Kevin

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monkeys

• Kevin
• Smyrna middle school
• Mini school
• 6-1
• 11/01/07

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monkeys

• -monkeys are primates, the highest or most
  intelligent group of mammals.
• -most monkeys are tree dwellars.

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• -There are at least 145 living species of the
  subborder anthropoidea.
• -Over 90 of them are monkeys.
• -The anthropoids(members of the suborder
  anthropoid) have been most successful in
  populating the earth.

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new world monkeys

• New world monkeys are limited to Tropical Forest
  enviroments of Southern
  Mexico,Central,and Southern America

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• -all of these monkeys are predominately,arboreal,a
  nd mostely herbivorous.-They eat
  leaves,fruit,nuts,gum,and ocasionally small prey
  such as insects. Today there are at least 53
  species commonly divided into two
  familes,callithricidae and cebidae.

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• -The callithricidae consist of marmosets and
  tamarins. They range in weight from only 1/3 to 2
  pounds140-900g.,but their thick fur and long
  tails deceptively make them look larger and
  heavier. The mormosets are the smallest of all
  monkey species. Both marmosets and tamarins are
  consider to be primitive monkeys. Their thumbs
  are not opposable.

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• They have claws on all digits except for their
  big toes, which have nails.  They do not have
  prehensile tails.  They also lack the ability to
  change their facial expressions.  Twin births are
  common.  All other primate species usually give
  birth to only one child at a time.  In addition,
  marmoset and tamarind infants are usually carried
  on their father's back and are generally only
  passed over to their mother for nursing. 
  Apparently, marmosets are unable to maintain a
  very stable core body temperature.  It can vary
  as much as 8.5º F. (4º C.) over a day.

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• The favorite food of tamarinds and marmosets is
  carbohydrate rich tree sap which they tap by
  gnawing holes in trunks.  Their territories are
  centered on the trees that they regularly exploit
  in this way.  Some tamarind species eat flower
  nectar as well.  The smaller marmosets venture
  into the very top of forest canopies to hunt
  insects that are abundant there.

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• Most of the New World monkeys are in the family
  Canidae which is commonly subdivided into four
  subfamilies
•    Cabaña  (squirrel and
  capuchin Actiniae
  (night and titan.
  Adeline (howler and
  spider Apothecia
  (bakeries and sakes

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• The Carbide range in weight from 1.5 to 33 pounds
  (.7-14.5 kg.), which is significantly heavier
  than the marmosets and tamarinds.   The howler is
  the largest of the New World monkeys.  Like the
  indris of Madagascar, they have developed the
  unusual habit of defending territory in the top
  branches of their forest canopies with
  vocalizations. 

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• The howlers do this with a specialized larynx and
  throat that expands like a balloon.  Their deep,
  throaty sound is extraordinarily loud.  In fact,
  a chorus of howler calls can carry for several
  miles if the winds are favorable.

• Like the Old World monkeys, the Carbide have
  nails on all of their fingers and toes.  Social
  group size varies from that of the squirrel
  monkey, which lives in troops of up to 500
  individuals, to that of the night (or owl)
  monkey, which lives in small nuclear family groups

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Spider monkeys

• Spider monkeys have long slender arms,legs,and
  tails which accounts for their name. These
  monkeys move through the branches of the jungle
  forest nearly as adeptly as gibbons,and they
  rarely come to the ground .they carry their tail
  coils on their back. The single young at first
  holds onto the front side of their mother. Later
  it rides on her back as she swings from branch to
  branch. There are about ten species,all of which
  have been kept successfully in captivity. Many
  owners report that they are uncertain in
  temperament,especially after reaching
  maturity,and they can bite nastily with their
  sharp teeth and strong jaws.

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• monkeys are among the largest primates in the
  Geotropic. They can grow to be 22 to 36 inches
  tall when standing. And, their tails are about
  the same size in length as their bodies. Male
  howlers are black, while females are brown. They
  have prehensile tails that they can use to grab
  onto branches. They make loud vocalizations to
  mark their territory, thus earning their name.
  Their howls, which resemble a strong wind blowing
  through a tunnel, have been heard over two miles
  away by researchers.

Howler monkeys are among the largest primates in
the Geotropic. They can grow to be 22 to 36
inches tall when standing. And, their tails are
about the same size in length as their bodies.
Male howlers are black, while females are brown.
They have pre to grab onto branches. They make
loud vocalizations to mark their territory, thus
earning their name. Their howls, which resemble a
strong wind blowing through a tunnel, have been
heard over two miles away by researchers. While
most individuals do not live for more than 15
years in the wild, it is possible for howlers to
reach over 20 years in age. Habitat Howler
monkeys are found only in the rainforests of the
Americas. They live in tall rainforest trees in
groups of between 4 and 19 members. They travel
from tree to tree in search of food -- walking
from limb to limb, rather than jumping. While not
particularly perky primates, they are most active
during the day (diurnal), sleeping high in
rainforest trees at night. Diet Howlers are
strict vegetarians, eating only flowers, fruits
and leaves. In Belize, special community managed
protected areas have been established to keep
people from over-harvesting the fruit and flowers
that the howlers need to survive.
Threats Howlers have both natural and
human-induced threats to their existence. The
black howler monkey, known as the "baboon" in
Belize, is endangered throughout much of its
range due to hunting and habitat destruction. As
forests are cleared, howlers, who need several
acres of forest per troop to survive, are
becoming increasingly rare. Throughout the region
in which they are found, howlers are hunted both
for food and for sport. Some experts believe that
howlers could become extinct within the next 35
years.