Actions Against Hunger

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Actions Against Hunger

• Peer Counselor
• Hania Bethell
• Members
• Vikash Khatri
• Michelle Miranda
• Anne Wegener
• Shohei Nakamura
• Idrissa Nahantchi
• Carlos Castro
• Sutapa Bhattacharjee

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Overview

• Defining Hunger
• Condition of Hunger in the World
• The United Nations Millennium Project
• Role of NGOs in Tracking Hunger around the world
• Strategies to fight against hunger

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Hunger

• The term food insecurity relates to the condition
  that exists when people do not have physical and
  economic access to sufficient, safe, nutritious,
  and culturally acceptable food to meet their
  dietary needs and lead an active and healthy life
  (FAO 1996).
• Hunger, Mal-Nutrition and Starvation are all used
  to describe aspects of this problem
• FAO- United Nations Food and Agriculture
  Organization

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Causes of Hunger

• Unequal distribution of food
• Poverty
• Rising Food Prices
• War
• Natural Disasters
• Disease Epidemics
• Political and Economic Shocks

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Unequal Distribution of Food

• Around the world
• In US

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Poverty and Rising Food Prices

• Buying power Decreasing
• Leads to unequal distribution of food

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War

• People become homeless and poor during war and
  therefore become hungry
• Ex. Burundi

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Natural Disasters

• People become homeless and poor.
• Food becomes unavailable.

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Political and Economic Shocks

• Economy depends on political stability of a
  country.

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What is happening around the world

• Reduction on the proportion of hungry people
• The absolute number has fallen slightly

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Where are the Hungry People
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Factors that can contribute to reduce mal
nutrition

• Education
• Food production
• and access
• Sanitation, health
• facilities and water
• Inequality and
• exclusionary practices

Source Smith and Haddad (2000).
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Impacts of Hunger

• High rates of disease and mortality
• Limited neurological development
• Low productivity
• Countrys ability to develop economically,
  socially and politically

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The United Nations Millennium
Project commissioned by the UN Secretary General
and supported by the UN Development Group
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Millennium Project

• An independent advisory body of the UN
• work together with Non- Governmental
  organizations (NGOs), national governments

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Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)?
Goal 1 Eradicate extreme hunger and
poverty Target Halve, between 1990 and 2015,
the proportion of people whose income is less
than 1 a day. Goal 2 Achieve Universal Primary
Education Goal 3 Promote Gender Equality and
Empower Women Goal 4 Reduce Child Mortality Goal
5 Improve Maternal Health Goal 6 Combat
HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases Goal 7
Ensure Environmental Sustainability Goal 8
Develop a Global Partnership for Development
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1 Move from political commitment to action
Political commitments to end hunger have
been made repeatedly but have not been
translated into action

• Strengthen the contribution of donor countries
  and national governments to activities that
  combat hunger
• Improve public awareness on hunger issues and
  strengthen advocacy organizations

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2 Reform policies and create an enabling
environment
Government policies in poor countries can make
or break efforts to end hunger

• Build developing country capacity to achieve the
  hunger goal
• Increase poor peoples access to land and other
  productive resources

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3 Increase the agricultural productivity
of food-insecure farmers
Small-scale farming families represent about half
the hungry worldwide and probably three-quarters
of the hungry in Africa

• Improve access to better seeds and other planting
  materials
• Improve soil fertility and water ability
• Diversity on-farm enterprises with high-value
  products

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4 Improve nutrition for the chronically
hungry and vulnerable
Adequate nutrition lies at the heart of the fight
against hunger. A targeted life-cycle approach is
recommended.

• Promote mother and infant nutrition
• Reduce malnutrition among children under five
  years of age and school-age children and
  adolescents

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5 Reduce vulnerability of the acutely hungry
through productive safety nets
Hungry people are vulnerable to events and
influence that they cannot control.

• Build and strengthen national and local
  capacities to respond to emergencies
• Invest in productive safety nets to protect the
  poorest from short-term shocks and to reduce
  long-term food insecurity

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6 Increase incomes and make markets work for
the poor
The food-insecure either cannot produce food
themselves or cannot afford to buy food.

