The bones of the skull

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The bones of the skull protect the brain and
guard the entrances to the digestive and
respiratory systems.
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Frontal bone
Zygomatic bone
maxilla
vomer
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mandible
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Frontal bone
Supraorbital Foramen (frontal bone)
Glabella (frontal bone)
Zygomatic Process (frontal bone)
Supraorbital Margin (frontal bone)
Infraorbital foramen (maxillary bone)
Middle nasal concha (ethmoid bone)
Inferior nasal concha
maxilla
Perpendicular plate (ethmoid bone)
Alveoli processes (maxillary bone)
vomer
Alveoli processes (mandible)
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mandible
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Frontal eminence
Superciliary arch (frontal bone)
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Middle nasal concha (ethmoid bone)
Perpendicular plate (ethmoid bone)
Inferior nasal concha
Infraorbital foramen (maxillary bone)
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vomer
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Optic foramen or canal (sphenoid bone)
Superior orbital fissure (sphenoid bone)
Inferior orbital fissure (maxillary bone)
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When the supraorbital foramen is not completely
enclosed by bone, there is a supraorbital notch,
rather than a foramen, on the orbital rim, as is
the case for this specimen.
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Optic canals permit passage of the optic nerves
from the eyes to the brain.
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The inferior orbital fissure permits passage of
cranial nerves and blood vessels.
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The superior orbital fissure permits passage of
cranial nerves and blood vessels to the orbit
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Frontal bone
Parietal bone
nasal
lacrimal
Temporal bone
Occipital bone
Zygomatic bone
maxilla
mandible
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Zygomatic process (frontal bone)
Frontal bone
Coronal suture
Parietal bone
Frontal process (zygomatic bone)
Zygomatic process (Temporal bone)
nasal
lacrimal
Condylar process (mandible)
Occipital bone
Temporal process Zygomatic bone
External auditory meatus (temporal bone)
maxilla
ramus
Coronoid process (mandible)
External occipital protuberance
angle
mandible
Mastoid process (temporal bone)
Styloid process (temporal bone)
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Supra meatal triangle
Mandibular condyle
Post glenoid process
External auditory meatus (temporal bone)
Tympanic part
mandible
Mastoid process (temporal bone)
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Styloid process (temporal bone)
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Frontal bone
Zygomatic process (frontal bone)
Sphenoid bone
Temporal bone
Frontal process (zygomatic bone)
Lacrimal bone
Nasal bone
Ethmoid bone
Zygomatic arch
Zygomatic process (temporal bone)
Temporal process (zygomatic bone)
Zygomatic bone
Condylar process (mandible)
Coronoid process (mandible)
Mandibular notch
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maxilla
mandible
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Sagittal suture
Parietal bone
Lambdoidal suture
Parietal bone
Occipital bone
Superior nuchal line
External occipital protuberance
Inferior nuchal line
Middle nuchal line
Condyloid canal
Mastoid process (temporal bone)
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Styloid process (temporal bone)
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Frontal bone
Coronal suture
Parietal bone
Sagittal suture
Parietal bone
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Occipital bone
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Greater wing (sphenoid bone)
Lesser wing (sphenoid bone)
Jugular foramen
Foramen magnum surrounds the connection between
the brain and spinal cord.
Mastoid foramen
Hypoglossal canals
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Location of foramen rotundum (sphenoid bone),
although not shown on this model
Foramen lacerum (sphenoid bone)
Lesser wing (sphenoid bone)
Foramen ovale (sphenoid bone)
Greater wing (sphenoid bone)
Foramen spinosum (sphenoid bone)
Petrous portion (temporal bone)
Petrous portion (temporal bone)
Foramen magnum
Internal occipital crest
Internal occipital protuberance
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Cribiform plate (ethmoid bone)
Crista galli (ethmoid bone)
Lesser wing (sphenoid bone)
Sulcus chiasmatis
Tuberculum sellae
Sella turcica (sphenoid bone)
Fossa hypophysis
Dorsum sellae
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Crista galli (ethmoid bone)
The falx cerebri, a membrane that stabilizes
the position of the brain, attaches to this ridge.
Lesser wing (sphenoid bone)
Greater wing (sphenoid bone)
Sella turcica (sphenoid bone)
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Optic canal (sphenoid bone)
The hypophyseal fossa, the depression within the
sella turcica houses and protects the pituitary
gland.
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Lesser wing (sphenoid bone)
Petrous portion (temporal bone)
Lacrimal canal (lacrimal bone)
nasal
Alveoli processes (maxillary bone)
Internal acoustic canal (temporal bone)
Squamous portion (temporal bone)
mandible
ramus
body
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angle
Mastoid process (temporal bone)
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Petrous portion (temporal bone)
Internal auditory meatus (temporal bone)
The internal auditory canal (meatus)
carries blood vessels and nerves to the inner ear.
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Palatine bones
mandible
Zygomatic arch
Palatine process (maxilla)
Foramen magnum
Occipital condyles
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External occipital ptotuberance
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Occipital condyles are the site of articulation
between the skull and the 1st cervical vertebrae
(atlas).
Occipital condyles
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mandible
Palatine process (maxillary bone)
Palatine bone
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Palatine bone
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Pterygoid processes
medial
medial
lateral
lateral
Pterygoid plates (sphenoid bone)
vomer
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Foramen magnum
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maxilla
Coronoid process
Maxillary alveoli processes
Mandibular notch
Condylar process
ramus
Oblique line
Mental foramen
Mandibular alveoli processes
body
Mandibular angle
mandible
Mental protuberance
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temporalis
buccinator
masseter
mentalis
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Maxillary bone
Alveoli processes
Alveoli processes
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mandible
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FETAL SKULL
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Metopic suture
At birth, there are 2 frontal bones that
articulate along the metopic suture. Although
the suture generally disappears by age 8 as the
bones fuse, the adult skull commonly retains
traces of the suture line.
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Frontal fontanel (anterior)
Parietal bone
Frontal bone
Parietal bone
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Parietal bone
Parietal bone
Occipital fontanel (posterior)
Occipital bone
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Parietal bone
Sphenoidal fontanel (anterolateral)
Mastoidal fontanel (posterolateral)
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