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Hybridising ProblemBased Learning LTSN Biosciences PDP Enhancing Bioscience Student Learning using P

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seeks to create a broader and more integrated understanding of what and why ' ... 3 a combination of Studynet (UH's managed learning environment) and CCASEnotes ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Hybridising ProblemBased Learning LTSN Biosciences PDP Enhancing Bioscience Student Learning using P


1
Hybridising Problem-Based LearningLTSN
Biosciences PDPEnhancing Bioscience Student
Learning using Problem Based MethodsLiverpool
Hope University College2nd May 2002
  • Jennifer R. Blumhof Senior Subject Adviser for
    Environmental Sciences LTSN-GEES
  • Emailj.r.blumhof_at_herts.ac.uk

2
Structure of the Workshop
  • Introduction
  • Exercise do you use pbl?
  • What is pbl?
  • Skills and pbl
  • pure and hybrid pbl
  • Case studies and interdisciplinarity
  • The Broadland Case Study
  • Reflections
  • Constructive alignment in action?
  • Exercise pbl in your teaching?
  • Plenary

3
Problem-Based Learning in Your Teaching
  • 1.(a) Do you already use pbl in your
    courses/modules?
  • (b) If so, how?

4
What is problem-based learning?
  • The principal idea behind Problem-Based Learning
    (pbl)..is that the starting point for learning
    should be a problem, a query or a puzzle that the
    learner wishes to solve.
  • (Boud,David.1985.Cited in Boud,David and
    Feletti,Grahame(eds)1991.The Challenge of
    Problem-Based Learning.London.Kogan Page Ltd.p13

5
What is problem-based learning?
  • PBL IS A PHILOSOPHY - a student centred
    philosophy
  • PBL IS A PROCESS- in pure or hybridised form

6
pbl has two educational objectivesthe
acquisition of an integrated body of knowledge
related to the problemand the development or
application of problem-working skills.pbl is
ideally suited for student-centred
learningStudents are expected to engage
positively in the learning process bydirecting
their own learningbeing active,reflective and
critical learnersthinking deeply and
holisticallyextending learning beyond the
presented situation/problem into new ones
(ability to transfer skills).Barrows,Howard and
Tamblyn,Robyn,M. 1980.Problem-Based Learning. An
Approach to Medical Education.New YorkSpringer
Publishing Company.)
7
Some of the benefits of problem-based learning
  • student centred (understanding the needs of the
    student learner)
  • integrative (skills and content)
  • problem-based (eg real world real time problems)
  • self-directed (eg pursue own learning enquiry and
    often manage complex timetabling)
  • collaborative(often for staff and students)
  • reflective

8
Some skills developed through pbl
  • INTELLECTUAL Generic-critical reasoning
    ,creative thinking,problem-working
  • INTELLECTUAL Subject knowledge and
    understanding-eg interdisciplinarity
  • PRACTICAL/APPLIED Generic- formulating
    hypotheses,designing investigative
    strategies,information gathering,information
    handling,evaluating information
  • COMMUNICATION -presenting (oral/written/graphic)
  • INTERPRESONAL-teamwork
  • SELF-MANAGEMENT - time-management

9
The Graduate Skills Menu
ACADEMIC CONTENT
SELF MANAGEMENT
PRACTICAL/ APPLIED
COMMUNICATION
INTELLECTUAL
INTERPERSONAL
10
The pure form of pbl with acknowledgements to
Professor Sam Leinster UEA
Problem
Small group discussion
Learning objectives
Checking the results
Self study
11
Constraints on the pure form of pbl
  • concern about the loss of academic content
  • time constraints on students (doing the wrong
    thing)
  • time constraints on staff (eg development of case
    study material)
  • high staff-student ratios limiting tutorials
  • mixed-ability classes

12
Hybrid pbl developed in the Hertfordshire
Integrated Learning Project
  • problems drive the enquiry process
  • problem focused on a transdisciplinary case study
  • Graduate Skills to be developed are
    identified,made explicit and skills workshops
    provided
  • assignment designed to integrate Graduate Skills
    development with academic content
  • framework lectures are given at the start
  • tutors facilitate group workshops by rotating
    around the groups
  • surgeries offered
  • student reflection on skills development enhanced
    by completing Graduate Skills Self Evaluation
    Sheet
  • paper-based, computer-based and audiovisual
    resources developed and provided for student use

