XML webservices and B2B integration

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XML web-services and B2B integration

• Frank GoethalsPhD-student K.U.Leuven - SAP
  leerstoel
• 24/9/2002 at SAP Belgium (Brussel)
• Frank.goethals_at_econ.kuleuven.ac.be

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SAP leerstoel

• Extended Enterprise Infrastructures
• 5 years (till 2006)
• Research (adaptive Supply Chains) at
  F.E.T.E.W. K.U.Leuven
• SAP/LIRIS Research Symposium
• Prof. J. Vandenbulckehttp//www.econ.kuleuven.ac
  .be/leerstoel/SAP/FramesPage.htm

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Agenda

• Intro SCM
• EAI and B2Bi
• XML
• Web Services
• Conclusion

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SCM ? Q Why Flexible Integration?

• Decades of efforts to optimize processes
• ERP efficient usage of resources internally
• But organizations do not operate isolated from
  the outer world
• SCM realise efficient and effective processes

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SCM
COMPANY XYZ
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SCM Towards Competing Supply Chains

• Remark
• - Companies are member of diverse Supply Chains
• - Close partners vs Temporal contacts (Dignum)

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Agenda
Intro SCM EAI and B2Bi XML Web
Services Conclusion
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In the early days

HR
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EAI(1) Enterprise Application Integration
ERP SCM CRM BI

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EAI(2) many-to-many middleware

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Componentization

• Problem ERP systems are difficult to change and
  to extend
• Solution componentization
• breaking up large, monolithic ERP
  systems into individual modules or
  components that would work together.
• ? quickly fix and add functionality
• easier and safer customization of the
  system
• easier for customers to (selectively)
  upgrade the software
• Including more open interfaces and improved
  integration capabilities (best-of-breed
  approach).

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After EAI B2Bi

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B2Bi

• Through EDI (Electronic Data Interchange)

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B2Bi

• Through EDI (Electronic Data Interchange)
• Saves time and money (RJR Nabisco estimates that
  processing a paper purchase order costs the
  company 70. Processing an EDI purchase
  order reduces the cost to a mere 93 cents).
• Offers possibilities for new business practices,
  e.g. the usage of Vendor Stock Replenishment
  (VSR).
• Mann 113 remarks that there are certain B2B
  processes in which the human element can add
  errors and delays but cannot add very much
  value.

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B2Bi

• Through EDI (Electronic Data Interchange)
• BUT
• - Different EDI standards exist.
• EDI is complex, difficult to implement, and
  expensive.
• Is traditionally batch oriented (not real-time).
• Message is not understandable for humans.

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Agenda
Intro SCM EAI and B2Bi XML Web
Services Conclusion
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Web Services At the basis
XML

• 317
• 20
• 102
• 30

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Web Services At the basis XML

• XML-code in Notepad example SalesXML1.txt

Sales
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Web Services At the basis XML

• But in another company example SalesXML2.txt

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Web Services At the basis XML

• Still another company

Verkopen
Klant
Klant
Naam
PrGetalleke
Q
Naam
PrGetalleke
Q
Alberto
317
20
Fernando
102
30
attribute
Legend
element
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XSL
ndbad81 XSLT en CSS kunnen beide gebruikt
worden met XML Xslt verschilt van CSS in dat CSS
enkel aan de client-side kan gedraaid worden
(terwijl XSLT doorgaans aan de server-side
gedraaid wordt, doch ook aaan client side
mogelijk) en dat bij CSS de structuur van van het
output doc nauw die van het input doc volgt. Dit
is niet het geval bij XSL je kan bijvoorbeeld
ook totalen berekenen XSL omvat XSLT en
XSLFO(Formatting Objects) XSLT zorgt voor
transformatie van de boom, terwijl XMLFO zorgt
voor presentatie van de boom

• XSL (Extensible Stylesheet Language) for
• - reordering/restructuring information, and
• - calculating/generating new information.

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XSL example from XML to HTML

• Original XML-document
• XSL-document
• New HTML-page

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XSDL XML Schema Definition Language

• For defining the structure an XML document should
  have (to be valid), including data type
  declarations.
• type"xsdstring" minOccurs"0"/
• type"xsdstring"/

Example BankDetails.xsd - xCBL
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XSDL xCBL

• xCBL XML Common Business Library
• is a set of XML building blocks and a document
  framework that allows the creation of robust,
  reusable, XML documents to facilitate global
  trading.
• Serves as basis for UBL Universal Business
  Language
• ? saves developers and integrators time and
  effort,
• ? ensures recipients will be able to understand
  all documents received.

ndbad81 Beheren zichzelf, beschrijven zz,
modulair
XSDL-doc BaseShippingDetail.xsd
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Conclusion on XML

• XML give data a structure
• XSL convert one XML-document into another
• XSDL put restrictions on structure and data types

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Agenda
Intro SCM EAI and B2Bi XML Web
Services Conclusion
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Web Services

• Why explain this to you?
• The SAP Web Application Server provides the
  reliability, scalability, security, and high
  availability SAP customers require. In addition,
  it supports open technical standards such as
  UDDI, WSDL, and SOAP, and within mySAP
  Technology, open business standards such as
  RosettaNet, ebXML, and UBL.

