42d Security Forces Squadron

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42d Security Forces Squadron
Combat Arms Section

• Maxwell Air Force Base
• Alabama

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M16A2 RIFLETACTICAL RIFLE QUALIFICATION
COURSE(TRQC)
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COURSE OVERVIEW

• DAY FIRE OPERATIONS
• FIRE DAY FIRE
• NIGHT FIRE OPERATIONS
• FIRE NIGHT FIRE
• OPERATOR MAINTENANCE

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OVERVIEW

• CLASSROOM PROCEDURES
• WEAPON SAFETY
• CLASSROOM SAFETY
• CWDE (GAS MASK ) FIRING
• FUNDAMENTALS OF RAPID AND AUTOMATIC FIRING
• STOPPAGES, MALFUNCTIONS IMMEDIATE ACTION
  PROCEDURES
• MARKSMANSHIP FUNDAMENTALS

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CLASSROOM PROCEDURES

• Training times Classroom, Live-Fire, Overall.
• Safety Precautions.
• Break procedures.
• Location of facilities
• Latrines.
• Smoking area.
• Telephones.
• Food Beverages.
• Student critiques.

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FORMS
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WEAPON SAFETY
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WEAPON SAFETY

• TREAT EVERY WEAPON AS IF IT IS LOADED
• CLEAR (UNLOAD) UNATTENDED WEAPONS
• KEEP WEAPON POINTED IN A SAFE DIRECTION
• NEVER POINT A WEAPON AT ANYTHING YOU DONT INTEND
  TO SHOOT
• KEEP FINGER OFF TRIGGER UNTIL READY TO SHOOT
• BE SURE OF YOUR TARGET AND BEYOND

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WEAPON SAFETY

• KNOW YOUR WEAPON LOADING, CLEARING, CORRECT
  AMMUNITION
• CHECK BARREL AND ACTION PRIOR TO FIRING FOR
  OBSTRUCTIONS
• ALWAYS WEAR EAR PROTECTION WHEN FIRING (EYE
  PROTECTION AVAILABLE)
• DO NOT USE DRUGS AND/OR ALCOHOL PRIOR TO HANDLING
  WEAPONS

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CLASSROOM SAFETY

• DONT POINT RIFLE AT SELF OR OTHERS
• HANDLE RIFLE WHEN INSTRUCTED TO
• NO HORSEPLAY
• STAY WITH THE INSTRUCTOR
• ASK QUESTIONS IF YOU DONT UNDERSTAND

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CWDE FIRING TECHNIQUES
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CWDE FIRING TECHNIQUES

• CHECK MASK FOR SERVICEABILITY
• FILTER ON CORRECT SIDE OF MASK
• YOU MUST HAVE A GOOD MASK AND HAVE A PROPER SEAL
  WHEN FIRING
• MUST WEAR LINERS AND GLOVES
• VISION IS NOT IMPAIRED

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CWDE FIRING TECHNIQUES (CONT)

• CANT RIFLE OR HEAD
• ADJUST TO FIRE ACCURATELY WITH TILTED SIGHT
  ALIGNMENT
• BULLETS MAY STRIKE LOW - COMPENSATE ACCORDINGLY
• ALL SHOOTING FUNDAMENTALS STILL APPLY

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GAS MASK SIGHT ALIGNMENT
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EFFECTS OF RIFLE CANT
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RAPID FIRE TECHNIQUES
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RAPID FIRE

• ENGAGING MULTIPLE TARGETS QUICKLY AND ACCURATELY
• PROVIDE SUPPRESSIVE FIRE
• ALL MARKSMANSHIP FUNDAMENTALS STILL APPLY
• MAGAZINE CHANGES DONE QUICKLY
• TACTICAL SITUATION WILL ULTIMATELY DETERMINE THE
  RATE OF FIRE NEEDED

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RATES OF FIRE

• SUSTAINED - WELL AIMED DELIBERATE SHOTS EVERY 3 -
  10 SECONDS
• RAPID - LARGE VOLUME OF ACCURATE FIRE TO THE
  TARGET AREA, 1 SHOT EVERY 1 - 2 SECONDS
• AUTOMATIC - USED TO GAIN INITIAL FIRE SUPERIORITY
  OR TO ENGAGE MULTIPLE TARGETS AT CLOSE RANGE -
  ALSO WHEN DELIVERING AS MANY SHOTS AS POSSIBLE IN
  THE SHORTEST TIME OUTWEIGHS THE IMPORTANCE OF
  WELL AIMED FIRE AND AMMO CONSERVATION

