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Cnidaria

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Blooms of jellyfish -yearly problem to fishermen and coastal ... Jellyfish poison can also create problems with the heart tissue of humans if they are stung. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Cnidaria


1
Cnidaria Ctenophora
(Permission granted from University of California
Museum of Paleontology.)
  • Michael Ulizio

2
Common and Scientific Names
  • Cnidarians Phylum in the kingdom Eumetazoa.
  • Four Cnidarian classes
  • Hydrozoa - Hydroids. Includes genus Hydra.
  • Scyphozoa - Jellyfish.
  • Cubozoa - Box Jellyfish.
  • Anthozoa - Sea Anemones and Corals.
  • Ctenophores Smaller Phylum - Comb Jellies

Picture from Cnidaria and Ctenophora  Second
Edition.
3
Fundamental Biology
  • Cnidarians
  • Carnivores which trap their prey.
  • Some suspension feeders.
  • Some supplement food intake with photosynthetic
    symbiotic algae which produces coral.
  • Two life stages.
  • Polyp stage (Colonial) - asexual reproduction by
    budding.
  • Medusa stage Sexual Reproduction.
  • Both stages are diploid.

Picture from Cnidaria and Ctenophora  Second
Edition. 
  • Ctenophores
  • Carnivorous.
  • Trap prey like Cnidarians
  • Usually feed on plankton
  • Most hermaphroditic. (One organism creates
    both the eggs and sperm.)

4
Features Shared with Closely Related Taxa
  • Invertebrate classification is undergoing a
    reevaluation
  • - Organization of phyla by body plan
  • - Organization of phyla by rRNA analysis. 
  • Both are similar to Aceolmates, Pseudocoelomates
    and Coelomates in that they all have tissues.
  • Both are similar to Echinoderms because they both
    have radial symmetry. 

Picture from Cnidaria and Ctenophora  Second
Edition. 
  • Radiata, Bilateria, and Parazoa
  • - all multicellular
  • - all stem from a hypothesized ancestral protist

5
Different/Unique Features When Compared to
Related Taxa
  • Unique Cnidarians
  • -have a medusa and a polyp stage
  • -Some such as corals and sea anemones only have
    the polyp stage
  • stinging cells ingested with food and eliminated
    through various pathways

Picture from Cnidaria and Ctenophora  Second
Edition. 
  • Nervous system - manner in which the cells
    grow and spread out within the organism 
  • No difference between Axons and Dendrites in
    hydra (also Ctenophora)

6
Importance of Cnidaria Ctenophora
  • Blooms of jellyfish
  • -yearly problem to fishermen and coastal
    residents
  • -can destroy fisheries by consuming fish larvae
    and eating all of the shrimp and plankton (the
    same food the fish need to survive)
  • New discoveries of jellyfish
  • - April 2004 - new jellyfish was discovered with
    no tentacles
  • -Instead of tentacles, the jelly had clusters of
    stinging cells across its body

Picture from Cnidaria and Ctenophora  Second
Edition.
7
Other Important Features
  • Marine Medicine
  • use of coastal areas for scuba diving, surfing,
    snorkeling, etc. has increased
  • risk of humans coming into contact with harmful
    marine life
  • this new field is becoming a responsibility of
    family physicians
  • patients suffer trauma, envenomation, or
    poisoning from marine creatures.
  • Serious Dangers
  • Jellyfish poison can also create problems with
    the heart tissue of humans if they are stung. 
  • This creates oxygen deprived regions of the
    heart, which can lead to various complications

Picture from Cnidaria and Ctenophora  Second
Edition.
8
Interesting Facts
  • Jellyfish can have up to 800 tentacles
  • Jellyfish have been on Earth for 450 million
    years
  • A coral reef can contain over 1500 types of fish
  • The Great Barrier Reef is the only natural
    structure able to be seen from space
  • It takes about 20 years for Coral to grow one foot
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