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Modernism

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Modernism Timeline. 1934 Hitler becomes dictator. 1936 Civil War in Spain begins ... France declare war on Germany. Modernism Timeline. 1941. Germany invades ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Modernism


1
Modernism
  • 1918-1945

2
Difference between Realism and Modernism
  • Whereas REALISM
  • Emphasized absolutism, and
  • Believed that a single reality could be
    determined through the observation of nature
  • MODERNISM
  • Argued for cultural relativism,
  • And believed that people make their own meaning
    in the world.

3
Value Differences in the Modern World
4
World War I1914 (1917-1918)
5
WWI Doughboys and Air Fights
6
WWI Trench War Fare and Poison Gas
7
Russian Revolution 1917
8
Social Snapshot of the Times
  • Result of Political Turmoil
  • Revolutionary Ideologies Rise
  • Fascism
  • The separation and persecution or denial of
    equality to a certain group based on race, creed,
    or origin
  • Nazism
  • Socialism featuring racism, expansionism and
    obedience to a strong leader
  • Communism
  • Control of the means of production should rest in
    the hands of the laborers.

9
Fascism and Nazism
10
Communism
11
Social Snapshot of the Times
  • Scientific Revolution
  • Quantum theory
  • Explains the nature of matter and energy on the
    atomic and subatomic level
  • Principle of Uncertainty
  • In quantum mechanics increasing the accuracy of
    measurement of one observable quantity increases
    the uncertainty with which another may be known

12
Snapshot of the Times Implications for Nature of
Reality
  • Many-worlds (multi-verse) theory
  • As soon as the potential exists for any object to
    be in any state, the universe of the object
    transmutes into a series of parallel universes
    equaling the number of possible states in which
    an object can exist. Stephen Hawking posits the
    possibility for interaction between universes.
  • Copenhagen interpretation nothing exists until
    it is measured
  • Schrödinger's cat (dead and alive)

13
Schrödinger's cat
14
Forces Behind Modernism
  • The sense that our culture has no center, no
    values.
  • Paradigm shift
  • from the closed, finite, measurable,
    cause-and-effect universe of the 19th century to
    an open, relativistic, changing, strange universe

15
Characteristics of Modernism in Literature
  • Literature Exhibits Perspectivism
  • Meaning comes from the individuals perspective
    and is thus personalized
  • A single story might be told from the perspective
    of several different people, with the assumption
    that the truth is somewhere in the middle

16
Characteristics of Modernism in Literature
  • Inner psychological reality or interiority is
    represented
  • Stream of consciousnessportraying the
    characters inner monologue

17
Characteristic of Modernism in Literature
  • Perception of language changes
  • No longer seen as transparent, allowing us to
    see through to reality
  • But now considered the way an individual
    constructs reality
  • Language is thick with multiple meanings and
    varied connotative forces.

18
Characteristic of Modernism in Literature
  • Emphasis on the Experimental
  • Art is artifact rather than reality
  • Organized non-sequentially
  • Experience portrayed as layered, allusive,
    discontinuous, using fragmentation and
    juxtaposition.
  • Ambiguous endingsopen endings which are seen as
    more representative of reality.

19
The Armory Show International Exhibition of
Modern Art, 1913
  • Watershed date in American art
  • Introduced astonished New Yorkers, accustomed to
    realistic art, to modern art
  • Teddy Roosevelt said, Thats not art!

20
Matisse
21
Cubism
  • Cubism1909-1911
  • Art in which multiple views are presented
    simultaneously in flattened, geometric way.

22
Cubism
23
Dadaism
  • Dadaism deliberately irrational
  • a protest against the barbarism of the War and
    oppressive intellectual rigidity
  • Anti-art
  • Strives to have no meaning
  • Interpretation dependent entirely on the viewer
  • Intentionally offends.

24
Dadaism
Duchamp
25
Surrealism
  • Surrealism
  • Grew out of Dada and automatism.
  • Reveals the unconscious mind in dream images, the
    irrational, and the fantastic,
  • Impossible combinations of objects depicted in
    realistic detail.

26
Surrealism
Magritte
Dali
27
Jackson Pollock
28
Futurism
  • Futurismgrew out of Cubism.
  • Added implied motion to the shifting planes and
    multiple observation points of the Cubists
  • Celebrated natural as well as mechanical motion
    and speed.
  • Glorified danger, war, and the machine

29
Futurism
Giacomo Balla
Kandinsky
30
Modernism Timeline
  • 1914 Outbreak of WWI
  • 1917 US enters war, Russian Revolution
  • 1919
  • WWI ends,
  • Einsteins Relativity theory confirmed,
  • Prohibition begins

31
Modernism Timeline
  • 1920
  • League of Nations begins
  • 19th Amendment granting women the vote
  • 1921Irish Free State proclaimed
  • 1922Fascists march on Rome under Mussolini
  • 1923Charleston craze

32
Modernism Timeline
  • 1925
  • Image of human face televised
  • Hitler published Mein Kampf
  • 1927
  • Lindbergh flies solo across Atlantic
  • Al Jolson, first talkie

33
Modernism Timeline
  • 1929US stock market crashes
  • 1933
  • Hitler appointed Chancellor of Germany
  • First German concentration camps
  • Prohibition ends in US

34
Modernism Timeline
  • 1934Hitler becomes dictator
  • 1936Civil War in Spain begins
  • 1938Germany occupies Austria
  • 1939
  • Hitler and Stalin make pact
  • Germany invades Poland
  • Great Britain and France declare war on Germany

35
Modernism Timeline
  • 1941
  • Germany invades USSR
  • Japan bombs Pearl Harbor, US enters war
  • 1942
  • Battle of Stalingrad, Battle of Midway
  • T-shirt invented
  • 1944D-Day invasion of France

36
Modernism Timeline
  • 1945
  • End of war in Europe
  • Atomic bomb dropped on Japan
  • First computer built
  • Microwave oven invented
  • United Nations founded

37
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