DOE Wind Program Overview Bradley Nickell, PE Technology Manager Wind Systems Integration brad'nicke

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DOE Wind Program Overview Bradley Nickell,
PETechnology Manager - Wind Systems
Integrationbrad.nickell_at_ee.doe.gov
Wind and Hydropower Technologies Program
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Program Areas

• Large Wind Technology
• Increasing Efficiency
• Reducing Cost
• Distributed Wind Technology
• Maturation of turbine technology
• Systems Integration
• Integrating Wind Energy into the mainstream
  electricity market
• Technology Acceptance
• Outreach and Education on Wind Energys value
  proposition

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Program works closely with industry to provide
the market transformation support and RD needed
to drive wind development.
FY08 Budget Breakout based on Administration 40M
request
The Wind Program works in close partnership with
industry and the national laboratories to expand
the wind energy technology productivity and
foster innovation, culminating in some of
industrys leading products, internationally
recognized design tools and opening the market
to the acceptance of wind technologies.
Since the 1970s, DOE has spent just over 1B in
developing a market. In 2006 commercial
investments for new capacity totaled more than
4B.
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DOE-Supported technology development has a proven
track record.

• Breakthrough Products based on DOE Collaboration
  with Industry
• General Electric Wind 1.5 MW turbine 47 of
  2006 new U.S. capacity
• Clipper Windpower 2.5 MW Liberty turbine New
  advanced drive train
• Southwest Windpower 1.8 kW Skystream turbine
  Cost-effective residential turbine

Clippers Liberty turbine is not only one of the
most advanced wind turbines ever produced, it may
well be the most efficient wind turbine in the
world. Samuel Bodman - Secretary of Energy
August 2, 2006
1.8 kW Skystream
1.5 MW, 1.5s Series
2.5 MW Liberty
DOE technology activities have and continue to
play a critical role in today's turbine advances
and resource development in the electric market.
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Utility Scale Wind Issues/Barriers

• Siting
• Environmental
• Public acceptance
• Turbine Reliability
• Gearbox / Drivetrain
• Blades
• Undersized test facilities
• Transmission
• Infrastructure
• Wind Integration
• Fed/State/Local Policies
• PTC
• Emissions
• Regulatory Frameworks

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Utility scale wind market status and projected
growth Many possible paths in the future
Equipment Reliability
Sitting, Environment Wildlife
Market Acceptance
Technology Cost Performance
Grid Integration Interconnection
Energy Policies
Many factors in addition to turbine cost yield
greater market share
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WHPT has a clear vision of what is needed to
greatly expand the use of wind energy to meet the
nations energy needs

• Supplying 20 of the U.S. electricity with wind
  capacity, requiring slightly over 300 GW total
  installed capacity, IS POSSIBLE
• 20 Wind Generated Electricity in the U.S. is
  an Achievable Vision
• 20 Wind Would Stimulate Substantial Economic,
  Environmental, and National Security Benefits
• 20 Wind Requires a Robust Effort to Enhance US
  Energy Infrastructure, Manufacturing, and a
  Workforce for Tomorrow

• Benefits include
• over 1 trillion in economic investment and over
  400 billion in total cumulative economic impacts
• half a million jobs for wind machine
  manufacturing, installation and operations
• new property tax revenues of over 1.5 billion
• over 600 million in annual payments to rural
  landowners.
• natural gas demand reduced by approximately 7
  billion cubic feet/day, nearly half of the
  current consumption in the electric sector, and
  natural gas prices reduced by approximately 12,
  saving consumers approximately 128 billion over
  the 23 years.
• 825 million tons of CO2 emissions avoided in the
  electric sector in 2030, equivalent to 25 of
  expected electric sector emissions
• reduced water consumption in the electric sector
  by 8, or 4 trillion gallons, enough to supply
  Denver for 200 years.

Supplying 20 of the nations energy from wind
technologies is not only technically feasible,
but the national economic impact is more
beneficial than business as usual
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State Distribution
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Systems Integration Program
As a result of thirty years of RD, wind turbines
can now provide cost-effective, reliable clean
energy. While we will continue to do RD, there
is an increasing need for a Federal focus on
removing barriers to greatly expanding the use of
wind energy, by building on the current robust
market for wind energy in the United States
Removing Barriers to expand use of wind energy
Tech Application Goals ? By 2010, facilitate
the installation of at least 100 MW in at
least 30 states. ? By 2018, facilitate the
installation of at least 1,000 MW in at least
15 states. ? Provide information on wind
energy interconnection to decision
makers Program Elements ? Wind
Resource Analysis ? Modeling Methods
Development ? Operational and Interconnection
Studies ? Education Outreach
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Wind Energy Integration

