The Role of Islam in the Gunpowder Empires - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The Role of Islam in the Gunpowder Empires

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Title: The Role of Islam in the Gunpowder Empires


1
The Role of Islam in the Gunpowder Empires
  • Compare and contrast the role of Islam in the
    three Muslim empires

2
Ottoman Empire
  • Ottoman ruling elites were Sunnis
  • Islamic law and customs applied to all Muslims in
    the empire
  • The government tolerated religious diversity so
    long as they remained loyal to the empire
  • Non-Muslims formed a significant minority within
    the empire. They were required to pay a head tax
    (because of their exemption from the military).

3
Ottoman Empire Cont.
  • Each religious group organized into
    administrative unit called a millet
  • Each group had own patriarch or grand rabbi who
    was intermediary with the government
  • Each millet established own system of justice,
    educational policies, and welfare

4
Safavids
  • Used Shiite faith as a unifying force
  • Shah acquired divine quality and claimed to be
    spiritual leader of all Islam
  • Shiism was the official state religion
  • Sufi mystical religious groups through out the
    area
  • Wore distinctive red caps that symbolized
    allegiance to the twelve imams of the Shii faith
    they were known as the red heads.

5
Mughals
  • They combined Muslim with Hindu and Persian
    concepts of religion and cultural values
  • Akbar (ruler of the Mughals), who was an Othodox
    Muslim had been exposed to other religions,
    therefore he accepted religious diversity among
    his people
  • Became steadily more hostile towards Muslims in
    later years
  • Sponsored a new form of worship called the Divine
    Faith which combined characteristics of several
    religions with a central belief in the
    infallibility of all decisions reached by the
    emperor

6
Compare and Contrast
  • All the empires were Muslim in their religious
    affiliation
  • The Safavids were Shiites rather than Sunnis
  • The Ottomans and the Mughals were more tolerant
    of other religions while the Safavids were more
    strict about their faith
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