California Missions

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California Missions

• By
• Ms. Cardenas

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Map of the 21 California Missions
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Introduction to the Missions

• Much of Californias history began with the
  Spanish
• Missions. The chain of twenty-one missions along
  Californias El Camino Real (The Royal Highway)
  represents the first arrival of Non-Native
  Americans to California. The life of the
  California Native Americans was forever changed.
  In addition to Christianity, the missions brought
  many other things to California such as
  livestock, fruits, flowers, grains, and industry.
  This was the start of the civilization we live
  in today. However as a result of the arrival of
  the Spanish , many Native Americans lives were
  lost. You are about to preview a very brief
  history of each California Mission, which tells
  about the History of California.

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Mission San Diego de Alcala

• First Mission
• Founded on July 16, 1769 by Father Junipero Serra
• Named for Saint Didacus de Alcalá
• Oldest mission
• 1st mission in the chain of missions that
  stretches 650 mi along the Kings Highway
• Presences of padres changed Natives new way of
  life (Christianity was brought)

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Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo

• Second Mission
• Founded on June 3, 17770 by Father Junipero Serra
• Named after Saint Charles Borromeo
• Believed to be the most beautiful mission of all
• Used as headquarters for the California Missions
• Moved to Carmelo away from where the Native
  Americans recided

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Mission San Antonio de Padua

• Third Mission
• Founded on July 14, 1771 by Father Junipero Serra
• Named for Saint Anthony
• Native Americans accepted padres gifts of beads
  and cloth in return for their seeds and acorns
  harvested.
• In 1773 it was moved to Los Robles Valley (better
  water supply)
• Abandoned from 1882-1928

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Mission San Gabriel Arcangel

• Fourth Mission
• Founded on September 8, 1771 by Father Pedro
  Cambon and Father Angel Somera
• Named for Archangel Gabriel
• Most prosperous mission, but most difficult to
  handle
• Crowded with military (behavior problem)
• In 1775 was moved to The Queen of the Mission
  (Wheat large crops of corn and beans)

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Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa

• Fifth Mission
• Founded on September 1, 1772 by Father Junipero
  Serra
• Named for Saint Luis, Bishop of Toulouse
• Marks halfway point of the 21 California Missions
• Located near a Valley of Bears (used to feed
  people from other missions)

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Mission San Francisco de Asis

• Sixth Mission
• Founded on June 26, 1776 by Father Francisco
  Palou
• Named for Saint Francis of Assisi
• Also known as Mission Dolores
• Damp weather kept Native Americans away
• Over 5,000 Americans died of the measles
• In 1817 a hospital mission was opened in San
  Rafael where they could recuperate

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Mission San Juan Capistrano

• Seventh Mission
• Founded on November 1, 1776 by Father Junipero
  Serra
• Named for Saint John of Capistrano, Italy
• Called the Jewel of the Missions because it was
  the best known mission
• Famous for its beautiful gardens
• Oldest chapel in California

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Mission Santa Clara de Asis

• Eighth Mission
• Founded on January 12, 1777 by Father Junipero
  Serra
• Name for Santa Claire de Assisi
• 1st mission named after a girl who was founder of
  the Poor Clares order on Nuns
• Moved three times because of flood of Guadalupe
  River
• 1818 moved because of severe earthquake

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Mission San Buenaventura

• Ninth Mission
• Founded on March 31, 1782 by Father Junipero
  Serra
• Named for Saint Bonaventure
• Should have been 3rd mission, but was postponed
  for twelve years
• Prosperity of this mission came from irrigation
  provided by the 7 mile long aqueduct that brought
  water from Ventura River

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Mission Santa Barbara

• Tenth Mission
• Founded on December 4, 1786 by Father Fermine
  Lausen
• Named for Saint Barbara
• 1st mission founded by Father Fermine Francisco
  de Lasuen
• There were over 200 rows of houses for the
  missions Natives built next to the mission

