila (The Philippines)
• Shah-Alam, Putrajaya, Cyberjaya (Malaysia)
• Prague, Brno, etc. (Czech Republic)
• Bucharest (Romania)
• Warsaw, Poznan (Poland)
• Budapest (Hungry)
• Santiago (Chile)
• Valparaiso-Vina del Mar (Chile)
• La Plata, Buenos Aires Province (Argentina)
• Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo (Brazil)

Prague traffic control center (Prague)
Highways and traffic control systems operated by
Autopistal del Sol
Operation display of control systems
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Demand Management

• Services to reduce traffic demand on roads and
  congestion in city centers by taxing road use and
  promoting use of other travel modes
• Area Licensing Scheme that charges for the
  entrance to the center area of the city is
  automated through the use of ETC type gate.

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Electronic Financial Transaction

• Services to allow automatic electronic payment of
  tolls and fees, primarily on roads and bridges,
  but also to enter restricted city centers and
  sometimes to pay fees like parking charges,
  drive-through meals, etc.

ETC
Emergency call box CCTV
Control Center
4 VMS
ETC system is introduced into outside two lanes
within twenty lanes.
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Other Examples

• Applied Technology (not all but some of them)
• Tag
• Smart card
• On Board Unit
• Infra-vehicle Communication
• Camera

• ETC
• Jakarta (Indonesia)
• Bangkok (Thailand)
• Manila (The Philippines)
• Beijing, Shanghai, Guangong, Shenzhen (China)
• Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)
• Rio de Janeiro, (Brazil)
• Buenos Aires (Argentina)
• Santiago (Chili)
• Smart card for public Transportation
• Shanghai (China)
• Belo Holizonte (Brazil)

China
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Commercial Vehicle Management

• Services to support fleet and freight management,
  including automatic weight, safety and credential
  checking at borders

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Other Examples

• Applied Technology (not all but some of them)
• Electronic Tag
• GPS
• GSM (Cell phone network)
• Radio
• Internet
• Control center

• Border Crossing
• Poland-Finland
• Brazil-Argentina
• Mexico-USA border
• Argentina-Brazil border
• Chuquicamate-Antofagasta (Chili)
• Tracking of commercial vehicle/Vehicle
  identification
• Shanghai (China)
• Romania
• Poland
• Mexico
• Chile
• Mexico

Truck GPS Tracking System (Mexico)
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Public Transport Management

• Services to improve the convenience and
  performance of public transport such as schedule
  management and common fare paying mechanisms

Public Transport Management System
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Other Examples

• Applied Technology (not all but some of them)
• CCTV camera
• GPS
• GSM (Cell phone network)
• VMS
• Internet
• Control center

• Tracking of public transportation
• Prague (Czech Republic)
• Ploiesti (Romania)
• Quito (Ecuador)
• Bogota (Colombia)
• Electronic Ticket
• Shanghai (China)
• Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)
• Bogota (Colombia)

Colombia

• Improvement of the existing complicated small bus
  routes, providing a better and reliable public
  transport service using GPS, ETC, and other
  methods(Colombia)

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Incident and Hazard Response

• Services to respond to accidents and other
  emergencies such as dispatch of ambulances, fire
  trucks, etc.

ABCR (Brazilian Association of Highway
Concessionaires)
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• Report System for Traffic Incidents

This system sends traffic incident reports by
putting digital data into a mobile terminal and
sending it by cellular phone. It is effective
for retrieving incident reports from computers
as well as for analyzing statistics of factors of
incidents.
Police Department
Mobile Terminal Cellular Phone
Data Telecommunication
Input Data
Scene of Accident
Reference
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People need information as well as IT devices

• ITS requires additional Knowledge

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System Architecture/Standardization

• System Architecture
• User Services
• Physical Architecture
• Logical Architecture

• Technical Issues of ITS
• Compatibility
• Expandability
• Interoperability

• Standardization
• International Organization
• ISO (International Organization for
  Standardization)
• ITU (International Telecommunications Union)
• Regional Organization
• Domestic Organization

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Example of Architecture of Pre-Trip Information
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Public-Private Partnership

• Role differentiation between Public and Private
• Example of Role Differentiation

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Coordinating with laws, regulations
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Cooperation within Government

• Cooperation Between Functions
• Road Construction and Management
• Public Transport Operation and Management
• Police and Safety Management
• Trade and Customs
• Vehicle Administration
• Radio Wave Management
• Promotion of Standardization
• Cooperation Between Region
• Cooperation Between Countries

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Recommended Policy Framework

• Form an ITS Advisory Group
• Encourage the Formation of an ITS Promotion
  Organization
• Create a Suitable ITS Architecture
• Adopt Relevant ITS Standards
• Encourage Organizational Cooperation
• Make ITS Planning and Deployment

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Conclusion

• ITS is the application of information
  technologies related to Knowledge Economy
• ITS is not technology only for the developed
  countries
• ITS requires additional knowledge
• ITS Toolkit, http//www.developingits.org/itstoolk
  it, provides additional knowledge on ITS
• Should we recommend ITS to our clients?
• Yes, if clients have interest and capability.

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Annex examples of benefit

• Shorter Traveling Times According to FHWAs ITS
  Benefits 2001 Update, on-board navigation
  experiment for one year showed delay reduction of
  8.1 and fuel consumption decrease of 3.
• Increased Capacity and Throughput FHWAs ITS
  Benefits 2001 Update points out that the freeway
  management system in Minneapolis Saint Paul
  increased the throughput by 16.3.
• Improved User Satisfaction In Michigan, U.S.,
  72 of the surveyed drivers felt better off
  because of signal control improvement.
• Reduced Environmental Burdens ERTICOs ITS
  Toolbox gives the example of the PROMT project
  for influence on air pollution, mentioning a
  simulated 23.3 reduction of vehicle stoppage, 5
  reduction of fuel consumption and 4 to 5
  decrease of CO2, NOX and CO emissions in
  Gothenburg, Sweden.
• Less Traffic Rule Violations and Unlawful Use of
  Roads There have also been reports of these
  cameras resulting in a 15 to 40 reduction in
  accidents caused by drivers failing to heed
  traffic signals (Research in Europe).
• Benefit/Cost Ratios for Selected Technologies
  (PIARC, 2000)