WOMEN IN SPORT

1
WOMEN IN SPORT

• ANSHEL CHAPTER 12
• PP 351-382

2
SIMILARITIES B/W MALE FEMALE ATHLETES

• Strongly Motivated Achievement-Oriented
• Wide Scope in Both Sexes
• Willing to Sacrifice Time Energy for Sport

3
DIFFERENCES B/W MALE AND FEMALE ATHLETES

• Females Experience Lower Expectations From
  Parents, Teaches and Coaches.
• Sport Participation Success More Intrinsic in
  Females.
• Female Athletes More Apt to Share Concerns About
  Their Coach, Teammates Esp. Themselves

4
SPORT SOCIALISATION

• Traditional Images of Sporting Life Conflict With
  Societal Images of Females As Non-Competitive,
  Low Physical Activity Passive.
• Males Females Interviewed Stated That Sport Was
  More Important for Males.

5
FACTORS INFLUENCING FEMALE INVOLVEMENT IN SPORT

• Socialisation Factors
• Family Values-Very Strong Influence
• If Parents Stereotyped, Children Also.
• Older Sibling Role Model (Both Male Female)
• Staying in Sport Dependant Upon Re Reinforcement
  From Family Members (Esp. Brothers and Father).

6
FACTORS INFLUENCING FEMALE INVOLVEMENT IN SPORT

• Situational-Environmental Factors
• Goals Must Be Achievable Desirable
• Success Attributed to Internal Causes (Good Play,
  Etc) - High Retention Rate of Females in Sport.
• Re Feedback From Parents, Peers, Instructor.

7
PRIMARY FACTORS THAT PREDICT FEMALE PARTICIPATION
IN SPORT

• Perception of Her Abilities
• Personal Values
• Importance She Places on Participating in Sport
• Perceptions About Proper Role of Males Females
  in Society
• Incentive to Demonstrate Competence Achieve
  Goals

8
WOMEN IN SPORT MAY BE INHIBITED BY FEAR OF SUCCESS

• Due to Learned Tendency Resulting From Social
  Rejection Loss of Femininity When Successful
  Behaviours Involve Aggression or Competition
  Against Males
• Slowly Changing in Sport, Business and Education.

9
The Fact That Female Athletes Possess More
Masculine Personality Traits Than Non-Athletes
Does Not Mean That These Athletes Are Less
Feminine, but That Certain Traits That Western
Society Designated As Masculine Are Inherent in
Any Individual Who Has High Motivation in
Achievement Activities.
10
COACHING FEMALES

• Enhance Self Esteem by
• Use realistic progression goals to ensure
  successful performances.
• Do not sex-type activities.
• Use role models - of same sex.
• Reduce anxiety producing situations.

11
Q. What effect does a societys culture process
of socialisation have on female participation in
sport?
12
Q. How does a females home environment influence
present and future sport involvement?