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RAPID FIRE

• SOME DEGREE OF ACCURACY WILL BE SACRIFICED FOR
  SPEED
• WITH PRACTICE BOTH ACCURACY AND SPEED WILL
  INCREASE
• IF MORE THAN ONE SHOOTER IS DELIVERING
  SUPPRESSIVE FIRE, ALTERNATE MAGAZINE CHANGES

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AUTOMATIC FIRING TECHNIQUES
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AUTOMATIC FIRE

• EACH SHOT FIRED MUST COUNT TOWARD ITS INTENDED
  PURPOSE - TO KILL THE ENEMY
• AIMING - ALL FUNDAMENTALS STILL APPLY
• FIRST SHOT WILL ARRIVE AT EXACT AIMING POINT -
  THE REST DEPEND ON FOLLOW THROUGH
• STEADY HOLD AND POSITION
• USE OF SLING AND SUPPORT

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STEADY HOLD

• USE SUPPORT OF SANDBAGS OR BIPOD WHEN POSSIBLE
• GRIP - HOLD WEAPON FIRMLY
• USING THE SLING LOOP, PULL RIFLE TIGHT INTO
  SHOULDER

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RULES FOR AUTOMATIC FIRE USE
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USE AUTOMATIC FIRE WHEN

• IF YOU NEED IT, USE IT
• AMMO CONSUMPTION IS NOT A FACTOR
• ENGAGING CLOSELY SPACED MULTIPLE TARGETS AT 50
  METERS OR LESS
• MAXIMUM SUPPRESSIVE FIRE IS NEEDED IN THE TARGET
  AREA
• TRACERS CAN BE USED TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF
  BULLETS ON THE TARGET AREA
• STABLE SUPPORT IS AVAILABLE
• INITIAL SOUND OF AUTO FIRE WILL AID IN DISRUPTING
  AND DISPERSING CLOSELY SPACED ENEMY TARGETS

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STOPPAGES, MALFUNCTIONS IMMEDIATE ACTION
PROCEDURES
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STOPPAGES MALFUNCTIONS

• STOPPAGE - ANY INTERRUPTION IN THE CYCLE OF
  OPERATION. A STOPPAGE MAY OR MAY NOT BE CAUSED
  BY THE WEAPON FUNCTIONING IMPROPERLY
• MALFUNCTION - A FAILURE OF THE WEAPON TO FUNCTION
  PROPERLY. A MALFUNCTION CAN USUALLY BE
  PINPOINTED TO SPECIFIC PART BREAKAGE OR EXCESSIVE
  WEAR

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IMMEDIATE ACTION

• THE UNHESITATING ACTIONS TAKEN BY THE SHOOTER
  WHEN A STOPPAGE OCCURS. THIS ACTION IS TAKEN
  WITHOUT TAKING THE TIME TO INVESTIGATE THE CAUSE

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IMMEDIATE ACTION STEPS

• (S)LAP - FIRMLY THE BASE OF THE MAGAZINE
• (P)ULL - CHARGING HANDLE TO THE REAR
• (O)BSERVE - EJECTION PORT
• (R)ELEASE - CHARGING HANDLE
• (T)AP - FORWARD ASSIST
• (S)QUEEZE - SQUEEZE THE TRIGGER
• S P O R T S

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RIFLE MARKSMANSHIP FUNDAMENTALS
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RIFLE MARKSMANSHIP FUNDAMENTALS

• STEADY POSITION
• STEADY HOLD
• SIGHT ALIGNMENT
• SIGHT PICTURE
• BREATH CONTROL
• TRIGGER CONTROL

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FIRING POSITIONS
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PRONE SUPPORTED
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PRONE UNSUPPORTED
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KNEELING SUPPORTED
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OVER BARRICADE/ FOXHOLE
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STANDING
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SUMMARY

• CLASSROOM PROCEDURES
• WEAPON SAFETY
• CLASSROOM SAFETY
• CWDE (GAS MASK ) FIRING
• FUNDAMENTALS OF RAPID AND AUTOMATIC FIRING
• STOPPAGES, MALFUNCTIONS IMMEDIATE ACTION
  PROCEDURES
• MARKSMANSHIP FUNDAMENTALS

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OPERATING A WEAPON AT NIGHT
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NIGHT OPERATIONS

• LOADING, FIRING, RELOADING, CLEARING, CORRECTING
  STOPPAGES AND MAINTAINING EQUIPMENT, MUST BE
  ACCOMPLISHED
• YOU MUST ALSO FEEL AND HEAR THE ABOVE OPERATIONS
  AT NIGHT

