Chinas Forest Law Enforcement and Governance FLEG and International Trade of Forest Products

1

• ?????????????????
• Chinas Forest Law Enforcement and Governance
  (FLEG) and International Trade of Forest Products
• ????????????? (FEDRC)
• ??? Wu Baihai

2
???? Contents

• ???????????
• Protection and Development of Chinas Forest
  Resources
• ????????????
• Current Situation of China Forest Legal System
• ????????
• Enforcement of China Forest Law
• ??????????????????????????
• The Situation of International Trade of Forest
  Products Strengthen Cooperation to Combat
  Illegal Logging and Associated Trade
• ??
• Conclusion

3
????????????? Protection and Development of
Chinas Forest Resources

• ?????????????(19992003),
• The Sixth National Forest
  Inventory(1999-2003),
• ?????17490.92???
• Forest area 174.91 million ha
• ??????18.21
• Coverage is 18.21
• ???????136.18????
• Standing volume is 13618 million cubic
  meter

4
????????????? Protection and Development of
Chinas Forest Resources

• ??????7863???,???55.13?????
• Commercial forest 78.63 million ha, with
  5513 million cubic meter
• ??????5326???,??????
• ???15.05?????
• Plantation 53.26 million ha
• 1505 million cubic meter.

5
????????????? Protection and Development of
Chinas Forest Resources

• Natural Forest Protection Program or Logging Ban
• ?????????

• ???7000??
• Total investment gt
• RMB 700 billion Yuan.
• ????97????
• Cover around 97 of Chinas counties
• ????7000???Plantation gt 70 million ha.

6
????????????? Protection and Development of
Chinas Forest Resources

• ?????????
• Sandification Control
• Program for Areas in the
• Vicinity of Beijing

• ??????Conversion of Cropland to Forest and
  Grassland Program

7
????????????? Protection and Development of
Chinas Forest Resources

• ?? ??????????????
• Key Shelterbelts Programs in Such Regions as the
  Three North

and the Middle and Lower Reaches of the basin of
Yangtze River
8
????????????? Protection and Development of
Chinas Forest Resources

• ?????????????????
• Wildlife Conservation and Nature Reserve
  Development Program

9
????????????? Protection and Development of
Chinas Forest Resources

• ?????????????????
• Fast-growing and High-
• yielding Timber Plantations
• ?????????????????
• Effectively improve capability to supply
  legal-source timber

10
2.???????????? Current Situation of China Forest
Law System

• ????????(??)
• National legal system(law)
• ??????????
• Forest Law of the Peoples Republic of
  China
• ??????????????
• Law of the Peoples Republic of China on the
  Protection of Wildlife
• ????????????
• Law of the Peoples Republic of China on
  Combating Desertification
• ??????????????
• Law of the Peoples Republic of China of
  Land Contract of Rural Areas

11
2.???????????? Current Situation of China Forest
Law System

• ????????(??)
• National legal system(Legislations)
• ??????????
• Regulation on wild plants protection
• ?????????
• Regulation on the protection of New
  Varieties of Plants,
• ??????
• Regulation on Conversion of Farmland to
  Forests
• ???????
• Regulation on Nature Reserves

12
2.???????????? Current Situation of China Forest
Legal System

• ??????
• Local legislature
• ????????????????
• China legal system are becoming good fit

13
2.???????????? Current Situation of China Forest
Legal System

• ??????,????????????,??????????????
• law enforcement working mechanism,combine
  administrative protection and justice protection,
  routine enforcement and special-combat-campaign
• ???????????????????????
• great efforts to heighten the legal awareness
  and ecologic ethnic of the general public about
  forest resources protection

14
3.?????? The Enforcement of China Forest Law

• ??????????Forestry Administrative
  Government
• ?????? The administrative management system
• ????????????????
• The administrative management system is
  entitled to enforce forest law
• ?????? Forest Resources Monitoring System
• ?????? Forest Resources Supervision System

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16
?????????????
17
?????????????
18
3.?????? The Enforcement of China Forest Law

• ??????
• Forest Pubic Security Organs
• ??????6726?,?????80??????????
• Consists of 6726 forestry security organs
  established in 30 provinces (autonomous regions
  or municipality), covers 80 of the whole
  country?
• ?????6??,????5.3????
• The total stall size is near 6 ten thousand
  personals, and the force power is 5.7 ten
  thousand (policemen)

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3.?????? The Enforcement of China Forest Law

• ?????????????????
• The Jurisdiction of Forest Public Security is
  in large scope
• ????
• Crime, according with Criminal Law of the
  People's Republic of China and Criminal Procedure
  Law of the People's Republic of China
• ????
• Administrative offences

20
3.?????? The Enforcement of China Forest Law

• ????????
• The System of Law Enforcement of Forest
  Public Security Organs
• ????
• Routine law enforcement patrolling,
  inspecting, checking, participating of
  inhabitants and establishing a network of
  information communication and cooperation
• ????
• Special crackdown campaigns since 2000, five
  campaigns have been carried out aimed at the
  serious illegal activities in different forestry
  regions and in different periods