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La Purisima Conception

• Eleventh Mission
• Founded on December 8, 1787 by Father Fermine
  Lausen
• Named for The Immaculate Concepcion of Mary the
  Most Pure
• Prosperity from tireless work of Father Marino
  Payeras. He served for 19 years
• In December 21, 1812 a severe earthquake
  destroyed the mission

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Mission Santa Cruz

• Twelfth Mission
• Founded on August 28, 1791 by Father Fermine
  Lausen
• Named for the Sacred Cross
• Built on gentle slopes that are surrounded by
  redwood trees
• Settlers that arrived from Guadalajara, Mexico
  were criminals, and raided the missions crops
  and antagonized the Native Americans.

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Mission Nuestra Senora de la Soledad

• Thirteenth Mission
• Founded on October 9, 1791 by Father Fermine
  Lausen
• Named for Our Lady of Solitude
• Salinas river allowed for irrigation to grow
  crops, and live stock herding
• Climate drew native Americans away
• Took six years before the church was built

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Mission San Jose

• Fourteenth Mission
• Founded on July 11, 1797 by Father Fermine Lausen
• Named for Saint Joseph
• First of five missions built in a 13 month period
  (located at a days travel walking El Camino Real)
• Known as location for Runaway Christianized
  Native Americans and hostile tribes
• Served as base for military operations for the
  Natives who resented the missionaries

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Mission San Juan Bautista

• Fifteenth Mission
• Founded on June 24, 1797 by Father Fermine Lausen
• Named for John the Baptist
• Founded fourteen days after the thirteenth
  mission
• Sits on top of San Andreas Fault
• Earthquake destroyed it on October 1798, a larger
  one was built after

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Mission San Miguel Arcangel

• Sixteenth Mission
• Founded on July 25, 1797 by Father Fermine Lausen
• Named for Saint Michael the Archangel
• Filled up quickly with Native Americans in the
  area
• Fifteen Native children were baptized the day the
  mission was founded
• Interior was adorned by artist from Spain

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Mission San Fernando Rey de Espana

• Seventh teen Mission
• Founded on September 8, 1797 by Father Fermine
  Lausen
• Produced hides, tallow, soap, cloth, and
  livestock
• Became so famous that it was known as long
  building of El Camino Real
• Arrival of new settlers decreased the population
  of Native Americans
• In 1923 it became a church again
• Long convent that became a hospital during the
  Spanish times when the missions were at a walking
  distance

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Mission San Luis Rey de Francia

• Eighteenth Mission
• Founded on June 13, 1798 by Father Fermine Lausen
• Named for Louis IX King of France (1215-1270)
• Nicked named King of the Missions
• Largest and most populous of all missions
• Building covers six acres and the Native American
  population reached 2,700 at its peak

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Mission Santa Ines

• Nineteenth Mission
• Founded on September 17, 1804 by Father Estevan
  Tapis
• Named for Saint Anges
• Last mission founded in Southern California,
  which completed the chain
• Miles of flourished land that helped it flourish
• 1812 great earthquake destroyed half of the
  mission
• Water brought from mountains several miles away

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Mission San Rafael Arcangel

• Twentieth Mission
• Founded on December 14, 1817 by Father Vicente de
  Sarria
• Named for Saint Raphael the Archangel, patron of
  good health
• Was originally dedicated as the sub-mission
  Mission Dolores
• Served as a convalescent hospital for
  Christianized Native Americans

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Mission San Francisco de Solano

• Twenty-first Mission
• Founded on July 4, 1823 by Father Jose Altimira
• Named for Saint Francis Solano, missionary to the
  Penivian Indians
• Last Northernmost California Mission
• Founded after Mexicos Independence from Spain
• Only mission founded without prior approval from
  the church
• Flourished vineyards
• Father Altimira became cruel (resulted in revolt)

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Now I challenge You

• To do your own POWER POINT
• presentation