The first large empires develop in Africa and Asia betwee

1
Chapter 4 First Age of Empires, 1570 B.C.200
B.C.
The first large empires develop in Africa and
Asia between 1570 B.C. and 200 B.C.
King Ramses II (13th-century B.C.) holding
prisoners.
NEXT
2
Section 1 The Egyptian and Nubian Empires
Nomadic Invaders Rule Egypt
Invaders About 1640 B.C., Asian warriors, the
Hyksos, use chariots to conquer ________________
Hebrews Migrate to Egypt Hebrews move to Egypt
from Canaan around 1650 B.C. Egyptians resent
the presence of Hebrews and Hyksos in Egypt
Expulsion and Slavery Egyptians drive out the
hated Hyksos Hebrews lose protection of Hyksos
they are are ___________
3
The New Kingdom of Egypt
Technological Changes About 1570 to 1075 B.C.
pharaohs create New Kingdom, a powerful
empire Army uses ________________ weapons and
chariots to conquer other lands
Hatshepsuts Prosperous Rule Hatshepsutpharaoh
whose reign most noted for her trade
expeditions, not war
Thutmose the Empire Builder Thutmose III,
Hatshepsuts stepson, expands Egypts
empire Invades Palestine, Syria, and Nubia
region around the upper _______________________
Egypt most powerful and wealthy during reign of
New Kingdom pharaohs
4
Queen Hatshepsut (1490-1436 B.C.), New Kingdom,
Egypt. Granite (2nd-century B.C.).
Detail of Amenhotep III driving a chariot. Stele.
5
The New Kingdom of Egypt
The Egyptians and the Hittites Around 1285 B.C.
Egyptians battle the Hittites in
Palestine Egypts pharaoh, ____________________,
and the Hittite king sign a peace treaty
An Age of Builders New Kingdom pharaohs built
great palaces, magnificent temples Valley of
the Kings near Thebes is home to royal
tombs Ramses II builds impressive temples with
enormous statues of ________________
6
Great Temple of Ramses II, Abu Simbel, Egypt.
Engraving (1841), Hector Horeau.
7
The Empire Declines
Invasion by Land and Sea Sea Peoples
(possibly Philistines) cause great destruction
in Egypt ________________ raids on villages
and _______________ rebellions weaken the empire
Egypts Empire Fades Weakened empire breaks
into smaller kingdoms From around 950 to 730
B.C. __________________ pharaohs rule Egypt,
erect cities
8
The Kushites Conquer the Nile Region
Egypt and Kush From 2000 to 1000 B.C., Egypt
dominates kingdom of Kush in Nubia
The People of Nubia Live south of Egypt near
division of Blue Nile and White Nile Nile River
is a great ______________________ for goods and
ideas Nubians link Egypt and Mediterranean to
_________________ interior through trade
9
(No Transcript)
10
The Kushites Conquer the Nile Region
The Interaction of Egypt and Nubia Egyptian
culture influences Nubia and beyond to southern
Africa About 1200 B.C., Nubia gains
independence but keeps ________________________
culture
Piankhi Captures the Egyptian Throne In 751
B.C., Kushite king Piankhi conquers Egypt, and
ousts ___________________ ____________________
___ overcome Kushites and take Egypt
NEXT
11
Relief of a Nubian. Tomb of Ramses II
(c.1193-1162 B.C.), Thebes, Egypt.
12
The Golden Age of Meroë
Meroë Kushites settle Meroë join in trade with
Africa, Arabia, India
The Wealth of Kush Meroë becomes important
center for ______________ weapons and
tools _____________ products transported to Red
Sea, exchanged for _____________________________
The Decline of Meroë Meroë thrives from about
250 B.C. to A.D. 150, then declines ____________
__, 400 miles southeast, dominates North
African trade Has port on Red Sea, defeats
Meroë in A.D. 350
13
Section 2 The Assyrian Empire
A Mighty Military Machine
Assyria Assyria uses _________________ might to
acquire empire across Southwest Asia
The Rise of a Warrior People After invasions in
Mesopotamia, Assyrians develop warlike
behavior Assyrian king _____________________
brutally destroys enemies
Military Organization and Conquest Glorified
armies wear metal armor, copper helmets, leather
protection Use iron weapons,
______________________ skill, and brute force
to conquer cities _____________,
________________, or __________________ captive
peoples to distant lands
14
(No Transcript)
15
The Empire Expands
Kings of Assyria Defeat Syria, Palestine,
Babylonia between 850 and 650 B.C.
Assyrian Rule Creates a central authority over
______________ governors of dependent
regions Collects ___________ and
________________ from conquered lands
Assyrian Culture Rulers build great cities,
including capital at _______________ Carved
sculptures of military campaigns and the lion
hunt King Ashurbanipal builds library of
______________ tablets Epic of Gilgamesh
16
King Ashurbanipal killing a lion (about 645
B.C.). Palace of Ashurbanipal, Nineveh.
Cuneiform tablet with Code of Hammurabi (copy
original about 1750 B.C.).
17
Rebirth of Babylon Under the Chaldeans
Early Warnings Empire _______________________,
__________________ earns many enemies,
Ashurbanipal dies
Decline and Fall Army of Medes and Chaldeans
destroys Nineveh (612 B.C.) library survives
Rebirth of Babylon Under the Chaldeans Chaldeans
make Babylon capital of own empire King
Nebuchadnezzar builds legendary
________________________________________________
_ Builds tall ziggurats astronomers make
discoveries about ____________________________
Chaldean Empire falls to Persians they adopt
Assyrian inventions
18
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
19
Section 3 The Persian Empire
The Rise of Persia
The Persian Homeland Persia (ancient
_____________) has fertile land and
minerals Medes and Persians rose to power there
Cyrus the Great Founds an Empire Starting in
550 B.C., Persian king Cyrus conquers neighboring
lands Governs with _____________________
toward conquered peoples Honors local customs,
including religious ones Allows ______________
to return to Israel to rebuild temple of
Jerusalem
20
Construction of temple of Jerusalem under
Solomon.Manuscript (15th century), Jean Fouquet.
21
Persian Rule
Cambyses and Darius Cyruss son, Cambyses,
conquers Egypt but rules _______________________
Darius seizes control, establishes
__________________ expands empire to India
Provinces and Satraps Darius divides empire
into 20 areas of local administration Appoints
satraps ____________________to rule each
area Builds _________________________ to make
communication within empire easier Issues
_______________ that can be used throughout the
empire
22
(No Transcript)
23
(No Transcript)
24
Persian gold stater (coin) used in Egypt after
Persian conquest (5th century B.C.).
25
The Persian Legacy
Zoroaster Persian thinker called Zoroaster
develops new _______________
Zoroasters Teachings Life is a battleground
between ____________ and ____________ ________
god will judge us by how well we fight for
good Zoroastrianism influenced Judaism,
Christianity, and Islam
Political Order Through ___________________ and
good government, Persians bring political
order Preserve earlier cultures, find new ways
to live and rule
26
Zoroaster, Persian prophet (about 628-551 B.C.),
educating his people.