Polaris: A System for Query, Analysis and Visualization of Multi-dimensional Relational Databases - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Polaris: A System for Query, Analysis and Visualization of Multi-dimensional Relational Databases

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Title: Polaris: A System for Query, Analysis and Visualization of Multi-dimensional Relational Databases


1
Polaris A System for Query, Analysis and
Visualization of Multi-dimensional Relational
Databases
  • Presented by Darren Gatesfor ICS 280

2
Introduction
  • Polaris is a system for exploring large
    multi-dimensional databases, using the Pivot
    Table interface, but extending this idea to
    graphical displays and allowing the construction
    of complex queries.
  • Polaris uses tables to organize multiple graphs
    on a display, with each table consisting of
    layers and panes.

3
Pivot Tables
  • Multi-dimensional databases are often treated as
    n-dimensional cubes.
  • Pivot Tables allow rotation of multi-dimensional
    datasets, allowing different dimensions to assume
    the rows and columns of the table, with the
    remaining dimensions being aggregated within the
    table.

4
Example Baseball data
  • By dragging and dropping the dimensions to and
    from the left-hand column, top row, upper-left
    corner, and central data area (where the
    remaining dimensions are aggregated), one can
    change the Pivot Table view. Any of these views
    can be subsequently graphed.

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9
Polaris Design Concepts 1
  • An analysis tool for a large, multi-dimensional
    database must
  • allow data-dense displays for a large number of
    records and dimensions
  • allow multiple display types
  • have an exploratory interface should be able to
    rapidly change how data is viewed

10
Polaris Design Concepts 2
  • Characteristics of tables that make them
    effective to display multi-dimensional data
  • multivariate multiple dimensions can be encoded
    in the structure of the table
  • comparative tables generate small-multiple
    displays of information
  • familiar users are accustomed to tabular
    displays

11
Polaris Display 1
  • Drag and drop fields from database scheme onto
    shelves
  • May combine multiple data sources, each data
    source mapping to a separate layer
  • Multiple fields may be dragged onto each shelf
  • Data may be grouped or sorted, and aggregations
    may be computed

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13
Polaris Display 2
  • Selecting a single mark in a graphic displays the
    values for the mark
  • Can lasso a set of marks to brush records
  • Marks in the graphics use retinal properties (see
    subsequent slide)

14
Table Algebra
  • A formal mechanism to specify table
    configurations
  • Operators
  • concatenation
  • cross x
  • nest /

15
Graphics
  • Ordinal-Ordinal e.g. the table
  • the axis variables are typically independent of
    each other
  • Ordinal-Quantitative e.g. bar chart
  • the quantitative variable is often dependent on
    the ordinal variable
  • Quantitative-Quantitative e.g. maps
  • view distribution of data as a function of one or
    both variables discover causal relationships

16
Retinal Properties
  • Ordinal/nominal mapping vs. quantitative mapping
  • Properties Shape, size, orientation, and color.
  • When encoding a quantitative variables, should
    only vary one aspect at a time

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18
Querying
  • Three steps
  • Select the records
  • Partition the records into panes
  • Transform the records within the panes
  • To create database queries, it is necessary to
    generate an SQL query per table pane (i.e. must
    iterate over entire table, executing SQL for each
    pane).

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Discussion
  • Allows overlap between the relations that are
    divided into each pane of the Polaris display,
    unlike the basic Pivot Table model.
  • Allows more versatile computation of aggregates
    (e.g., medians and averages, in addition to
    sums).
  • Intuitive drag-and-drop interface, like that seen
    in Pivot Tables

21
Possible Improvements
  • Generate database tables from a selected set of
    marks
  • Integrate a table lens, instead of having to
    click a mark to view its details
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