U. S. History II USII.3 The student will demonstrate knowledge of how life changed after the Civil W

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U. S. History IIUSII.3 The student will
demonstrate knowledge of how life changed after
the Civil War
http//www.texasbeyondhistory.net/forts/frontier.h
tml
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U. S. History IIReview of U. S. Status prior to
Civil War
http//www.heartland.it/map_westward_expansion.htm
l
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Why did westward expansion occur?

• Opportunities for land ownership

• Technological advances, including the
  Transcontinental Railroad.

• Possibility of wealth created by the discovery of
  gold and silver

• A new beginning for former slaves

• Adventure

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http//www.wicknet.org/history/jvanatta/maps/Post-
CW20maps/postcivilwar.htm
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The Railroad
http//www.authentichistory.com/postcivilwar/west/
1869_union_pacific_railroad_poster.html
http//www.authentichistory.com/postcivilwar/west/
railroad_notice_1.html
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Why did immigration increase?

• Hope for better opportunities

• Religious freedom

• Escape from oppressive governments

• Adventure

http//images.google.com/imgres?imgurlhttp//www.
constitutioncenter.org/timeline/flash/assets/asset
_upload_file224_12150.jpgimgrefurlhttp//www.con
stitutioncenter.org/timeline/html/cw08_12150.html
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num3D1026hl3Den26lr3D26sa3DN
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Why did cities develop?

• Specialized industries including steel
  (Pittsburg) and meat packing (Chicago).

• Immigration from other countries

• Movement of Americans from rural to urban areas
  for job opportunities

http//www.chicago43rd.org/ArmitageHalsted/index.h
tm
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http//www.theotherpages.org/poems/sandb02.html
    HOG Butcher for the World,     Tool Maker,
Stacker of Wheat,     Player with Railroads and
the Nation's Freight Handler     Stormy, husky,
brawling,     City of the Big Shoulders They
tell me you are wicked and I believe them, for I
    have seen your painted women under the gas
lamps     luring the farm boys. And they tell
me you are crooked and I answer Yes, it     is
true I have seen the gunman kill and go free to
    kill again. And they tell me you are brutal
and my reply is On the     faces of women and
children I have seen the marks     of wanton
hunger. And having answered so I turn once more
to those who     sneer at this my city, and I
give them back the sneer     and say to them
Come and show me another city with lifted head
singing     so proud to be alive and coarse and
strong and cunning. Flinging magnetic curses
amid the toil of piling job on     job, here is
a tall bold slugger set vivid against the
    little soft cities
Chicago
A poem by Carl Sandburg, written in
1916 (stanzas 1-2)
http//www.theglobalgame.com/gleanusa.html
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What inventions created great change and
industrial growth in the United States?
http//www.greenmethods.com/incl_pages/gm_biosindu
st.php

• Lighting and mechanical uses of electricity
  (Thomas Edison)

• Telephone service (Alexander Graham Bell)

http//www.bu.edu/webcentral/learning/fireworks2/p
reparation.html
http//www.att.com/history/milestone_1892.html
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What challenges faced Americans as a result of
those social and technological changes?

• Rapid industrialization and urbanization led to
  overcrowded immigrant neighborhoods and tenements.

http//kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/crane.htm
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Efforts to Solve Immigration Problems

• Settlement houses, such as Hull House founded by
  Jane Addams
• Political machines that gained power by attending
  to the needs of new immigrants (e.g., jobs,
  housing)

http//www.people.virginia.edu/dgs4g/
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Interaction and conflict between different
cultural groups
http//www.culture-amerindiens.com/categorie-48296
8.html

• Indian policies and wars
• Reservations
• Battle of Little Bighorn
• Chief Joseph
• Discrimination against immigrants
• Chinese
• Irish

http//www.authentichistory.com/postcivilwar/carto
ons/1869_anti_chinese.html
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Challenges Faced by Cities
http//pre1900prints.com/Political/political.htm

• Political corruption (political machines)
• Tenements and ghettos

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Racial Segregation

• Based upon race
• Directed primarily against African Americans, but
  other groups also were kept segregated

http//maggiesfarm.anotherdotcom.com/uploads/crisi
s_cafe.jpg
"Jim Crow" laws were passed to discriminate
against African Americans.
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Jim Crow Laws