• Invest in and maintain market-related
  infrastructure
• Improve access to financial services for the poor
  and food-insecure

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7 Restore and conserve the natural resources
essential for food security
The degradation of natural resources directly
threatens the food security and incomes of poor
people

• Help communities and households restore or
  enhance natural resources
• Secure local ownership, access, and management
  rights to forests, fisheries, and rangelands

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Investments needed

• Only 5-8 of the total costs of achieving the
  goals is needed to reduce chronic hunger

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Combination of actions

• Most of the interventions act synergistically
• e.g.
• Community nutrition programs
• Homegrown school feeding programs
• Investments in soil and water
• as entry points
• It can be done

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Role of NGOs in Tackling Hunger Around the World
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NGO Non-governmental Organization

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Who Funds the NGOs?

• International Governments
• Groups (Associations, Clubs, Unions,)
• Individuals donors

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How Do NGOs Act?

• Food assistance
• Breaking the circle of dependency
• Nutritional teaching programs
• Making agriculture and nutrition national
  priorities.
• Combating poverty
• Extending the power of technology
• Promoting rural development
• Tapping the power of trade

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Two examples of Actions against hunger

• Charity
• Bogotá, Colombia

• Self-reliance
• Tokyo, Japan

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BOGOTA WITHOUT HUNGER

• BOGOTA, CAPITAL OF COLOMBIA
• Population 6,861,499
• 55 live in poverty
• 3,800,559 people
• 17 live in destitution 1.166.455
  people

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BOGOTA WITHOUT HUNGER

• 55 OF THE POPULATION IS POOR. THATS A LOT!
  WHY?
• Unequal distribution of wealth
• Displaced people
• Unemployment
• Mismanagement of resources

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BOGOTA WITHOUT HUNGER

• OVERALL APPROACH
• The conviction that it is possible to work firmly
  in improving the quality of life of the habitants
  of the city, especially of the most vulnerable
  groups.

Bogotas Mayor Lucho Garzón (founder of the
program)
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BOGOTA WITHOUT HUNGER

• STRATEGY 1 - NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS (IRON,
  FOLIC ACID AND CALCIUM)
• Program orientated to pregnant women, nursing
  mothers and to the children with low weight.
• It reduces low weight, malformations, preborn
  deaths and

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BOGOTA WITHOUT HUNGER

• STRATEGY 2 - SCHOOL DINING ROOMS
• They will be pedagogic spaces of meeting
• Contribute to the good performance in the
  educational system.
• Work 365 days of the year.
• Its supported by the government, and the
  community.

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BOGOTA WITHOUT HUNGER

• STRATEGY 3 - COMMUNITY DINING ROOMS
• The food will prepared and given to poor persons.
  
• They are located in 6 strategic places of the
  city.
• They are spaces of meeting for families and
  communities,
• They will be attended by community organizations
  and unemployed persons of the community who, in
  remuneration, will receive portions of food for
  their family.

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BOGOTA WITHOUT HUNGER

• STRATEGY 4 - COOPERATIVE SHOPS OF FOOD
  DISTRIBUTION
• They are small markets with basic food
• The margins of marketing will be minimal.
• The products will offer without packing with the
  wished volume, in such a way that the persons
  could acquire the basic goods in the quantity
  that they can pay

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Actions Against Hunger in Tokyo

• SUPPORT FOR THE SELF RELIANCE
• Population 12.000.000
• Homeless people 5521 (year 2000)
• Homeless people 3402 (year 2007)
• Exists since 2001
• Budget 3.2 billion JPY, (32 million USD) per year

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Actions Against Hunger in Tokyo

• PROCESS
• 1 Emergency,
• The goverment provides the homeless with shelter,
  food, clothes and health

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Actions Against Hunger in Tokyo

• Process
• 2 Rehabilitation
• Life guidance
• Job training
• The goverment fixes up a job
• Shelter for 1 5 months

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Actions Against Hunger in Tokyo

• Process
• 3 Self reliance
• After rehabilitation they need to move to a
  private house

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Actions against hunger in a combined way

• Giving food support to people
• Giving the chance to be self reliant

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Actions against hunger in Bangladesh

• Full Name The Peoples Republic of Bangladesh
• Capital Dhaka
• Population 140 million
• Number of villages 64000
• Poor people 40 of people live under poverty
  line

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Actions against hunger in Bangladesh

• Grameen Bank is providing micro credit to women
• World Food Program provides the direct food
  support.

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Actions against hunger in Pakistan

• Full name Islamic Republic of Pakistan
• Population 163.9 million
• Capital Islamabad
• Poverty nearly one-quarter of the population is
  classified poor as of October 2006
•  

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Actions against hunger in Pakistan

• President Rozgar scheme
• WFP is proving the free lunch for the girl
  children in the school.

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Actions against hunger

• At the end of the day.
• Let us hope for a bright future.

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Actions Against Hunger