13
Case Studies
  • a case study -a systematic investigation of a
    specific instance (instance may be an event,
    person, group, institution, innovation etc)
  • can focus on problems-can be issue-based or
    process-based (eg focussed on research methods).
  • students presented with a situation consisting
    of a description of events that reflect
    real-world problems
  • case studies- vehicles for revealing
    interdisciplinarity

14
Interdisciplinarity
  • seeks to create a broader and more integrated
    understanding of what and why
  • environmental studies are essentially concerned
    with examining environmental issues from a
    variety of perspectives,continually striving for
    a more structured,integrated and holistic
    understanding, that is an interdisciplinary
    understanding (Blumhof,J. and Honeybone,A. 1993
    Getting Going in Action Research)
  • but we are forced to slosh about in that
    primordial ooze known as interdisciplinary
    studies2.(Passmore,J.1974 Mans responsibility
    for Nature.Duckworth)

15
The Broadland Case Study
  • Posing the problem how can the Upper Waveney
    Valley be sustainably developed for tourism and
    recreation?
  • Used with 2nd year students on Environmental
    Sciences Degree over the past 4 years (c300
    students)
  • Version 1 -assignment group poster presentation
    ( 1997/1998,1998/1999)
  • Version 2 CCASEnotes- assignment group video
    (1999/2000)
  • Version 2 CCASEnotes modified- assignment group
    power point presentation (2000/2001)
  • Version 3 a combination of Studynet (UHs
    managed learning environment) and CCASEnotes used
    with 96 Ist year students - assignment group
    power point presentation (2001/2)

16
The Broadland Case Study - Version 1
  • Investigation of a central problem (in groups)
    supported by
  • class contact
  • framework lectures
  • fieldwork
  • workshops (subject based and skills based)
  • resources
  • paper based
  • computer based
  • leading to problem based assignment
    (poster/video) followed by
  • assessment (peer and tutor)
  • student self evaluation of skills development
  • staff/student evaluation of case study

17
The Broadland Case Study - Version 2
incorporating CCASEnotesCollaborative
Computer-Articulated Study Environment
  • Structure similar to Version 1 but with
  • all resources on-line
  • on-line communication
  • tutor student
  • student student (small group and whole
    class)
  • assessment
  • evaluation
  • retain some face-to face contact(framework
    lectures, field visit, workshops, assessment
    feedback
  • Learning Environment Virtual Learning
    Environment (VLE)
  • near distance learning

18
The Broadland Case Study - Version 2
incorporating CCASEnotes(cont.)
Guidance and discussion area
  • Tutor side
  • as for students
  • project issues
  • all group discussions
  • total assessment
  • chat staff
  • Student side
  • using this site
  • notice board
  • own group discussion
  • class discussion
  • peer assessment
  • skills self assessment
  • FAQs
  • evaluation
  • chat student
  • Resources area
  • Case study resources (material about Broadland
    related ideas)
  • Skills resources

19
Lotus Notes CCASEnotes
20
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21
Reflections
  • Generally favourable student response
  • in CCASEnotes high levels of usage of guidance
    and discussion area
  • - good quality student assignments
  • Previous difficulties at least reduced but some
    concerns
  • balance between computer-mediated and face to
    face group work
  • including issue of extension or restriction of
    choice
  • allowance for variations in students learning
    methods
  • some indication that ease of computer access to
    initial resources resulted in some students not
    seeking out additional sources
  • in CCASEnotes on-line surgery facility for
    student/staff consultations not well used
  • in Studynet/ CCASEnotes version (2001and 2002) in
    class surgery facility used and emailto be
    continued

22
The Broadland Case Study Constructive
Alignment in action?
  • ... constructive alignment, a marriage between
    a constructivist understanding of the nature of
    learning , and an aligned design for teaching
    (Biggs 1996a) p26
  • constructive defined as Learning is the result
    of the constructive activity of the
    student..(ie) meaning created by the students
    learning activities, their approach to
    learning..pp12-13
  • aligned teaching defined as a balanced
    system in which all the components ( curriculum,
    teaching methods, assessment procedures, local
    and institutional climate, rules and procedures)
    support each other, as they do in an ecosystem.
    p25
  • Source Biggs, J. 1999 Teaching for Quality
    Learning at University. Buckingham, SRHE and
    OUPand our italics above

23
Problem-Based Learning in Your Teaching
  • 1 (c) How might you develop the use of pbl
    further?
  • 2. (a) If you dont use pbl at present, do
    you think it would be appropriate for your
    courses/modules?
  • (b) If yes, how might you use it?
  • (c) If no, why do you think it is not
    appropriate?

24
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