21
?????????????
22
3.?????? The Enforcement of China Forest Law

• ?????? Customs Protection of Forest Resources
• ?????? examination of customs declaration bills
  and certificates
• ??????? inspection of imported and exported
  timber goods
• ???????????? detention and investigation of
  illegal logging timber and associated trade
• ??????????? punishment of illegal timber smuggle
• ???? disposal of illegal logging timber and
  right-infringing goods

23
3.?????? The Enforcement of China Forest Law

• ????????????
• Procutratorial Organs and Anti-Corruptions
• ????????????? arrests and prosecutions in cases
  of forest-related crimes
• ???????????????anti-corruptions, esp.
  white-collar crimes in forestry sector.

24
3.?????? The Enforcement of China Forest Law

• ??????????
• The Peoples Courts and Trailing Work
• ??????????????
• Expanded the range of forest-related trials
• ???????????????,??????
• Formulated a series of relevant judicial
  interpretations
• ??????
• Put special emphasis on the professional
  training

25
4.??????????? The Situation of International
Trade of Forest Products

• ?10??,????????????
• Imports timber and other forest products
  drastically increase.
• ???????????,?????????????????????????
• A great development in export. Much more
  count of imported timber are put into exported
  products.
• ????????????????????????
• Asia, Europe and North America are the
  principal destination market.
• ???????,???????????????????????????
• The total supply including the import volume
  balances for the total consumption in the future.

26
???????????(1)
27
???????????(2)
28
???????????(3)
29
???????????(4)
30
4.??????????? The Situation of International
Trade of Forest Products

• ??????????
• Illegal Logging An International Issue
• ??????????,??????????????????,????????????????????
  
• Great volume of timber is imported to China
  due to its great and cheap labor force.
• ????????????????????????????????
• Most parts of the forest products, especial
  furniture and wood-based panel, are exported to
  United States, Japan, England ect. at the low
  prices.

31
4.??????????? The Situation of International
Trade of Forest Products

• ????????,???????????,?????????????????
• Ultimate consumers of Chinas import timber
  are all over the world
• ????????????,????????????????????????????
• Final destination countries benefiting from
  Chinas low-cost manufacturing as mentioned above
  should take their responsibility for illegal
  logging and associated trade.

32
????FLEG?????? Chinas Position and
Activities in FLEG Progress

• ??????
• Multi-lateral Actions
• ????2001?9?????FLEG????,????????,???????????
  ??????????????,???????,????????????????????????
  ??
• China joined in the Asia FELG Ministerial
  Conference in September 2001, agreed with
  Ministerial Declaration and stated that Take
  immediate action to intensify national efforts,
  and to strengthen bilateral, regional and
  multilateral collaboration to address violations
  of forest law and forest crime, in particular
  illegal logging, associate illegal trade and
  corruption, and their negative effects on the
  rule of law.

33
????FLEG?????? Chinas Position and
Activities in FLEG Progress

• ??????
• Bi-lateral Actions
• ?????2000?11?????????????????????????????????
  2002????????????,????????????????????????????????
  ???
• China has developed bilateral cooperation
  with a number of countries to combat illegal
  logging. In October 2000, an agreement on
  cooperative exploitation and sustainable
  management on Russia forest was signed between
  China and Russia. On 6 June 2000, China and the
  Burma signed the Joint Statement Concerning
  Framework Document on Future Cooperation in
  Bilateral Relations between the Peoples Republic
  of China and Federation of Myanmar .

34
5. ?????Challenge and Countermeasure

• ???????????????????????????????
• forest-related offences and crimes,
  especial illegal logging, cannot be eliminated at
  present and in next time.
• ???????????????
• Difficult to meet rapidly increasing demand
• ?????????????????????,????????????
• Costs of forest-related offences and crimes
  are still low , this will cause forest offences
  and crimes become profitable

35
5. ?????Challenge and Countermeasure

• ??????,???????
• Poverty prevails over most parts of
  development less forestry regions
• ????????????????
• Efficiency of forest law enforcement is
  needed to improved
• ?????????????????????
• Existing frame of forestry policy and law is
  inadaptable

36
5. ?????Challenge and Countermeasure

• ???????
• Counter-measures have been and will be
  adopted
• ????????,??????????????
• Advance institutional reform of forest
  property rights
• ?????????????
• Review and update forest-related legislation
  
• ??????????
• Adjust the forestry police frame

37
5. ?????Challenge and Countermeasure

• ???????????????,???????
• Provide adequate support for effective forest
  law enforcement
• ?????????????
• Improve the supply of legally sourced timber
• ????????,??????????????????,??????????
• Actively fulfill international obligations
  and strengthen international cooperation

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• ??!
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