Pollution is the release of harmful environmenta

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The Enviroment
Pollution
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What is Pollution ?

• Pollution is the undesirable state of the natural
  environment being contaminated with harmful
  substances as a consequence of human activities.
• Pollution is the release of harmful environmental
  contaminants, or the substances so released.
  Generally the process needs to result from human
  activity to be regarded as pollution. Even
  relatively benign products of human activity are
  liable to be regarded as pollution, if they
  precipitate negative effects later on. The
  nitrogen oxides produced by industry are often
  referred to as pollution, for example, although
  the substances themselves are not harmful.

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What is Deforestation ?

• The removal of forest stands by cutting and
  burning to provide land for agricultural
  purposes, residential or industrial building
  sites, roads, etc., or by harvesting the trees
  for building materials or fuel.Destruction of
  forest land.
• This is one of the main causes of Air and land
  Pollution.

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Pollution Bar Chart
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Air Pollution

• When people think about air pollution , they
  think about smog, acid rain, CFCs and other
  forms of outdoor air pollution. But did you know
  that air pollution also can exist inside homes
  and other buildings? It can, and every year, the
  heath of many people is affected by chemical
  present in the air within buildings.
• Air is the air we breath. Air supplies us with
  oxygen which is essential for our bodies to live.
  Air is 99.9 nitration, oxygen, water sulphur
  and inert gasses. Human activities can release
  substances into the air, some of which can cause
  problems for humans, plants, and animals.
• Smoking is also a main type of air pollution
  because the chemicals coming from the cigarette
  can cause animals and humans to die. Also
  airplanes make as much pollution on one trip as a
  car does in a year and so do rockets

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Oil Pollution

• Black tar like oil is sometimes washed onto
  beaches not only causing a nuisance to
  holidaymakers but also killing many sea birds.
  The oil mainly comes from tankers which wash out
  their holds while out at sea to save time in
  port. Enforcement of laws concerning the dumping
  of oil is difficult and responsibility rests with
  the captain of each tanker to obey the law. Once
  oil is in the sea and the tanker has sailed on,
  it is difficult to prove that offence has been
  committed

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Oil Pollution Bar Chart
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Water Pollution

• Water pollution occurs when a body of water is
  adversely affected due to the addition of large
  amount of materials to the water. The sources of
  water pollution are categorized as being a point
  source or a non-source point of pollution. Point
  sources of pollution occur when the polluting
  substance is emitted directly into a waterway. A
  pipe spewing toxic chemicals directly into a
  river is an example. A non-point source occurs
  when there is run off of pollutants into a
  water-way, for instance when fertilizer from a
  field is carried into a stream by surface run
  off. Water pollution can kill fish

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Types Of Water Pollution

• Toxic substance
• A toxic substance is a chemical pollutant that is
  not a
• Naturally occurring substance in aquatic
  ecosystems. The greatest
• contributors to toxic pollution are herbicides,
  pesticides and industrial compounds.
• Microbiological
• Disease-causing (pathogenic) microorganisms, like
  bacteria, viruses and protozoa can cause swimmers
  to get sick. Fish and shellfish can become
  contaminated and people who eat them can become
  ill. Some serious diseases like polio and cholera
  are waterborne.
• Chemical
• A whole variety of chemicals from industry, such
  as metals and solvents, and even chemicals which
  are formed from the breakdown of natural wastes
  (ammonia, for instance) are poisonous to fish and
  other aquatic life. Pesticides used in
  agriculture and around the home-- insecticides
  for controlling insects and herbicides for
  controlling weeds-- are another type of toxic
  chemical.
• Oxygen-depleting Substances
• Many wastes are biodegradable, that is, they can
  be broken down and used as food by microorganisms
  like bacteria. We tend to think of biodegradable
  wastes as being preferable to non-biodegradable
  ones, because they will be broken down and not
  remain in the environment for very long times.
  Too much biodegradable material, though, can
  cause the serious problem of oxygen depletion in
  receiving waters.Like fish, aerobic bacteria
  that live in water use oxygen gas which is
  dissolved in the water when they consume their
  "food".

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Types Of Water Pollution

• Nutrients
• The elements phosphorus and nitrogen are
  necessary for plant growth, and are plentiful in
  untreated wastewater. Added to lakes and streams,
  they cause nuisance growth of aquatic weeds, as
  well as "blooms" of algae, which are microscopic
  plants. This can cause several problems. Weeds
  can make a lake unsuitable for swimming and
  boating. Algae and weeds die and become
  biodegrable material, which can cause the
  problems mentioned above (and below). If the
  water is used as a drinking water source, algae
  can clog filters and impart unpleasant tastes and
  odors to the finished water.
• Suspended matter
• Some pollutants are dissolved in wastewater,
  meaning that the individual molecules or ions
  (electrically charged atoms or molecules) of the
  substance are mixed directly in between the
  molecules of water. Other pollutants, referred to
  as particulate matter, consist of much larger--
  but still very small-- particles which are just
  suspended in the water. Although they may be kept
  in suspension by turbulence, once in the
  receiving water, they will eventually settle out
  and form silt or mud at the bottom. These
  sediments can decrease the depth of the body of
  water. If there is a lot of biodegradable organic
  material in the sediment, it will become
  anaerobic and contribute to problems mentioned
  above.

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Sound pollution

• Noise pollution is unwanted human created
  pollution that disrupts the environment. The
  dominated form of noise pollution is from
  transportation sources, principally motor
  vehicles, aircraft noise and rail transport
  noise. Other diverse sources are factories,
  amplified music, air conditioners and
  construction work. Noise regulation by
  governmental agencies effectively began in the
  U.S. in the year 1972. Noise pollution refers to
  any offending noise which comes from an external
  source, and it is equivalently referred as an
  environmental noise. The word noise comes the
  Latin word nausea meaning seasickness. Rockets
  taking off is a good example of sound pollution
  because when it takes off the noise is tremendous

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Sound pollution table
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Sound pollution sounds
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Land pollution

• Land pollution is the degradation of the earths
  land surface through misuse of the soil by poor
  agricultural practises, mineral exploitation,
  industrial waste dumping, and indiscriminate
  disposal of urban wastes. It includes visible
  waste and litter as well as pollution of the soil
  itself

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Solutions to pollution

• Use less energy.
• Dont use fossil fuels, instead use a renewable
  source of energy such as wind, water, solar,
  Geothermal or Bio thermal power.
• Dont put petrol or Diesel in your cars because
  it releases loads of pollution into the air,
  instead use one of the above sources of renewable
  energy.
• Use nuclear power if you dont want a renewable
  source of energy because it releases less
  greenhouse gasses/pollution.

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The End

• We hope you have learnt something
• new about Air, Oil, land, water and sound
  pollution.
• Also we hope you have enjoyed our Environment
  project and we hope you do something to save the
  Earth!