The IPPC Directive and EPER

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The IPPC Directive and EPER

• Iksan van der Putte

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Objectives of IPPC (Integrated Pollution
Prevention and Control)

• To prevent or minimise emissions
• To provide a high level of environmental
  protection for the environment as a whole
• To minimise the consumption of raw material and
  energy
• To simplify and strengthen the role of the
  Control Authorities

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The IPPC Licensing System

• controls
• Effluent discharge
• Emissions to air
• Waste management
• Noise
• Related activities
• from Specified Activities
• with

One Integrated Permit
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IPPC free interpretation !

• IPPC Integrated stand for Individual balance of
  cost and benefit. All aspect in one permit.
• IPPC Pollution is all that may be harmful to
  human health and to the quality of the
  environment. Include Energy consumption and waste
  production gt BAT shall be use to prevent
  Pollution but also to conservation of energy and
  waste minimization
• IPPC Prevention comes before control (can take
  more time)

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integrated approach
Prevention of Accident
Noise
Energy efficiency
Raw materials
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integrated approach

• and restoration of the site upon closure.

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Best Available Techniques(BAT) means...

• Best Most effective and advanced
• Available Commercially available
  and demonstrated
• Techniques Technology and operating
  practices/management
• to reduce impact on the environment as a whole

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ESTABLISHING Best Available Techniques (BAT)

• The competent body / environmental
  regulator in
• Member States

• i.e. determined for specific installations
• according sector and local issues

• you will get different BATs in different
  places and
• different countries

• there is no single BAT for a certain type
  of
• industrial activity

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Issues considered in identifying BAT (a balanced
judgment)
Costs and benefits of measure
Identification of BAT
Installation time
Achievable emissions
Technical reliability
Environmental impacts air, land, water
Energy use
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Use of BAT in IPPC
IPPC Permit
Emission limit value other conditions
EQS

• Other issues
• - local environment
• geographic location
• technical characteristics

Level of control achievable by BAT
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IPPC Licensing applies to these sectors

• Energy Industries
• Production and Processing of Metals
• Mineral Industry
• Chemical Production
• Waste Management
• Other Activities (but excluding Nuclear)

The Directive lists the activities covered by
IPPC under 6 main headings and 31 sub-categories
(Annex I) Total 56 industrial activities
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Other Activities includes...

• Pulp, Paper, Timber
• Dyeing of Textiles
• Tanneries
• Slaughterhouses
• Food Processing
• Milk processing

• Disposal of dead Animals
• Intensive rearing of Poultry and Pigs
• Use of Solvents for surface treatment
• Manufacture of Carbon

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Does IPPC apply to all sizes of enterprise?
Some categories include activities of all sizes
e.g. Manufacture of Fertilisers Other categories
have specified thresholds e.g. Slaughterhouses
with a throughput exceeding 50 t/d
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What is a PER?
An integrated database with emission data or
pollutant releases associated from identified
facilities which is accessible to the
public EPER European Pollutant Emission Register
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IPPC Directive - Article15 (3)

• Article 15 (3) states-
• An inventory of the principal emissions and
  sources responsible shall be published every
  three years by the Commission on the basis of the
  data supplied by the Member States. .

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PER - Commission Decision
Commission Decision 2000/479/EC detailed the
measures Member States must take to implement
Article 15 (3) of the IPPC Directive.
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Requirements
The Decision requires Member States to supply
data about IPPC facilities (every 3 years) under
the following headings