• Challenges
• Transmission Interconnection Congestion
• Lack of Knowledge on Operational Impacts and
  Integration Costs of Wind Energy
• Shortage of power system professionals with
  knowledge of wind energy
• Policy Treatment of Wind Energy as an Electricity
  Resource
• DOE Action
• Assess Winds Potential to serve our Nations
  Electricity Needs
• Develop tools to assist the electric utility
  industry analyze wind energy
• Perform Operational and Interconnection Studies
  with industry stakeholders Nationwide
• Provide wind energy education create curriculum
  to train the next generation of power system
  professionals on wind energy
• Reach out to Federal, State, and Local
  stakeholders on the challenges and solutions to
  Wind Energy Integration
• Results
• Set the path for the wind industry to accelerate
  its proliferation
• Increase body of knowledge on wind energy
  integration
• Help grow the delivery of emission-free energy
  from roughly 1 percent to the AEIs vision of 20
  percent of our Nations electricity usage

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Wind Resource Assessment
Encompasses activities that serve to better
understand the Nations wind energy resource

• Meso-scale Modeling 100 meter, 2km, 10min, 3yr
  wind resource model for all of US to be
  completed in 2009.
• Forecasting Perform needs assessment, create a
  multi-year plan and quantify value
• Tall Tower Measurement Complete a needs
  assessment and create a prioritized multi-year
  plan.
• Data Storehouse Creation Ensure that current
  and future data is available to the public in a
  ready-to-use form. Create an industry standard
  format incorporate visualization tools

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Modeling Methods Development
These activities are centered on developing tools
and processes necessary for the electric industry
to accurately determine the costs, benefits and
operational effects of wind energy on the
electric power system.

• Dynamic Turbine Models
• Create models of commonly used turbines for
  electric utility modeling software
• System Operations Simulators
• Provide the capability for electric utility
  operators to simulate operations with large
  amounts of wind energy on their systems
• Wind Energy Integrated Resource Planning Tools
• Build the tools utility system planners need to
  better integrate wind energy into their
  generation resource mix
• Forecasting Methods Tools
• Provide control room level tools for system
  operators to anticipate the near term wind
  resource

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Operational Interconnection Studies
This includes any activity that leads or provides
support of actual operational or interconnection
studies that serve the purpose of providing
decision support to electric power industry
stakeholders.
Comparison of Cost-Based U.S. Operational Impact
Studies

• Interconnect Wide Studies
• Western Eastern grid wide, high penetration
  wind integration studies with broad stakeholder
  participation. The first of these will be
  completed in 2008.
• Market Value Analysis
• Determine Winds current and future value in
  electric energy markets including its value as a
  hedge against future fuel price increases, carbon
  tax, etc.
• Conditional Firm Transmission Tariff
• Work with electric utilities on the effect FERC
  order 890 will have on the ability to integrate
  increasing amounts of wind energy into the
  transmission system.
• Operational Integration Studies
• Leading the effort to get control room level
  integration studies into the hands of
  stakeholders
• Small System Integration
• Investigate how wind integrates differently into
  islanded and small power systems.

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Outreach Education
Outreach activities include the creation and
dissemination of information for use by the
electric power industry as well as the general
public. Educational activities are centered on
creating programs to train future engineers,
operators and others that will operate and
maintain electric energy systems with ever
increasing levels of wind energy.

• Engineering Program Development Fund the creation
  of courses/programs for wind energy at the
  university level.
• Trade School Program Development
• Fund the creation of courses/programs for wind
  energy at the university level.
• Policy Outreach
• Create targeted informational materials for
  National, State, and Local policy and trade
  organizations to publish for their membership.

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State/Regional Wind Integration and Planning
Studies

• Western Governors Association - Clean and
  Diversified Energy Advisory Committee (CDEAC)
• http//www.westgov.org/wga/initiatives/cdeac/index
  .htm
• Northwest Wind Integration Action Plan
• www.nwcouncil.org/energy/Wind/library/2007-1.htm
• California Energy Commission Intermittency
  Analysis Project
• www.energy.ca.gov/2007publications/CEC-500-2007-01
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• New DOE/NREL Industry Utility Efforts
• Western Wind Integration Study
• MISO-PJM-SPP Wind Integration Study

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Related Websites

• Utility Wind Integration Group
• www.uwig.org
• American Wind Energy Association
• www.awea.org
• Department of Energy Wind Program
• http//www.energy.gov/energysources/wind.htm
• www.windandhydro.energy.gov
• National Renewable Energy Laboratory
• www.nrel.gov