Community and Genetic Analyses of Macroparasites from Pacific sardine Sardinops sagax caught in the

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Community and Genetic Analyses of Macroparasites
from Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) caught in
the California Current System

• Rebecca E. Baldwin1, Kym C. Jacobson2, Mattias L.
  Johansson3, Michael A. Banks1,3

1CIMRS, 2National Marine Fisheries Service,
3COMES, Hatfield Marine Science
Center, Newport, Oregon, 97365 Trinational
Sardine Forum Astoria, Oregon 4-5 December 2008
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Steinbeck (1945)
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Are the Pacific sardines caught off the Pacific
Northwest and Canada a separate stock or a
northern extension of the California stock?
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Using parasites to examine fish migration
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Examples of Intermediate Hosts of Marine Parasites
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Parasite prevalences differ by location
Most Common Parasites
2006 Pseudopentagramma 134 trematodes
found 131 were off of Vancouver 3 were off
Willapa Bay
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Distribution patterns of Anisakis species larvae
identified genetically in European Hake
(Merluccius merluccius)
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Genetic Analysis of Anisakis spp.
Genetic sequences previously examined in other
studies found throughout study area
Sequencing the mitochondrial DNA COX2 gene
(Nadler Hudspeth, 2000) to examine the
population structure of this parasite
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Preliminary Results Anisakis spp. DNA
amplified from 66 individuals 55 unique
haplotypes found - In the few cases of shared
haplotypes they were generally found in
the same or adjacent locations Overall
nucleotide diversity was 0.0473
Shared Haplotypes identical sequences
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Neighbor-Joining Tree (Paup)
Anisakis simplex (Valentini et al. 2006) outgroup
sequence
Shared Haplotypes identical sequences
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Anisakis spp. Recovery
Vancouver Island (n 2)
Willapa Bay (n 22)
Columbia River (n 29)
Newport (n 3)
northern California (n 12)
southern California (n 3)
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Identified four macroparasite communities
Parasite Genetics Preliminary results suggest
high diversity in mt COX2 gene in Anisakis spp.
shared haplotypes from southern Washington to
northern California
Conclusions
Parasite Community Pacific sardines are not
infected with the same parasite species
throughout the California Current System
We expect Myosaccium ecaude to be a better
candidate for genetic analysis Only infects
clupeid fish species
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Future Directions
Develop genetic marker for Myosaccium ecaude
conduct population genetic analysis Continue to
process fish caught in 2006 2007 from research
cruises and fisheries samples
Examine the macroparasite communities of Northern
Anchovy (Engraulis mordax)
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Acknowledgements

• NOAA Fisheries/Northwest Fisheries Science Center
  at Point Adams and Newport, OR Paul Bentley,
  Robert Emmett, Joe Fisher Laurie Weitkamp
• Oregon State University. CIMRS Cheryl Morgan,
  Carrie Johnson, Paul Peterson, Marisa Litz,
  Andrew Claiborne, Mary Beth Rew Andrew Claxton
  COMES Renee Bellinger, Marc Johnson, Veronique
  Theriault Dave Jacobson
• Southwest Fisheries Science Center in La Jolla
  Santa Cruz, CA Bev Macewicz, Dave Griffith,
  Dimitry Abramenkoff, Ron Dotson David Field,
  Barbara Javor, David Field, Jeff Harding, Brian
  Wells, Bruce MacFarlane, Arnold Ammann, Sean
  Hayes, Jen Kassakian, Andy Jones, Cyril Michel,
  Daniel Schperberg, Jeff Perez, Alison Collins
• University of California, San Diego/Scripps
  Institution of Oceanography Motomitsu Takahashi
  Rafael Gonzalez-Quiiros
• Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological
  Station, Nanaimo, BC Sandy McFarlane, Ryan
  Lauzon, John Morris, Marc Trudel, Paul Winchell
  Tyler Zubkowski.
• Nikki Atkins James Losee
• Oregon Department of Fish Wildlife Brett
  Wiedoff and Jill Smith
• Washington Department of Fish Wildlife Carol
  Henry
• Mike Okoniewski from Pacific Seafood, Rod Moore
  from West Coast Seafood Processors Association,
  Jerry Thon, Stan Schones, John Gingerich, Diane
  Pleshner-Steele, and all the fishermen who
  donated fish to this project.
• Funding was provided by the Bonneville Power
  Administration, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, the
  Mamie Markham Research Award (2006 2008) the
  Walter G. Jones Fisheries Development Award (2008)

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Questions?