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Poetry Terms

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Rhyme Scheme. A pattern of rhyming sounds at the ends of lines in a poem. To describe a rhyme scheme, assign each line of a stanza a letter of the ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Poetry Terms


1
Poetry Terms
  • Important words and definitions youll need to
    know as you unleash your inner poet

2
These are the terms well be looking at over the
next several days
  • Alliteration
  • Allusion
  • Assonance
  • Cliché
  • Connotation
  • Consonance
  • Couplet
  • Euphemism
  • Hyperbole
  • Imagery
  • Irony
  • Metaphor
  • Mood
  • Near/Slant Rhyme
  • Onomatopoeia
  • Oxymoron
  • Persona
  • Personification
  • Pun
  • Refrain
  • Rhyme Scheme
  • Rhythm
  • Simile
  • Sonnet
  • Stanza
  • Symbol

3
Alliteration
  • Alliteration is the repetition of consonant
    sounds usually at the beginning of the word two
    or more times in a line of poetry.
  • Tongue twisters are extreme examples of
    alliteration
  • She sells seashells by the seashore
  • Tommy turned timidly toward Timmy
  • It can just be two words
  • Jacob just asked a good question.
  • Jacob asked a good question just now.

4
Allusion
  • Allusions are references to words, phrases,
    people, etc. from literature, history, art,
    politics.
  • An allusion connects a piece of writing to real
    life or to an aspect of culture.
  • Example- In The Gift of the Magi the story and
    the title itself allude to the story of the wise
    men from the Bible.

5
Assonance
  • Assonance is the repetition of vowel sounds when
    consonant sounds are not the same. These sounds
    are close together in a poem (often the same
    line).
  • Make and late
  • Fight and bike
  • Spam and scan
  • Flick and split
  • Leg and said
  • Beam and lean

6
Cliché
  • A cliché is an overused expression or phrase
  • You mean the world to me
  • Youre making me crazy
  • I love you more than anything
  • Comparing love or beauty to inanimate object
  • Flowers
  • Sunsets, the moon, etc.

7
Connotation
  • The emotion that you associate with a word the
    non-dictionary definition
  • A writer may choose to use a particular word in
    order to get a certain response from a reader.
  • These are words that, when you hear them, make
    you have an emotional response

8
Consonance Couplet
  • When the stressed consonant sounds at the end of
    two or more words are the same, but the vowels
    before them are not the same
  • Stroke of luck
  • Touch each latch
  • Consonance, assonance, and alliteration are the
    trio of rhyming devices that gives musicality and
    pattern to poetry
  • A pair of lines that rhyme
  • The girl had purple hair/She acted like she
    didnt care
  • The internet is really, really great/Ive got a
    fast connection so I dont have to wait
  • Chillin out, take it slow/Then you rock out the
    show

9
Euphemism
  • A polite or less blunt way of saying something
    that might be offensive or bad.
  • Hes a few sandwiches short of a picnic.
  • He passed away last night.

10
Hyperbole
  • An over exaggeration for effect- EMPHASIS!
  • Im so hungry I could eat a horse.
  • Shes ugly as sin.
  • I wouldnt be caught dead with her.
  • Id rather be eaten by a rabid coyote than clean
    my room.

11
Imagery
  • Imagery something you read that relates to and
    calls upon our five senses.
  • The way things sound, look, smell, taste, feel.
  • It helps us to fully experience a piece of
    writing and brings us closer to understanding its
    plot (if there is one) and the mood.

12
Irony
  • Lets review! IRONY- AN UNEXPECTED TWIST
  • Verbal- when you say one thing but mean something
    else (sarcasm)
  • Situational- when the reader expects one thing to
    happen and then something different happens
  • Dramatic- when the reader knows something the
    characters do not

13
Metaphor
  • Speaking about one thing as though it were
    another unrelated thing
  • States the comparison as if it were a fact.
  • What light through yonder window breaks? It is
    the east and Juliet is the sun.
  • An aged man is but a paltry thing,
  • A tattered coat upon a stick
  • W.B. Yeats, Sailing to Byzantium
  • Extended Metaphor
  • A metaphor that involves a whole poem or section
    of a poem
  • Implied Metaphor
  • A metaphor that does not directly tell you whats
    being compared

14
Near/Slant Rhyme
  • When words do not rhyme perfectly, but share a
    matching consonant or vowel sound. Or sometimes
    they simply look like they should or should not
    rhyme
  • Blonde - Wand
  • Touch French
  • Jeans Me
  • Tight Lift
  • Blue Shoe
  • Fake- hate

15
Onomatopoeia
  • A word that sounds like what it means
  • Splat
  • Bang
  • Knock
  • Thud
  • Burp
  • Crash
  • Boom
  • Zoom
  • Pow
  • Shacrack!