• Made discrimination practices legal in many
  communities and states
• Were characterized by unequal opportunities in
  housing, work, education, and government

http//arcweb.sos.state.or.us/exhibits/war/ww1/dra
ft.html
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http//www.overthinking.org/portfolio/data/media/4
/jimcrow.gif
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Booker T. Washington

• Believed equality could be achieved through
  vocational education
• Accepted social segregation

http//www.authentichistory.com/postcivilwar/gener
al_images/postcw_gen01.html
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W. E. B. Du Bois

• Believed in full political, civil, and social
  rights for African Americans

http//www.americaslibrary.gov/aa/dubois/aa_dubois
_subj_e.html
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Reasons for Rise and Prosperity of Big Business

• National markets created by transportation
  advances

• Captains of industry
• John D. Rockefelleroil
• Andrew Carnegiesteel
• Henry Ford--automobile

• Advertising

• Lower-cost production

http//www.lakemirabel.com/Railroad/RhinebeckConne
cticut.html
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Rockefeller, Carnegie, Ford
http//www.spdconline.org/history/Facts/Steel.html

• Turn of the Century Oil Fieldsthe kind that made
  rockefeller rich

http//www.uh.edu/engines/epi177.htm
Henry Fords first car
Carnegie Steel Works, the largest steel plant in
the United States
http//voteview.com/rtopic5.htm
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Factors Resulting in Growth of Industry

• Access to raw materials and energy

• Availability of work force

• Inventions

• Financial resources

http//www.fotosearch.com/ECC117/01040181/
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Examples of Big Business

• Railroads

• Oil

• Steel

http//bentley.umich.edu/bhl/mhchome/railroad/rrna
mel.htm
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Postwar Changes in Farm and City Life

• Mechanization (e.g., the reaper) had reduced farm
  labor needs and increased production.

• Industrial development in cities created
  increased labor needs.

http//pittsfieldhistory.org/index.php?sectionhom
econtentwanted
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Negative Effects of Industrialization
http//www.historyplace.com/unitedstates/childlabo
r/index.html

• Child labor

• Low wages and long hours

• Unsafe working conditions

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Rise of Organized Labor

• StrikesAftermath of Homestead Strike

• Formation of unionsGrowth of American Federation
  of Labor

http//www.authentichistory.com/postcivilwar/gener
al_images/1886_painting_the_strike.html
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Progressive Movement Workplace Reforms

• Improved safety conditions

• Reduced work hours

• Placed restrictions on child labor

http//us.history.wisc.edu/hist102/lectures/lectur
e11.html
http//www.eagleton.rutgers.edu/e-gov/e-politicala
rchive-Progressive.htm
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Womens Suffrage
http//us.history.wisc.edu/hist102/lectures/lectur
e14.html
http//newman.baruch.cuny.edu/DIGITAL/redscare/HTM
LCODE/CHRON/RS137.HTM

• Increased educational opportunities

• Attained voting rights
• Women gained the right to vote with passage of
  the 19th Amendment to the Constitution of the
  United States of America
• Susan B. Anthony worked for womens suffrage

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Temperance Movement

• Composed of groups opposed to the making and
  consuming of alcohol

• Supported 18th Amendment prohibiting the
  manufacture, sale, and transport of alcoholic
  beverages

http//us.history.wisc.edu/hist102/photos/html/114
4.html
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Jeopardy Review
Located on the Web at http//www.alleghany.k12.v
a.us/DGB_ITRT/PP20Presentations/CM20Jeopardy/C.M
.Jeopardy2.ppt
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Works Cited

• Homesteading 70 Years on the Great Plains,
  1862-1932. United Learning. 1992.
  unitedstreaming. 19 October 2006
  .
• Locomotive with Riders. Library of Congress.
  2006. unitedstreaming. 19 October
  2006.
• North to Alaska. MP3 audio file. 24 Oct.
  2006 arch?r_aid CB26F6B7B0AE44CFA8FBF832671747B0r_eop
  .
• San Francisco Longshore Strike. Part I 1934.
  Internet Archive. 10 Mar. 2001. 24 Oct. 2006
  .
• West Region, The People and Heritage. 100
  Educational Videos. 2001. unitedstreaming. 19
  October 2006 .
  
• Westward Expansion The Pioneer Challenge.
  Rainbow Educational Media. 1992. unitedstreaming.
  19 October 2006 .

http//babel.massart.edu