Program Planning: Goals, Purpose Statements, Objectives and Logic Models

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Program Planning Goals, Purpose Statements,
Objectives and Logic Models
2005
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Goals
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Goals

• Identify clarify what you want to do or achieve
• Define what needs to be accomplished without
  getting bogged down in issues of measurement and
  timing
• Are described with an action verb a noun phrase

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Healthy People 2010

• Department of Health and Human Services
• Designed to serve as a road map for improving the
  health of all people in the United States during
  the first decade of the 21st century
• Comprehensive, nationwide health promotion and
  disease prevention agenda

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HP 2010 Contents

• 28 focus areas - nutrition appears in several
• 467 objectives
• Key Indicators

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Focus Areas at a Glance (28)1. Access to Quality
Health Services2. Arthritis, Osteoporosis and
Chronic Back Conditions3. Cancer4. Chronic
Kidney Disease5. Diabetes6. Disability and
Secondary Conditions7. Educational and
Community-Based Programs8. Environmental
Health9. Family Planning and Sexual Health10.
Food Safety11. Health Communication12. Heart
Disease and Stroke13. HIV14. Immunizations and
Infectious Diseases
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15. Injury and Violence Prevention16. Maternal,
Infant, and Child Health17. Medical Product
Safety18. Mental Health and Mental Disorders19.
Nutrition20. Occupational Safety and Health21.
Oral Health22. Physical Activity and Fitness23.
Public Health Infrastructure24. Respiratory
Diseases25. Sexually Transmitted Diseases26.
Substance Abuse27. Tobacco Use28. Vision and
Hearing
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Leading Health Indicators

• Physical Activity
• Overweight and Obesity
• Tobacco Use
• Substance Abuse
• Responsible Sexual Behavior
• Mental Health
• Injury and Violence
• Environmental Quality
• Immunization
• Access to Health Care

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HP 2010 Goals

• Increase quality and years of healthy life
• Eliminate health disparities

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Purpose Statements
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Can be used for

• Mission statements
• Program Description
• As a first step in the development of Performance
  Measures

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Purpose Statement Template

• The purpose of the ________________________
• (name of service, program or line of
  business)
• is to provide (or produce)______________________
  (service or product -what)
• for _______________________________________
• (customer -
  who )
• so that____________________________________
• (RESULT /
  benefit - why)

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Program Purpose Statement

• The purpose of the Nutrition Public Health
  Practice Program is to provide planning,
  coordination, demonstration and policy
  development assistance
• to communities. So that they can develop,
  implement, and evaluate programs and policies to
  promote nutrition and physical fitness behavior
  change.

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Objectives
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Many Kinds of Objectives

• Learning
• Process
• Outcome
• Others

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RUMBA - Objective Checklist
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Program Planning Objectives

• Outcome Objective a statement of the amount of
  change expected for a specified population within
  a given time frame.
• Process Objective a statement that measures the
  amount of change expected in the performance and
  utilization of interventions that impact on the
  outcome.

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Outcome Objectives Are...

• Long term
• Realistic
• Measurable
• levels of mortality, morbidity, disability
• levels of health conditions
• behavioral measures

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Examples of Outcome Measures from Healthy People
2010
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Weight Status and Growth

• Healthy weight in adults
• Obesity in adults
• Overweight or obesity in children and adolescents
• Growth retardation in children

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Food and Nutrient Consumption

• Fruit intake
• Vegetable intake
• Grain product intake
• Saturated fat intake
• Total fat intake
• Sodium intake
• Calcium intake

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Iron Deficiency and Anemia

• Iron deficiency in young children and in females
  of childbearing age
• Anemia in low-income pregnant females
• Iron deficiency in pregnant females

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Schools, Worksites, and Nutrition Counseling

• Meals and snacks at school
• Worksite promotion of nutrition education and
  weight management
• Nutrition counseling for medical conditions

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Food Security

• Food Security

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Increase the proportion of adults who are at a
healthy weight.

• Target 60 percent.
• Baseline 42 percent of adults aged 20 years and
  older were at a healthy weight (defined as a body
  mass index BMI equal to or greater than 18.5
  and less than 25) in 198894 (age adjusted to the
  year 2000 standard population).
• Target setting method Better than the best.
• Data source National Health and Nutrition
  Examination Survey (NHANES), CDC, NCHS.

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Process Objectives Are..

• Short-term
• Realistic
• Measurable
• Related to outcome measures
• there may be several process measures for one
  outcome measure

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Example of Process Objectives

• By December 2002, 40 female students who seek
  services at the teen health center will receive
  brief counseling interventions from the clinic
  nurse about use of folic acid supplements to
  prevent NTD.

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Logic Models
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What is a Logic Model?

• Tool for program planning and evaluation
• Picture of a program
• graphic representation of theory of action
• Relationship between what we put in (inputs),
  what we do (outputs), and what results (outcomes)
• Logical chain of if-then relationships

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Why Develop Logic Models?

• Visual displays are effective learning
  instruments for all involved
• Shows why planned actions are likely to lead to
  desired results
• Assures that process is not overlooked in
  evaluation
• Enhances ability to use on-going evaluation for
  mid-course corrections

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Logic Models Promote a Shared Vision

• Provide common language and reference point for
  all involved
• Fundamental purpose is clear
• Role of actions are clear
• Desired results at each step are clear

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Step 1 Determine Scope

• Can be good overview of whole program
• Smaller pieces of program can be shown in more
  detail

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Step 2 Identify Components

• Inputs what you do to make the program possible,
  resources applied
• Outputs what happens during the implementation
• Outcomes the direct result of your program
  activities

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Step 3 Draft Model

• Should be single page
• Landscape layout
• write left to right, not top to bottom
• use thin lines, dont alter thickness
• avoid abbreviations
• use simple font, avoid italics
• show if - then visually

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If
Then
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Step 4 Develop Evaluation Indicators

• Process measure activities
• ex numbers of trainings, meetings, technical
  assistance provided
• Outcome measure short, medium, and long term
  outcomes
• ex increased understandings, behavior change,
  health outcomes

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Good Indicators Are..

• Relevant
• Measurable
• Available or collectable
• Acceptable to participants, planners, funders and
  other stakeholders

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Step 5 Revisit the Model Frequently

• Lay indicator data directly onto model
• Determine whats working and what isnt
• Modify model if change theory isnt working
• Modify activities if unable to complete as planned