16
Mood Persona
  • Mood
  • The general feeling or atmosphere that a poem
    creates
  • Are you supposed to feel happy? Depressed?
    Scared? Excited? Suspicious? Confused?
  • What does the author want you to feel?
  • Persona
  • The person who is speaking in a poem
  • Sometimes its a person, an animal, a rock, or
    anything else
  • Whos telling us the information is often times
    as important as the words

17
Oxymoron
  • Two words that dont seem to go together, but do
    to create a new meaning.
  • Jumbo shrimp
  • A fine mess
  • Act naturally
  • Boneless ribs
  • Dark day
  • Fresh frozen vegetables
  • Legally drunk
  • Student-teacher

18
Personification
  • Giving something non-human human qualities
  • The wind whistled through the trees
  • The stars blinked rapidly
  • The sunset reached down and enfolded the horizon
  • Her heart broke into a thousand pieces

19
Refrain
  • Refrain
  • One or more lines that are repeated in a poem or
    song is also often referred to as the chorus
  • Usually the part that gets stuck in your head
  • Quoth The Raven, Nevermore.
  • Maybe next time hell think before he cheats.

20
Rhyme Scheme
  • A pattern of rhyming sounds at the ends of lines
    in a poem.
  • To describe a rhyme scheme, assign each line of a
    stanza a letter of the alphabet, starting with
    a for the first line.
  • Assign the same letter to lines that rhyme.

21
  • Every who down in Who-ville like Christmas a lot,
    A
  • But the Grinch, who lived just north of
    Who-ville, did not.A
  • The Grinch hated Christmas, the whole Christmas
    season.B
  • Now, please dont ask why, no one quite knows the
    reason.B
  • It could be his head wasnt screwed on just
    right.C
  • It could be perhaps that his shoes were too
    tight.C
  • But I think that the most likely reason of allD
  • May have been that his heart was two sizes to
    small.D

22
Form
  • The distinctive way a poem is laid out on the
    page.
  • Poems are usually divided into lines
  • The lines are arranged in groups called stanzas.
  • The form can be shaped by the rhyme scheme.

23
Rhythm
  • -Pattern of sound created by the arrangement of
    stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of
    poetry
  • -Basically its how the poem sounds
  • Just like songs are supposed to be played a
    certain way, poems are supposed to be read a
    certain way

24
Simile
  • Comparing two things that arent really alike.
    Uses the words as, like, appear, or seem
  • Sleep like a log
  • She was as beautiful as the stars in the sky
  • He moved like a tank
  • Im happy as a tornado in a trailer park.

25
Sonnet
  • Fourteen-line poem with a fixed rhythmic pattern,
    meter, and rhyme scheme
  • Shakespeares version of the sonnet is the most
    widely used
  • Usually they focus on love
  • Well be spending a whole day with these soon
  • ABAB CDCD EFEF GG

26
Theme
  • The main idea of the poem
  • Well be looking at poems by author and by theme.
    The following are all possible subjects
  • Love- Love conquers all
  • Death- You cant escape death
  • Carpe Diem- Seize the day because life is short
  • War- War tears families apart
  • Youth- Youth is impulsive
  • Choices- Make good choices because you have to
    live with them
  • Themes are the authors opinions on those
    subjects.

27
Poetry
  • A type of rhythmic, compressed language that uses
    figures of speech and imagery to appeal to the
    readers emotions and imagination.
  • There are two major forms of poetry
  • Lyric- short poem that expresses a speakers
    thoughts or feelings.
  • A popular type of lyric poem is a sonnet.
  • Narrative- tells a story.
  • Narrative has two types epic and ballad.

28
Figure of speech
  • Word or phrase that describes one thing in terms
    of another and is not meant to be understood on a
    literal level.
  • Usually involve an imaginative comparison between
    seemingly unlike things.
  • Simile, metaphor, and personification are all
    figures of speech.
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