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TARGET DETECTION AT NIGHT
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TARGET DETECTION

• THE ABILITY TO DETECT ENEMY TARGETS BY ANY MEANS
  AVAILABLE
• MUZZLE FLASH
• FLASHLIGHTS
• LIT CIGARETTE
• SHADOWS AND MOVEMENT

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PRINCIPALS OF NIGHT VISION
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NIGHT VISION

• ADAPTATION TO THE DARK VARIES -- 30 - 45 MINUTES
  DEPENDING ON PERSON
• ANY AMOUNT OF ANY COLOR OF LIGHT WILL DEGRADE
  NIGHT VISION

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OFF-CENTER VISION

• DO NOT TRY TO FOCUS ON TARGET DIRECTLY
• LOOK OFF TO ONE SIDE OR SLIGHTLY ABOVE OR BELOW
  YOUR TARGET
• MOST EFFECTIVE TO AIM AT BASE OF TARGET
• NATURAL TENDENCY TO SHOOT HIGH
• ANY SHOT LOW ON TARGET IS BETTER THAN A SHOT THAT
  IS HIGH AND A MISS

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SCANNING

• THE SHORT, ABRUPT, IRREGULAR MOVEMENT OF YOUR
  EYES AROUND AN OBJECT OR AREA
• SUCCESSFUL TARGET ENGAGEMENT AT NIGHT REQUIRES
  ACCURATE AND WELL PRACTICED POINTING TECHNIQUES
• NATURAL TENDENCY IS TO POINT AND SHOOT HIGH
• PRACTICE IS REQUIRED - TRUST TRACERS

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NIGHT VISION DEVICES
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NIGHT VISION DEVICES
AN/PVS4
AN/PVS7-D
AN/PAQ4
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AN/PVS-7BNIGHT VISION GOGGLES
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AN/PVS-7BNIGHT VISION GOGGLES

• MOST COMMONLY USED AT NIGHT IN A DEFENSIVE
  FIGHTING POSITION, OR WHILE PATROLLING
• UNLESS USED WITH THE ANPAQ4, OR LALPS, YOU MUST
  USE POINTING TECHNIQUE TO ENGAGE TARGETS

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AN/PVS-4STARLIGHT NIGHT VISION SCOPE
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AN/PVS-4NIGHT VISION SCOPE

• WEIGHT - 3.5 LBS
• EFFECTIVE RANGES
• 600 METERS IN MOONLIGHT
• 400 METERS IN STARLIGHT
• ENSURE THE M16 - M203 - M79 RETICLE IS INSTALLED

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AN/PVS-4 NIGHT SCOPEAIMING RETICLE
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AN/PVS-4 NIGHT SCOPE AIMING RETICLE
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AN/PVS-4 NIGHT SCOPE AIMING RETICLE
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AN/PVS-4 NIGHT SCOPE RANGE SCALE
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AN/PVS-4 NIGHT SCOPE RANGE SCALE
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AN/PAQ-4NIGHT AIMING DEVICE

• INFARED - SEEN ONLY WITH NVDS
• MOUNTS ALONG SIDE OF RIFLE CARRYING HANDLE
• RANGE - 150 METERS

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LASER AIMING LIGHT PROJECTION SYSTEM(LALPS)

• INFARED - SEEN ONLY WITH NVDS
• MOUNTS TO LOWER M16A1/A2 HANDGUARD
• RANGE - 150 METERS
• HAS IR AND VISIBLE ILLUMINATION CAPABILITY
• HAS CONSTANT ON AND MOMENTARY SWITCH
• LASER POWERED BY 3 AAA BATTERIES
• ILLUMINATION POWERED BY A RECHARGEABLE NICAD
  STICK OR 3 C BATTERIES

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COURSE OF FIRE
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PHASE 1 ZERO
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PHASE 2 DAY RAPID
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PHASE 3 CWDE
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PHASE 4 WEAK HAND
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PHASE 5 DAY RAPID QUAL
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PHASE 6 QUICK REACTION
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PHASE 7 NIGHT SEMI FIRE
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PHASE 8 NIGHT BURST FIRE
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PHASE 9 NIGHT VISION DEVICES
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SUMMARY

• NIGHT OPERATIONS
• TARGET DETECTION
• PRINCIPALS OF NIGHT VISION
• TARGET ENGAGEMENT AT NIGHT
• COURSE OF FIRE

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42d Security Forces Squadron
Combat Arms Section

• Maxwell Air Force Base
• Alabama