Renaissance

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Renaissance

• Re-birth
• 1300-1600

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Birth or Re-birth?

• Intention was a re-birth of Classical Greece and
  Rome
• Culture
• Education
• Beautification
• Result was a time of great intellect, art, and
  new views of human-kind

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From Dark to Light

• Feudalism still exists in France and England
• The Hundred Years War is being fought
• Most of the European world is still in the Middle
  Ages
• But in one small region, there is Brilliance!!

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Italy is home to the Renaissance
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Italian Cities

• Cities N. of Rome and S. of Alps were dominant in
  trade and had very large populations
• Florence, Genoa, Venice
• Other, smaller towns still played a big role

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Psychology

• Hierarchy of Feudalism did not exist in
  Renaissance Italy
• Merchants gained power by being successful
• They were the wealthiest and most powerful
  supporting their city-states
• They valued the individual, based on achievement,
  not birth-right

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Competition

• During Early Renaissance, Merchants competed to
  sponsor artists
• During High Renaissance, POPES spent tons of to
  glorify and bring power and prestige back to Rome
• Artists competed for fame
• During the Middle Ages, all success was for the
  glory of God, not for individual attention
• Renaissance brought about desire for personal
  fame portraits and autobiographies

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Influence Arises from Disdain

• Renaissance artists and scholars hated the time
  period of the Middle Ages calling it The Dark
  Ages.
• Gothic cathedrals were considered works of
  barbarians!
• Result HUMANISM! And luxurious living.

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Early Middle Ages

• The Medici Family ruled Florence
• Prior to invasions from foreign countries
• Beautification of Florence!!

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Giotto di Bondone

• Influenced the later artists greatly by inventing
  the fresco and the ability to paint life-like
  human figures that seemed to interact with each
  other.

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Giottos life-like Frescos

• Marriage of the Virgin

• The Birth of the Virgin

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Dante

• Poems showed religious ideas of Middle Ages and
  worldly concerns of Renaissance
• Pointed our political issues of the renaissance
• Wrote in Vernacular every day words
• Creator of modern Italian

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The Divine Comedy

• 3 parts
• The Inferno (Hell)
• Purgatorio (Purgatory)
• Paradiso (Paradise)
• All to find his great love, Beatrice

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The Inferno
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Purgatorio
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Pardiso
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Ghiberti

• Gates of
• Paradise
• Baptistry in
• Florence, Italy

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Donatello

• Influenced by Ghiberti,
• Renewed the Ancient
• Greek sculpting style of
• free-standing figures
  

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Masaccio

• Introduced technique of perspective into art.
• Perspective gives objects the appearance of
  distance.

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Ideal Individuals of the Renaissance

• The Renaissance Man
• Ideally strove to master all arts
• Charming, polite, witty
• Educated in Greek Latin
• Dance, write poetry, sing, play music
• Physically graceful swordsman, rider, etc
• Women
• As well as educated men, but not seek fame

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High Renaissance

• During the High Renaissance, the Medici family
  lost power to invading foreign nations
• The Popes wanted to beautify Rome and became
  patrons of the arts.
• The most notable pope to do this was Julius II.
• It was Julius II who commissioned the following
  artists
• Leonardo
• Michelangelo
• Raphael

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Leonardo Da Vinci1452-1519

• The Renaissance Man
• Scientist
• Anatomist
• Sculpture
• Painter
• Architect
• Writer

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Mona Lisa
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The Last Supper
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Human Anatomy

• Vitruvian Man Arms
• Nickname Canon of Proportions

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Embryo in Uterus
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Image of Himself
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Fight Between a Dragon and Lion
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Man Riding Horse
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Camera
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Scuba
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Military Inventions
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Giant Catapult
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Parachute
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Propeller
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Flying Machine
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Engine
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Michelangelo

• Brilliant Painter, Sculptor, Architect
• 1475-1564

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Pieta1499
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The Creation of AdamSistine Chapel
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The David

• 1501
• Florence

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St. Peters Dome1506
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Raphael1483-1520

• 1506, Ufizzi, Florence
• Is best known for his Madonnas
• School of Athens shows the desire to mimic the
  Ancients

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Alba Madonna

• 1508
• National Gallery of Art, Washington

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Madonna of Foligno

• 1510
• Vatican Museum

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The Holy Family

• 1518
• Musee du Louvre, Paris

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The Madonna of Goldfinch

• 1507
• Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

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School of Athens
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The Age of Exploration

• The Explorers were inspired by the spirit of the
  Renaissance confidence, ambition, curiosity,
  egotism (desire for glory)
• and WEALTH!

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Cool Yo!!

• This exploration was as exciting and new as our
  space exploration

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Encouraging Factors

• Trade
• Spices
• Monopoly (complete control)
• Christianity
• Spread it FAR and WIDE
• Technology
• Caravel (new ship could travel distances due to
  new sail design)
• Compass
• Astrolabe (mark the stars)

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Key Players

• Prince Henry the Navigator Portuguese patron of
  the explorers
• DiasExplorer sailed to tip of Africa
• Vasco da Gama Explorer reached India by sailing
  around Cape of Good Hope
• Columbus Explorer reached Americas by crossing
  Atlantic
• Magellan Explorer rounded the globe

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Results of Exploration

• Improved Science and Technology
• Great Wealth for the European nations
• Began European Imperialism for the next 500 years!