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Folk and Popular Culture

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Food attractions and Taboo. Taboo to eat things that are thought to embody negativity. May establish food taboos to protect the environment ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Folk and Popular Culture


1
Folk and Popular Culture
2
Definition of Culture
  • A group of belief systems, norms and values
    practiced by a people
  • Recognized in 1 of 2 ways
  • People call themselves a culture
  • Others can label a certain group of people as a
    culture

3
Folk Culture
  • Small
  • Incorporates homogeneous population
  • Typically rural
  • Cohesive in cultural traits
  • Work to preserve those traits in order to claim
    uniqueness

4
Folk Culture cont.
  • Material culture what a group of people make
  • Nonmaterial culture beliefs, practices,
    aesthetics and values of a group of people

5
Popular Culture
  • Large
  • Incorporates heterogeneous populations
  • Typically urban
  • Experiences quickly changing cultural traits
  • Practiced by people across identities and across
    the world
  • Also encompasses material and nonmaterial culture

6
How is popular culture diffused?
  • Hierarchical diffusion
  • Uses an urban hierarchy (distance decay)
  • David Harvey time-space compression
  • Refers to social and psychological effects of
    living in a time-space convergence (Donald
    Janelle)
  • Since technology links some places more closely
    than others, culture diffuses more quickly rather
    than at a constant rate

7
Hearths of Popular Culture
  • How do things become a part of popular culture?
  • Often begins with contagious diffusion
  • Ex. Dave Matthews Band

8
Manufacturing a Hearth
  • Clayton Rosati
  • Studied infrastructure of MTV its role in the
    production of popular culture and geographies of
    popular culture
  • MTV produces popular culture by opening
    globalized spaces to local culture thereby
    globalizing local culture

9
  • Popular culture does not take over the existing
    popular culture, rather a process called
    reterritorialization of popular culture occurs
  • When people w/in a place start to produce an
    aspect of popular culture themselves in the
    context of their own culture ands making it their
    own

10
How are local cultures sustained?
  • Assimilation of certain groups destroyed local
    culture
  • Local culture sustained through customs
  • Simon Harrison
  • 2 goals of local cultures keep other cultures
    out keep their culture in
  • Local cultures work to avoid cultural
    appropriation
  • Recognized that through cultural appropriation,
    places become increasingly important
  • neolocalism

11
Influence of the Physical Environment
  • Customs are influenced by climate, soil and
    vegetation
  • Particularly responsive to environment b/c low
    level of technology and agricultural economy
  • 2 necessities of life food and shelter
  • Shows the influence of cultural values and the
    environment on the development of unique folk
    culture

12
Distinctive Food Preferences
  • Derived from the environment
  • Adapt food preferences to environmental
    conditions
  • Role of terrior (effects of the environment on a
    particular food item)

13
Food attractions and Taboos
  • Everything in nature has a signature or distinct
    characteristic
  • Therefore people eat and dont eat certain things
    based on a response as to whether it is socially
    acceptable or not
  • The nutritional value is one of the determining
    factors in whether someone eats something or not
  • Some things are eaten b/c they enhance some
    characteristic the culture deems important

14
Food attractions and Taboo
  • Taboo to eat things that are thought to embody
    negativity
  • May establish food taboos to protect the
    environment
  • Religion and social values also play a role in
    food taboos

15
Folk Housing
  • House among the essential facts of human
    geography
  • A. Distinctive Building Materials
  • -influenced by location, resources
    available and social factors
  • B. Distinctive House Form and Orientation
  • -forms result from customary beliefs or
    environmental factors

16
Folk Housing cont.
  • C. Housing and Environment
  • -homes are constructed based on the
    environment

17
U.S. Folk House Forms
  • Fred Kniffen-3 major hearths of folk house forms
    in the US
  • NE-saltbox, two-chimney, cape cod, front gable
    and wing
  • Mid-Atlantic I house
  • Lower Cheasapeake-one story w/steep roof and two
    chimneys
  • Style of housing not as distinctive anymore due
    to rapid communication and transportation systems
  • Majority of people dont build the houses they
    live in

18
Diffusion of folk housing forms
19
Local Popular Culture Seen in the Cultural
Landscape
  • Reflects norms, values and aesthetics of a
    culture
  • Placelessness (Edward Relph)
  • Cultural landscapes are so similar because
  • Architecture forms planning ideas have diffused
    around the world.
  • Individual businesses products are so
    widespread they impact all places
  • The borrowing of idealized landscae images
    promotes a blurring of place distinctiveness

20
Why is popular culture widely distributed?
  • Popular Housing Styles
  • Modern house styles (1945-1960) minimal
    traditional, ranch, split level, contemporary
    shed style houses
  • Neo-eclectic (1960-) mansard, neo-Tudor,
    Neo-French, neo-colonial
  • have great rooms rather than separate living
    family rooms

21
Diffusion of Popular Culture cont.
  • Rapid Diffusion of Clothes
  • Characterized by income and job characteristics
  • Improved communication
  • Exposure to folk dress due to increased travel
    television
  • Jeans-know why how jeans became a part of
    popular culture

22
Diffusion of Popular Culture cont.
  • Snack foods and beverages
  • preference based on what is made, grown or
    imported locally
  • also affected by background
  • dependent on income and advertising

23
Role of TV in diffusing Popular Culture
  • Significant custom because
  • Most popular leisure activity
  • Most important means by which culture is diffused

24
Why Does Globalization of Popular Culture Cause
Problems?
  • Threat to Folk Culture
  • Rising income increases demand for items valued
    in popular culture
  • Can lead to domination of folk culture
  • Loss of traditional values (clothing)
  • Change in traditional role of women-How?
  • Can also cause problems in less developed
    nations-increase in prostitution

25
Globalization of Popular Culture cont.
  • Threat of Foreign Media Imperialism
  • Threatens LDCs independence
  • Seen as a new type of economic cultural
    imperialism
  • Allow governments of LDC to censor shows and/or
    only program shows appropriate to traditional
    values

26
Environmental Impact of Popular Culture
  • Modifies nature
  • Uniform landscapes-seen to generate product
    recognition greater consumption

27
Negative Environmental Impacts
  • Increased demand for natural resources
  • Depletion of resources and/or extinction of
    species
  • Inefficient use of resources
  • Pollution
  • Popular culture produces a lot of waste
  • Folk culture can also negatively impact the
    environment by ignoring natural processes
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