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Web Services

• What? IBM
• Web services are self-contained,
  self-describing, modular applications that can be
  published, located, and invoked across the Web.

ndbad81 Beheren zichzelf, beschrijven zz,
modulair
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Web Services Who can deliver nails
within 24 hours?
ndbad81

• What is needed?

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Web Services Basic standards SOAP,
WSDL and UDDI
ndbad81

• UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery, and
  Integration)

WS Provider
WS Provider
WS Requestor
WS Requestor
WS Broker

WS Broker

UDDI business Registry
UDDI business Registry
http//uddi.sap.com/ http//uddi.microsoft.com/d
efault.aspx
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Web Services Basic standards SOAP,
WSDL and UDDI
ndbad81

• UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery, and
  Integration)

http//uddi.microsoft.com/default.aspx ? Tools
Search Search by services stockquote Left pane
gives results ? Choose 4. stockquote web
service Right pane now gives Details, Bindings
and Categories Pick Bindings and copy the found
URL in a web browser ? The technical information
can be found on this page
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Web Services Basic standards SOAP,
WSDL and UDDI

• SOAP over HTTP
• SOAP is a wire protocol similar to the IIOP for
  CORBA, ORPC for DCOM, or JRMP for Java RMI.
  However, SOAP is vendor-neutral technology that
  appeals to all vendors.
• ? Realises interoperability

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Web Services SOAP-request
ndbad81 In this example, a GetLastTradePrice
SOAP request is sent to a StockQuote service. The
request takes a string parameter, ticker symbol,
and returns a float in the SOAP response. The
SOAP Envelope element is the top element of the
XML document representing the SOAP message. XML
namespaces are used to disambiguate SOAP
identifiers from application specific
identifiers.

• SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)
• POST /yangy/webservice/stock/stockquote.asmx
  HTTP/1.1
• Host dcm.cl.uh.edu
• Content-Type text/xml charsetutf-8
• Content-Length length
• SOAPAction "http//tempuri.org/GetQuote"
• MLSchema-instance" xmlnsxsd"http//www.w3.org/2
  001/XMLSchema" xmlnssoap"http//schemas.xmlsoap
  .org/soap/envelope"
• string

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Web Services SOAP-response
ndbad81 In this example, a GetLastTradePrice
SOAP request is sent to a StockQuote service. The
request takes a string parameter, ticker symbol,
and returns a float in the SOAP response. The
SOAP Envelope element is the top element of the
XML document representing the SOAP message. XML
namespaces are used to disambiguate SOAP
identifiers from application specific
identifiers.

• SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)
• HTTP/1.1 200 OK
• Content-Type text/xml charsetutf-8
• Content-Length length
• MLSchema-instance" xmlnsxsd"http//www.w3.org/2
  001/XMLSchema" xmlnssoap"http//schemas.xmlsoap
  .org/soap/envelope/"
• 
  string

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Web Services WSDL
ndbad81 In this example, a GetLastTradePrice
SOAP request is sent to a StockQuote service. The
request takes a string parameter, ticker symbol,
and returns a float in the SOAP response. The
SOAP Envelope element is the top element of the
XML document representing the SOAP message. XML
namespaces are used to disambiguate SOAP
identifiers from application specific
identifiers.

• WSDL (Web Service Description Language)
• .
•  
• " /  
•  
• Response" /  
•  
• /  
• /  
•  

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• WSDL (Web Service Description Language)
• Soap" 
• .org/soap/http" style"document" /
•  
• rg/GetQuote" style"document" /  
•  
•  
•  
•  
•  
• binding"s0DailyStockSoap"  location"http//dcm.cl.uh.edu/yangy/webservi
  ce/stock/stockquote.asmx"/  

ndbad81 In this example, a GetLastTradePrice
SOAP request is sent to a StockQuote service. The
request takes a string parameter, ticker symbol,
and returns a float in the SOAP response. The
SOAP Envelope element is the top element of the
XML document representing the SOAP message. XML
namespaces are used to disambiguate SOAP
identifiers from application specific
identifiers.
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Web Services Stack
ndbad81 In this example, a GetLastTradePrice
SOAP request is sent to a StockQuote service. The
request takes a string parameter, ticker symbol,
and returns a float in the SOAP response. The
SOAP Envelope element is the top element of the
XML document representing the SOAP message. XML
namespaces are used to disambiguate SOAP
identifiers from application specific
identifiers.
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Web Services New Possibilities

• Build bigger services by combining small services
  (BPML, BPEL4WS, WSCI, WSCL)
• Example travelling

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Agenda
Intro SCM EAI and B2Bi XML Web
Services Conclusion
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Semantic web

• Integration is more than a physical connection,
  it also requires semantics
• What do you mean with number?
• or with clientcode?
• ? Semantic interoperability
• Need for ontologies
• ? Need for knowledge-representation

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Conclusion

• A semantic web of services

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Questions