• Releases
• Time
• Pollutants (above a threshold)
• Sources
• Locations

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Releases
The report must include the direct releases to
air and water as well as the indirect release by
transfer to an off-site wastewater treatment
plant Releases to land or groundwater,
transfers of waste and on-site transfers are not
included..
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Time
The release year will make it possible to follow
trends and analyse emission reductions as a
result of the achievement of industrial
sectors The EPER has started in 2003 with a
reporting frequency of 3 years.
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Pollutants
The emission data must be reported for a list of
50 pollutants (chemicals or groups of chemicals),
of which 37 substances for air and 26 for
water, Waste is excluded from the reporting
obligations.
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Sources
The emissions of about 20,000 individual
facilities covered by the IPPC Directive must be
reported together with an identification code of
the industrial sector, so that the data can be
aggregated and compared for both sectors and
countries.
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(No Transcript)
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Locations
The site of the facility must be identified
geographically, so the data can be used for
modeling and calculations of the concentrations
in ambient air
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Objectives
There are several objectives of a PER. Some the
key ones being

• provides data to aid governments in developing
  environmental policy
• it is a public instrument for governments to
  monitor environmental policies
• a tool to enhance public awareness of
  environmental pollution.

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Benefits
A PER can have several benefits

• harmonises reporting requirements and avoids
  duplicate reporting by industry
• provides additional information to prioritise
  enforcement of permit compliance
• it enables facilities to compare their
  performance with similar facilities.

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EU Goals

• The goals of the EPER (from the Commissions point
  of view) are related to different groups of
  users
• Government
• Public
• Industry

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Selected Pollutants
The selection criteria for putting substances
into Annex 3 (of the Decision) were based on the
environmental significance of the pollutants and
are as follows

• considering the Annex III list of the Directive
  and making a differentiation between air water
• pollutants for which international reporting
  requirements already exist
• having both individual chemicals and groups
• including pollutants for both air and water.

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QualityQuality Assurance responsibility of
Government Reporting IndustriesQuality
Control responsibility of Government.
Quality of reported data is the accumulated
result of the following aspects

• Timeliness
• Completeness
• Uncertainty
• Comparability
• Consistency and
• Transparency.

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Determination Methodologies
The EPER database indicates for each data set
what methodology was used to determine the
emission data. These are
M measured using standardised or accepted
methods C based on nationally
or internationally accepted estimation
methods E based on non-standardised
estimations or expert guesses
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Timetable
The timetable for the EPER, originally, was as
follows

• first reporting by Member States June 2003
• second reporting by member states June 2006
• after review a decision should be taken as to
  whether to move to annual reporting
• from 2008 the Member States will be encouraged
  to report the annual data in December rather than
  June of the following year.

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The Future of EPER

• After each reporting cycle the whole aspect of
  the EPER is to be reviewed. Possible changes
  (currently being accomplished) include
• the reporting frequency may change
• the contents of the list of pollutants and the
  thresholds may change
• the facilities that have to report may be
  expanded beyond those covered by IPPC
• expansion of the scope of the EPER into a fully
  integrated PRTR

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PER Responsibilities

• There are 3 bodies with differing
  responsibilities associated with the functioning
  of the EPER
• Industry (IPPC Processes)
• Government
• The Commission ( the EEA).

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Industry Functions

• Identify those substances which are in Annex 3
  of the Decision which the plant emits above the
  thresholds in that Annex
• Calculate the amount (kgs/year) released
• Report to the to the competent authority in a
  timely manner.

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Government Functions

• Identification of facilities with Annex I
  Activities
• Identification of Source Categories NOSE-P
  Codes
• Collection of Data
• Validation of Data (Quality Control)
• Submission of data to the Commission

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Commission Functions

• Receipt of data
• Consistency checking
• Compilation of data
• Dissemination of data
• Issuing of Guidance
• Review of methodology.

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Examples of Situations with Various Sites,
Facilities and Activities
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Example 1
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Releases to Water
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Releases to Air
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Example 2
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Releases to Water
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Releases to Water - Combined Facilities(exception
- ref service contract)
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Releases to Air
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Example Bulgaria

• RIEW Regional Inspectorate for Environment and
  Water
• MOEW Ministry of Environment and Water
• ExEA Executive Environment Agency EEA
  European Environment Agency

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I think you have a problem
EPER
Industry and government should co-operate to get
EPER moving into the right direction